<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The aim of corpus research is to enrich the existing paradigmatic view on copulative conjunctions by a syntagmatic approach aimed at their real textual behaviour in written and spoken communication (including cognitive and ontogenetic context). We proceed from a form of an operator through its contextual incorporation towards more general aspects of its functioning. At the same time we focus on these aspects: a) synchronic frequency characteristics of copulative conjunctions in the Slovak National Corpus texts; b) complementary and competitive relations between connective devices from the point of view of meaning coherence types between utterance meanings, style of written texts and dialogic text features; c) communication functions of utterances with individual types of operators; d) cognitive context of production and interpretation of utterances with copulative conjunctions including ontogenetic peculiarities. Psychology of forms is used as the basis for interpretation of relations between communication and cognitive aspects of a copulative relation. Functional diversity of copulative conjunctions corresponds with principles which are used in psychology of forms to clarify processes organising different constituents into a stable and coherent form (principle of figure and background, similarity, proximity and completion).</abstract>

Zlučovací vzt̆ah v komunikačných a kognitívnych súvislostiach

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Acoustic and auditive observations are reported for Slovak consonants <italic>l </italic>(in non-syllabic position not followed by <italic>e</italic>, <italic>i</italic>, <italic>í </italic>in spelling) and <italic>ľ </italic>(orthographically represented by the letter <italic>ľ</italic>), for which the IPA uses the symbols /l/ and /ʎ/. The laterals were produced by 20 news-readers of Rádio Slovensko and by V. Záborský (a traditional model of good pronunciation), and analyzed in terms of two indicators of softness (clarity)/hardness (darkness, velarization): F2-F1 and F1/F2. Acoustic and auditive analyses revealed that the majority of the selected indicators are suited for the leveling (normalization) of gender differences in the production of <italic>l </italic>and <italic>ľ</italic>. Individual genders can therefore be analyzed jointly. It has further been determined that there are significant differences in the realization of <italic>l </italic>and <italic>ľ </italic>in the speech of individual speakers, and at least two types of <italic>l </italic>and <italic>ľ </italic>can be identified in the selected sample. Normalization by means of the modified Lobanov z-score transformation makes the samples of the individual speakers so homogeneous, that not only physiological, but also sociolinguistic variation disappears. Finally, the comparison of the laterals in the speech of news-readers and V. Záborský showed no significant differences in the production of <italic>l </italic>and <italic>ľ</italic>.</abstract>

Akustické a auditívne vlastnosti slovenských laterálnych konsonantov i: sp ektrálne parametre l a ľ.

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Conversation fillers are sounds like <italic>uh </italic>or <italic>um </italic>that commonly occur in spontaneous conversational speech. When these sounds are noticed, they are commonly perceived negatively in that speakers are considered unprepared, nervous, or less confident. This paper reviews several recent studies dealing with linguistic, psycholinguistic, and neurolinguistic aspects of conversational fillers and suggests that, despite generally negative perception, conversational fillers play an important role in interpersonal spoken interactions and function positively in facilitating communication. For example, they signal intonational or syntactic structure, cue given vs. new entities in discourse, increase attention, improve retention of words following them in memory, or signal metacognitive states of the speaker to the listener. These functions bring potential of using conversational fillers in various applications that are based on interactive speech and voice processing. Further studies of fillers in languages like Slovak may improve our understanding of the complexities of human spoken interactions.</abstract>

Prozodické a pragmatické vlastnosti konverzačných hezitácií v angličtine

Novák , Pavel: Lingvistika a jazyková realita . výbor z díla.

Teoretické a komunikační aspekty proprií . Prof. Rudolfu Šrámkovi k životnímu jubileu.

Stil 7. Međunarodni časopis.

Homoláč, Jiří: Internetové diskus e o cikánech a romech.

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Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis

 The aim of the Journal of Linguistics is to bring together innovative contributions that share the interest in the general and theoretical questions of language, its nature, functions, governing principles and interaction with cognitive and social reality. This overarching aim, however, does not solely invite proposals from the domain of general and theoretical linguistics, as it rather opens for a wide range of topics. These include but are not restricted to studies at the level of morphology, syntax, semantics, stylistics, pragmalinguistics and so on. Due to its aim specification, the Journal does not publish submissions dealing with second language acquisition and translation studies. Preferred are contributions focused on the Slovak language and other, mostly Slavic languages, including comparative papers where Slavic languages are taken into account. The proposals may endorse comparative and/or historical perspective, quantitative and/or qualitative methodology and they can be anchored in all major contemporary linguistic fields, such as philosophy of language, cognitive linguistics, construction grammar, sociolinguistics, discourse studies, corpus linguistics and others. By this wide array of perspectives, the Journal wishes to provide a forum for researchers seeking in-depth, complex explanations of linguistic phenomena, as well as better understanding of language in general.   Journal of Linguistics is published three times a year, with one issue usually being thematic.Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný časopis is a double-blind peer reviewed journal. It does not charge for article processing (APCs) or article submission.   Why subscribe and read    The journal presents latest results and topics within modern research conducted by Slovak and foreign linguists.   Articles are focused on all theoretical subjects of contemporary general, structural and cognitive linguistics, comparative studies, as well as studies from related humanities that are dealing with philosophical or cultural aspects of language.      Why submit    The journal is distributed to all linguistic institutions that conduct research within Slavic studies, including foreign universities. Because of this, the authors’ outputs reach a wide range of readers.   It provides a platform for scientific discussion on large number of topics.   Published articles have passed through language-correction.   The third volume includes an index of names mentioned throughout the year.      Rejection Rate    4 of 10 (on average)    Archiving   Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.   Plagiarism Policy   The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 

Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis

Volume 62 (2012): Issue 2 (October 2012)

Zlučovací vzt̆ah v komunikačných a kognitívnych súvislostiach

Akustické a auditívne vlastnosti slovenských laterálnych konsonantov i: sp ektrálne parametre l a ľ.

Prozodické a pragmatické vlastnosti konverzačných hezitácií v angličtine

Novák , Pavel: Lingvistika a jazyková realita . výbor z díla.

Teoretické a komunikační aspekty proprií . Prof. Rudolfu Šrámkovi k životnímu jubileu.

Stil 7. Međunarodni časopis.

Homoláč, Jiří: Internetové diskus e o cikánech a romech.

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