Tom 114 (2017): Zeszyt 1 (January 2017)

The article deals with the question of the evolution of polychromy in the L’viv architecture in the period of the second half of the 17th century to the first half of the 19th century. On the base of field and historical research, the author considers polychrome techniques, the colour palette, and the main principles and peculiarities of polychromy use on the façades and interiors of L’viv buildings of the Baroque and Classicism periods.

Art based on optical illusions has accompanied the everyday life of a human being since ancient times, until today. Primarily, it played a specific role as an artistic game and manifested the artists’ own mastery, while often playing the serviceable role of an artistic advertisement. This study presents a detailed definition of anamorphic images together with their precise classification, and provides a description of the methods used for their construction. The problems discussed here have been presented on a historical background. The examples of particularly chosen anamorphic images have been presented together with their visualised images. The theoretical background, how one can create such anamorphic images, provides the basis for further design and development of anamorphic images to be created both in an urban space of a town, and in the interiors of public use..

The papers presents the study on the application of acetals as active ingredients in paint strippers. The formulation was prepared and the ability to wrinkling of the shell was rated. The ability to wrinkling of the shell was rated by examining the force required to detachment the coating.

Different methodologies for the assessment of the influence of vibrations on people residing in buildings can be found in international standards. There are two dominant methods of assessment: the analysis of the RMS values in 1/3 octave bands and vibration dose VDV. In this article, these two methods of assessing the influence of vibration on humans are compared, not only on the basis of standard formulas but also on a real example. The influence of transport vibrations (busses, trams, trucks) on humans residing in traditional, masonry buildings was analysed. Conclusions resulting from a comparative analysis of the two methods of evaluation were formed.

The paper deals with the transmission of mine-induced vibrations in the LGC region from the ground to the foundations of typical buildings. The simple, easy-to-use models have been proposed for the determination of the differences (relations) between ground and foundation acceleration response spectra. Experimentally obtained acceleration response spectra from vibrations occurring simultaneously on the ground near the building and the building foundation were the basis for the verification of the accuracy of the proposed models.

Protection of cultural heritage in recent times is of a very important significance. The priority task is to secure the existing facilities in such a way that they can now and in the future serve as a representations of the areas and be a treasure house of knowledge for both current and future generations. Through the development of new technologies and applying them by maintenance staff and those working to protect the national heritage, digitization has become widespread. Photogrammetry and laser scanning proved to be useful tools in a non-invasive process of heritage digitizing. In the article the author describes the process of creating a three-dimensional model of an architectural detail, the model of “acanthus leaf” which is the final product of the study. The methodology described by the author outlines the problems occurring during the measurement and subsequent data processing stages. The final product is an important database, useful when creating the reconstruction and renovation of similar facilities.

The objective of the paper was to conduct dynamic measurements of free-field vibrations in three profiles and establish decay relations of propagating vibrations. The sources of vibrations were passages of the Pendolino train with dedicated speeds from 40 to 293 km/h. In each profile, soil properties tests were carried out. Based on the data for a few selected speeds of the Pendolino train’s passages, the Vibration Reduction Coefficients (VRC) were determined at selected points. The paper is also focused on the analysis of vibrations of the selected one-storey masonry residential building located in the vicinity of one of the profiles and their evaluation of the harmfulness on the building structure using standard scales of dynamic influence.

The paper presents the relation between the three types of noncausal digital filters: unitary, Hermitian and antihermitian filters. A decomposition has been made of a causal filter into a Hermitian and unitary filter cascade, and the use of this decomposition to calculate the electric power quality of receivers has been highlighted. Reference has also been made to the analogy between the set of unitary filters and the unit circle in the Gaussian plane.

Impacts of extreme weather events are increasing due to ongoing climate change. Floods in the urban areas not just damage properties but also threat human life. Coping with these challenges in metropolises of old Europe is difficult as the ex-istent building structures and combined rainwater and sewage systems originating from the 19th century. We compare three old European capital cities (Berlin, Budapest and Paris) regarding rainwater management concepts. We identify important spatial land use types of blue-green infrastructure and corresponding measures for the implementation towards a more water sensitive management by using the case study approach.

This paper summarizes the problems caused for wastewater systems by changing wastewater composition, especially the increasing use of nonwoven wet wipes and their disposal via the toilet. The nonwoven wet wipes do not disintegrate in the sewer system as paper-based toilet does, but accumulate to large agglomerations that can block the system and clog pumps. This not only reduces the operational safety and stability of the wastewater system, but also costs the operator a lot of money. The paper introduces an approach to estimate the composition of wastewater and presents first results for the city of Berlin.

The paper is discussing microplastics in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants and other discharges from urban areas. The aim of the discussion is to expose the challenges related to sampling and detecting plastic particles in treated wastewater. The different types of microplastics and a rough estimation of the amount of plastic which could end up in the aquatic environment is given. The work is based on a literature review of microplastic particles in treated wastewater and discusses their consequences on the aquatic ecosystem.

The aim of the paper is to prove two theorems on the existence and uniqueness of mild and classical solutions of a semilinear functional-differential evolution second order equation together with nonlocal conditions. The theory of strongly continuous cosine families of linear operators in a Banach space is applied. The paper is based on publications [1–9] and is a generalization of paper [6].

The uniqueness of classical solutions to parabolic semilinear problems together with nonlocal initial conditions with integrals, for the operator ∑i,j=1n∂∂xi(aij(x,t)∂∂xj)+c(x,t)-∂∂t,\sum\limits_{i,j = 1}^n {{\partial \over {\partial {x_i}}}\left( {{a_{ij}}\left( {x,t} \right){\partial \over {\partial {x_j}}}} \right)} + c\left( {x,t} \right) - {\partial \over {\partial t}},, x=(x₁,...,x_n), in the cylindrical domain D:D₀ ×(t₀, t₀+T) ⊂ ℜⁿ⁺¹, where t₀ ∈ ℜ, 0 < T < ∞, are studied. The result requires that the nonlocal conditions with integrals be introduced.

This publication presents a study conducted for related pyrazoloquinoline doped nanoparticles CuO/TiO₂ and Cu₂O/TiO₂. The mixtures were used as the active material for the construction of photovoltaic cells.

Low frequency AC conductivity has been studied in ferroelectric ceramics PZT + PFS (Pb[(Fe_1/3Sb_2/3)_xTi_yZr_z]O₃ with x = 0.1 and y = 0.43, 0.44, 0.47) using Fourier transformation of charging and discharging currents. The results are interpreted in terms of fractal structure of the randomly generated clusters formed by sequentially correlated hopping paths of charge carriers.