Volume 115 (2018): Issue 5 (May 2018)

An increase in the popularity of suburban areas as places of residence has triggered dynamic development of such areas in recent years. This resulted in mass designation of previously agricultural land for housing development. Suburban areas with typically agricultural land parcellation are not prepared for adopting building development structures of urban character without an interference into their parcellation structure. In a situation of sporadic application by communes of the procedure of land consolidation followed by secondary division for the purpose of preparing future investment land, the real estate economy becomes based on individual divisions. A lack of the right regulations in local development plans does not permit control of the progressing building development. As a result, urban sprawl occurs, and the resulting structures largely deviate from the rules of spatial order.

This article describes the differences in perception of urban space, functional relations and needs of the inhabitants, observed in Polish cities and compared to American cities, focusing on the current approach to new development in Kraków and Phoenix in Arizona. The article particularly articulates such problems as transit and parking in view of the city’s functionality as well as their ecological and esthetic impact.

The meaning of the “urban planner” differs in every national spatial planning system. Its definition in the EU scale as a profession in public trust, responsible for practical and scientific domains, social activities, organisational and creational ones deviates significantly from the Polish definitions, where the urban planner is being recognised as someone who prepares a local plan project. This situation is a symptom of the spatial planning crisis in Poland, and a crisis of the profession as well. This situation needs urgent reforms, which should bring back the situation of spatial planning as the most important tool for spatial management.

The paper will discuss urgent and topical problems that affect historical areas of urban open space. Its main goal will be the identification of phenomena which take place within it, and which mainly affect its natural tissue. The article will also contain such aspects as: an analysis of modern trends in revalorisation and the effects of its impact, an analysis of possible preventive measures that can be taken, as well as an evaluation of the influence of environmental factors on the condition of individual types of greenery.

Processes of globalization and urbanization are the main factors of changes in our environment and social foundations. Culture, traditions, customs, mythology are tightly bonded with the geographical environment and the land itself, which also defined the way of economic activity and the lifestyle of inhabitants. Identity may become apparent through landscape in two principal ways. On the one hand, landscape can represent and identify the certain culture by means of its visual image. On the other hand, the manifestation of deep links of landscape and its inhabitants by means of reviling emotional, visual and semantic connections of man to a land, affords to strengthen people’s feeling of belonging, rooting and thus safety, which is exceptionally essential in our era of non-stable uncertain modernity.

The ISO 13790 standard presents two quasi-stationary calculation methods for including greenhouse systems in the evaluation of a building’s energy balance – a detailed and a simplified method. These adopt different assumptions with regard to solar gains in sunspace and in adjacent heated rooms; thus, the calculation results of the internal temperature of the sunspace and the energy demand in heated spaces may differ. This work presents the comparison of energy effects achieved due to the sunspace in an example living space, calculated by means of both quasi-stationary methods and more accurate dynamic simulations with an hour time step. Analysis of the results obtained by means of the described methods has enabled the identification of the advisable range of each of the calculation methodologies.

This paper presents an analysis of the parameters of surface deformation prediction theory carried out for a hard coal mine in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Two areas of the coal mine were used as the subject of this analysis – in these areas, underground mining with roof caving was carried out in similar geological conditions for various numbers of seams, and consequently, for various rock mass disturbance rates. In order to estimate the parameters of the surface deformation prediction theory, i.e. the exploitation coefficient and the angle of the main range of influences, geodesic measurements of subsidence along the observation lines were used. The study shows that rock mass disturbance affects the values of the Knothe theory parameters and the values of the surface deformation indicators. In the case of a larger number of selected seams, the determined value of the exploitation coefficient was larger than the determined value in the case of a less disturbed rock mass. Assuming inappropriate parameters for surface subsidence prediction may cause unexpected damage to surface objects.

This article presents the results of experimental research to determine the size of powder graining in building materials, specifically, gypsums (Dolina Nidy, Pinczow) and adhesives (Atlas Sp. z o.o., Lodz, and Weber Saint-Gobain, Warsaw). A modern laser diffraction method for measuring the distribution of particle sizes with respect to their diameters was applied. During the experiment, three series of measurements were conducted for each material. Data relating to the graining of building materials is crucial because it is one of many aspects that directly affects the binding time and defines its potential applications in the construction industry.

In this paper, a new PID-regulator based solution to the scientific and practical problem of increasing the accuracy of regulating the position of a ball on a platform in real time is proposed. A transfer function for balancing a ball on a platform is developed. A PID-regulator for balancing a ball on a platform is synthesized. A PID-regulator implementation on FPGA with parallel calculations is designed. An increased accuracy of regulating the position of a ball on a platform is approved by natural simulation.

The work compares the accuracy of calculations of the reliability parameters of the sewerage network using the Decomposition and Equivalent Replacement (MDE) method, proposed by Yu. A. Yermolin and M.I. Alekseev [3], definitely simpler and less onerous in relation to the graph method. Comparing the results of calculations with both methods, applied to a simple network, one can come to the conclusion that the MDE calculations in simple cases give satisfactory accuracy. However, it would be necessary to check whether, as the complexity increases, this accuracy is still satisfactory.

The results of the numerical simulation of deep excavation supported by a diaphragm walls are presented. Mohr-Coulomb and Hardening Soil models were used. The obtained horizontal displacements are compared with the results of the inclinometric monitoring and the observed discrepancies are discussed. Movement of the bottom of the wall – which is often neglected – is clearly observed both in the numerical simulations and in-situ measurements.

The aim of the paper is to prove two theorems on the continuous dependence of mild solutions, on initial nonlocal data, of the nonlocal semilinear functional-differential evolution Cauchy problems of the first and second orders. The paper is based on publications [1–10] and is a generalization of paper [5].

The most important factors conditioning the competitiveness of a warehouse are time and money. A randomly or improperly chosen storage process influences three types of costs: the movement of goods, waiting time, transportation costs. To increase the effectiveness of goods completion, i.e. to decrease processing time and cost, appropriately selected methods of product classification are used. In the article, the authors have done simulations of product classification for an ABC analysis, an ABC analysis together with a COI index, an ABC analysis together with an XYZ analysis, a COI index only, and the method of free product storage places. Simulations were made for two variants taking into account the need and there is no need to shifting products on the completion trolley during the whole completion process.