- Detalles de la revista
- Formato
- Revista
- eISSN
- 2719-9509
- Publicado por primera vez
- 01 Jan 1992
- Periodo de publicación
- 4 veces al año
- Idiomas
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- Acceso abierto
Studies on the ldentification of Tobacco Alkaloids, their Mammalian Metabolites and Related Compounds by Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry
Páginas: 339 - 349
Resumen
Various pyridine compounds, either identified or implied as intermediates in the mammalian metabolism of nicotine or present in tobacco or tobacco smoke, have been studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Spectral and gas chromatographic data for these compounds, which provide a basis for further studies of pyridine compounds in plant and animal tissue, are given. The utility of these data in studies on nicotine and its metabolites in body fluids from humans is illustrated by a determination of nicotine in the plasma from two smokers using quantitative mass fragmentography with the aid of deuterated nicotine.
- Acceso abierto
Gas Chromatographic Determination of Isoprene, Acetaldehyde and Acrolein from the Gaseous Phase of Cigarette Smoke - Gaschromatographische Bestimmung von lsopren, Acetaldehyd und Acrolein aus der Gasphase von Cigarettenrauch
Páginas: 350 - 353
Resumen
By means of a special sampling technique with a cooled preliminary column parts of each puff from a cigarette are collected. With the aid of subsequent gas chromatographic analysis a quantitative determination of acrolein, acetaldehyde and isoprene from the gaseous phase is effected. The content of these three substances in some trial cigarettes is discussed.
- Acceso abierto
The Determination of Nicotine in Particulate Matter Using Citric Acid and Bromomaleic Acid
Páginas: 354 - 358
Resumen
It was found that a system consisting of citric acid and bromomaleic acid each dissolved in acetic anhydride may be used to quantitatively determine nicotine, colourimetrically, in a 2-propanoI extract of smoke particulate matter. The coloured complex between nicotine and the above reagents formed in 25 minutes (at 30°C) and had a lmax at 505 nanometers. With nicotine, complexation occurred preferentially at the N-methylpyrrolidine nitrogen as opposed to the pyridine nitrogen. Out of the classes of compounds that were tested, which included primary, secondary and aliphatic and aromatic amines, oximes and amides, only tertiary aliphatic amines yielded a red coloured complex. The coefficient of variation at the 2-sigma level was 11 %.
- Acceso abierto
Determination of Nicotine in Low-Nicotine Tobacco
Páginas: 359 - 361
Resumen
A gas chromatographic method for the determination of nicotine in low-nicotine tobacco is described. Tobacco samples are extracted with sodium hydroxide solution and chloroform. Nicotine in the chloroform is determined by gas chromatography. The method is applied to different tobacco types of varying nicotine levels and compared with other methods. The method is simple, rapid, and yields reproducible results.
- Acceso abierto
Determination of Unprotonated Ammonia in Whole Cigarette Smoke
Páginas: 362 - 365
Resumen
The total ammonia content of smoke is essentially ammonium salts with insignificant amounts of free ammonia. An ammonia electrode was used to experimentally measure the amount of free ammonia in the smoke of several cigarettes and two little cigars. For comparison, the theoretical amount of free ammonia was calculated from the total ammonia content and smoke pH. Free ammonia in domestic filter and non-filter cigarettes ranged from 1 to 4 ng with totaI ammonia contents of 28 to 44 µg. The smoke from a dark tobacco cigarette and Iittle cigar contained 1.2 and 2.4 µg of free NH3, respectively. These two smoking items had total ammonia contents of 147 and 310 µg, respectively. The calculated free ammonia agreed with the experimentaI values. No significant errors were introduced by the presence of methylamine in the smoke in either total ammonia or free ammonia results.
- Acceso abierto
Tobacco Chemistry/Chemische Zusammensetzung des Tabaks
Páginas: 366 - 366
Resumen
35: two isomeric 5,6-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-ones from Nicotiana tabacum L.
- Acceso abierto
On the Chemistry of Cigar Smoke: Comparisons between Experimental Little and Large Cigars
Páginas: 367 - 377
Resumen
Comparative data have been presented and evaluated on levels of various constituents in five different cigar tobaccos and in the smoke they generate when made into little and Iarge cigars. Generally the large cigars deliver a significantly lower level of mainstream smoke particulates such as TPM, nicotine and benzo[a]pyrene, when compared to the little cigars. On a per cigar basis, however, large cigars (as opposed to Iittle cigars) deliver substantially higher levels of CO and other gas phase constituents. A higher delivery of ammonia by large cigars is noted in the sidestream smoke. When little cigars are wrapped in cigarette paper, the major effects are lower levels of CO (reduced by 50 %). Cigar smoke can be distinguished from cigarette smoke on the basis of pH characteristics, ammonia and CO levels. Future studies should be concerned with establishing the material balance for components in mainstream and sidestream smoke of Iittle cigars and large cigars.
- Acceso abierto
Evolution of the Gas-Vapour Phase and the Total Particulate Matter of Cigarette Smoke in a Single Puff
Páginas: 378 - 381
Resumen
The concentration of gas-vapour phase components of cigarette smoke increases almost throughout from the beginning to the end of each puff, as produced on a piston-actioned smoking machine. While this is not true for all substances examined in the 5th puff, it is obvious in the 3rd puff, and very pronounced in the 8th puff, where the increase in volatile components from the second to the last thirds of a single puff is important. This indicates without any doubt that the concentration in volatile components increases from the beginning to the end of a puff. This effect is increased as the smoking progresses towards the butt end of the cigarette. The yield of the crude smoke condensate is about the same in each third of a puff. In the last puff, however, the increase from the 2nd to the last puff third is very pronounced and is comparable to the increase in volatile smoke components from the beginning to the end of the puff.
- Acceso abierto
Investigation into the Filter Efficiency of the Tobacco Rod in Cigarettes of Differing Density in Dependence on the Smoked Length/Untersuchung der Filterwirksamkeit des Tabakstranges bei Cigaretten verschiedener Härte in Abhängigkeit von der Abrauchlänge
Páginas: 382 - 391
Resumen
With cigarettes of differing density the smoke condensate and nicotine yields in relation to the smoked length of the cigarette were determined. Seen generally, the amounts of these substances during the smoking of the first third are smaller in cigarettes with high density, about the same in the second third and only in the last third are they greater than in cigarettes with Iow density. The filter efficiency of the tobacco rod was determined by smoking equaI lengths of rod of the normaI and the shortened cigarettes. The coefficient of filtration was calculated. The coefficient of filtration µ is, for condensate, independent of the length of the filtering tobacco rod. This result is to be expected as the coefficient of filtration represents, by definition, the differential filtration performance. For the nicotine retention, on the other hand, a clear change in the coefficient of filtration is shown. The filtration power of the tobacco rod declines with decreasing Iength. The causes of this have not yet been investigated in detail. These results apply both to filter and plain cigarettes. The coefficient of filtration µ increases in the area investigated practically Iinearly with the density. The median coefficient of filtration for nicotine is nearly 60 % of the coefficient of filtration for condensate. A further investigation was conducted into the influence of the puff frequency on the condensate and nicotine amounts. With a constant puff number cigarettes were smoked with changed puff frequencies and the smoking values for smoke condensate and nicotine content were compared with each other (per cigarette and per puff).
- Acceso abierto
The Influence of Adsorbents on the Composition of the Smoke from Sheet Tobacco/Der Einfluss von Adsorbentien auf die Zusammensetzung des Rauches von Folientabak
Páginas: 392 - 394
Resumen
The use of adsorbents in cigarette filters guarantees a substantial reduction of volatile and semi-volatile smoke components. We added adsorbents to the sheet tobacco and then analysed the effect on the composition of the smoke. The results show a substantiaI reduction of many smoke components when 10 % to 18 % of a special meerschaum quality as fine powder is stirred into the slurry before drying. Addition of 10 % meerschaum results in a reduction of about 30 % for nicotine and dry condensate as well as for semi-volatile substances (phenols, cresols, scatol, etc.). With an 18 % addition the reduction is about 45 % compared to sheet tobacco without meerschaum. This significant diminution of some of the undesirable smoke components is achieved without any impairment of the aroma of the smoke.
- Acceso abierto
Control of Tobacco Moth and Tobacco Beetle on Companies’ Premises/Die Bekämpfung von Tabakmotten und Tabakkäfern im Betrieb
Páginas: 395 - 397
Resumen
Atomisation of insecticides as action against tobacco pests appearing occasionally and the use of electric traps to check the success of the pest controI are described.