- Detalles de la revista
- Formato
- Revista
- eISSN
- 2719-9509
- Publicado por primera vez
- 01 Jan 1992
- Periodo de publicación
- 4 veces al año
- Idiomas
- Inglés
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- Acceso abierto
Editorial, TSRC Lifetime Achievement Award
Páginas: 251 - 251
Resumen
- Acceso abierto
Alan Rodgman, M.A., Ph.D., Recipient of the 2003 Tobacco Science Research Conference Lifetime Achievement Award
Páginas: 252 - 253
Resumen
- Acceso abierto
Dr. Dietrich Hoffmann, Recipient of the 2004 Tobacco Science Research Conference Lifetime Achievement Award
Páginas: 254 - 257
Resumen
- Acceso abierto
Investigations of IsogenomicAlloplasmics of Flue-Cured Tobacco Nicotianatabacum cv. Wislica
Páginas: 259 - 263
Resumen
Cytoplasms of fifteen wild
- Acceso abierto
Evidence for Peroxynitrite and Cognates in Whole Smoke
Páginas: 264 - 272
Resumen
The peroxynitrite anion (ONOO-), a major product of the gas-phase interaction between the superoxide radical and nitric oxide, has been detected by ion chromatography (IC) for the first time. IC analyses of cigarette whole mainstream smoke collected in deionized water (DiW), using a Dionex 4500i IC, a Dionex AS11 column, an aqueous sodium hydroxide linear gradient with conductivity suppression from 1-20 mMNaOH, and conductivity coupled with diode array detection, revealed an unknown singly charged anion I incompletely resolved from nitrite. Gradient modification produced baseline resolution of I from nitrite and from a number of additional, previously undetected anions associated with smoke samples. Possible candidates for the unexpected smoke sample anion, including bromide, cyanide, and hydrogen hyponitrite were rejected for possible correspondence with the new smoke species on the basis of concentration range and chemical behavior. Chemical, chromatographic, and spectroscopic evidence supported the assignment of this smoke component as ONOO-. Mineral acid immediately destroyed I in the collected aqueous smoke medium. Both the retention time and the ultraviolet spectrum (UV) maximum at 302 nm for I were identical to those for synthetic peroxynitrite. The smoke from full flavor [28.5-30.4 mg total particulate matter (TPM)] filter cigarettes contained 2.4-3.3 µg/cig of this species. Levels were 4 to 5 times higher, up to 13 µg/cig, in cigarettes with the filters removed.
- Acceso abierto
Puff-by-Puff Analysis of Selected Mainstream Smoke Constituents in The Kentucky Reference 2R4F Cigarette
Páginas: 273 - 279
Resumen
A method has been developed to perform mainstream smoke (MSS) chemical analysis on individual cigarette puffs using standard equipment typically found in a smoke chemistry laboratory. The method allows for accurate delivery profiling of smoke constituents as the cigarette is consumed. This methodology can be applied to both gas- and particulate phase species.
- Acceso abierto
The Effects of Filter Ventilation on Flavor Constituents in Cigarette Smoke
Páginas: 280 - 285
Resumen
The deliveries of 20 added flavor constituents, total particulate matter (TPM), nicotine, ‘tar’ carbon monoxide and water in cigarette mainstream smoke were studied when filter ventilation was 0, 10%, 30%, 50% and 70%, respectively. The flavor substance test was done by addition of standard samples. The flavor constituents in cigarette smoke condensate were separated by simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) and capillary gas chromatography (GC). The flavor constituents were identified and determined quantitatively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC. The flavors studied were methylpyrazine, furaldehyde, 5-methylfuraldehyde, benzaldehyde, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, trimethylpyrazine, 2-acetylpyridine, phenylacetaldehyde, acetophenone, linalool, b-phenylethyl alcohol, isophorone, oxoisophorone, benzyl acetate, menthol, ethyl octanoate, b-damascenone, b-damascone, geranylacetone and b-ionone. The deliveries of TPM, nicotine, ‘tar’ carbon monoxide and water in mainstream smoke were determined according to International Standard methods. It was found that the flavor constituents and routine components in mainstream smoke decreased in different proportions as the filter ventilation increased. Carbon monoxide and ‘tar’ decreased more than nicotine. The flavor constituents with lower boiling points and lower molecular weights decreased more than those with higher boiling points and higher molecular weights. With the increase of filter ventilation, not only is the amount of smoke components reduced and the smoke taste weakened, but also the composition of smoke is modified and the quality of aroma changed slightly. These findings should be considered when developing low-‘tar’ cigarettes through the use of filter ventilation technology.
- Acceso abierto
An Approach to Modeling a Burning Cigarette
Páginas: 286 - 293
Resumen
The temperature and smoke components distributions inside a burning cigarette have been briefly reviewed. Then, focusing on our mathematical model to explain the natural smoldering mechanism of a cigarette and new mathematical models recently published by other authors, an approach to modeling a burning cigarette has been outlined.
It has been more than forty years since modeling the burning process of a cigarette was first attempted. Although the modeling work, which has been adopted as a means to research the burning mechanism of a cigarette, has seen a certain degree of progress in the last forty years, almost all mathematical models published are restricted to a burning cigarette under a free convection or a steady draw condition. No realistic model has been published yet to explain the processes occurring inside a burning cigarette under an intermittent puffing cycle.
- Acceso abierto
A Profile of the Heat Generation Inside a Cigarette During Puffing
Páginas: 294 - 302
Resumen
The transient temperature distribution inside a burning cigarette during a 2-second constant-draw single puff was measured to determine the heat generation rate at various positions. The calculation of the heat generation was applied only to a vertically positioned cigarette. The solid-phase temperature was measured by an infrared thermometer with an optical fiber probe, and the gas-phase temperature was measured by a thermocouple. Heat generation rates at various positions inside the burning cigarette were obtained from the temperature distribution profile based on the heat balance equations. Heat generation was found to be concentrated within a region 2 to 3 mm behind the paper char line. The maximum heat generation rate was observed during the initial period of puffing and the heat generation rate decreased significantly in the interval during the middle unsteady period. Steady heat generation was observed in the latter period. The puffing volume as well as the properties of cigarette paper affected the heat generation rate during the unsteady period. The amount of the heat generated during the unsteady period was more than half of the total regardless of the cigarette paper basis weight and the puffing volume.