Nano-biofertilizer | Crop | Plants’ responses | References |
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Zinc sulfide nanoparticles, |
Tomato ( |
Increase in plant fresh and dry biomass Improve total soluble protein, sugar, and phenolic contents Improve the tomato plant nutrition [silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and potassium (K)] |
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Biological selenium nanoparticles (Bio-SeNPs) synthesized by |
Wheat grains |
Enhance plant growth, improve wheat grain quantity and quality by 5%–40% In addition, they boost photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange characteristics Enhance their tolerance to drought and heat stress, and increase their growth and productivity |
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Fenugreek plant | Increases the shoot and root length of fenugreek plant with only 75 ppm of CeO2 in the nanocomposite Prevents bioaccumulation |
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Zinc-oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and PGPR contain phosphorus- and potassium-solubilizing, nitrogen-fixing siderophore activity performing PGPR | Maize ( |
Increase relative water content by 43%–50% and plant biomass Utilizing rhizobacteria-infused biofertilizer alongside ZnO-NPs has the potential to be a highly efficient bioresource for enhancing the growth of maize plants in the presence of arsenic stress |
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ZnO nanoparticles in combination with Zn biofertilizer | Wheat ( |
With the application of ZnO-NPs and biofertilizer, there was a substantial improvement in various plant growth indicators: total length, fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll content, and carotenoid content increased by 14.6%, 37.5%, 40%, 30.9%, and 31.7%, respectively Protein levels, grain yield, and zinc content in the grain experienced significant boosts, with increases of 30.7%, 8.8%, and 66.3%, respectively The populations of total aerobic bacteria, fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and zinc-solubilizing bacteria showed remarkable growth, with increments of 99%, 34%, 31%, 166%, and 1400%, respectively |
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Nano-zeolite–loaded nitrogen and biofertilizers (HNB) | Caraway ( |
Significant improvement over control in both growing seasons |
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Combination of application of TiO2 nanoparticles and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi | Sage ( |
In comparison to the unfertilized treatment, the combination of TiO2 and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi led to a 35% increase in dry matter yield and a 35% improvement in water usage efficiency 50% maximum allowable depletion fertilized with TiO2 + AMF exhibited the highest content of essential oil (EO) at 1.48%, the highest yield at 2.52 g/m2, and the highest concentration of |
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Application of iron oxide nanoparticles + |
Green gram [( |
The effects of iron oxide nanoparticles and Plant life cultivated with IONPs and |
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Chitosan nanoparticles and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi | Thyme ( |
Combined application of AMF + Chitosan NPs increased thyme dry yield by 21.7% when compared to the control |
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Linseed ( |
AgNPs and |