<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">A simple and direct Strut-and-Tie Model (STM) is proposed here to predict the ultimate shear strength of the reinforced concrete bridge pier cap for shear span to depth ratio of 0.4 to 2.4. The model is based on the Kupfer-Gerstle Biaxial Compression-Tension failure criterion which includes the concrete softening effect produced by the presence of transverse tensile stress. The earlier models consider the stress distribution factor for the varied stress distribution across the section by assuming it as linear function which is derived by satisfying equilibrium conditions. In this study the principal stresses have been evaluated by satisfying the compatibility condition at the time of impending failure which has been accounted for the effective area of concrete resisting tension. Also the softening effect has been included by using the formula for tensile strength of cracked concrete proposed by Belarbi and Hsu. The proposed model has been validated with 43 experimental results by author and from literature which confirm the coherency and conservativeness of the predicted results. The parametric study on ultimate shear strength is done so as to infer the relation between various abstract quantities such as compressive strain, shear capacity, span depth ratio and other material properties and get a deeper insight into the behavior of the Pier cap. Thus this paper tries to extend the practical application of Strut-and-Tie Model for reinforced concrete bridge pier cap in understanding the actual behavior of the structure on various dimensional and material parameters.</abstract>

Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur-177005, H.P., India.

Tandon Consultants Pvt Ltd, New Delhi-110014, India.

Direct Strut-and-Tie Model for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Pier Cap

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Single well test is more common than aquifer test with having observation well, since the advantage of single well test is that the pumping test can be conducted on the production well with the absence of observation well. A kind of single well test, which is step-drawdown test used to determine the efficiency and specific capacity of the well, however in case of single well test it is possible to estimate Transmissivity, but the other parameter which is Storativity is overestimated, so the aim of this study is to analyze four pumping test data located in KAWRGOSK area by using cooper-Jacob’s (1946) time drawdown approximation of Theis method to estimate the aquifer parameters, also in order to determine the reasons which are affecting the reliability of the Storativity value and obtain the important aspect behind that in practice.</abstract>

Assist. Prof. PhD, Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Salahaddin, Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Engineer, General Directorate of Dams and Reservoirs, Ministry of agricultural and water resources, Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Performing Pumping Test Data Analysis Applying Cooper-Jacob’s Method for Estimating of the Aquifer Parameters

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">In order to be able to be process GPS data, the GPS signal it has to pass the entire terrestrial atmosphere – both neutral atmosphere and ionosphere – which may cause an alteration of the GPS receiver to perform, resulting in large errors in the final position estimate. The dual frequency GPS receivers are affected by the influence of the atmosphere, especially by the troposphere. To estimate the delay caused by the troposphere and to obtain a high degree of accuracy, mapping function has to be used in the estimation process, which opens the door for remote sensing the atmosphere.Because the wet component from the hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic part, is only 10% of the total neutral atmospheric part, its influence is considerate significant in the application of high-precision positioning in which GPS receivers are employed. The article presents the determination of the precipitable water vapor using relative using four permanent GPS stations. The estimation were done by using the Global Mapping Function - GMF and the apriori pressure and temperature from the GPT2 model.</abstract>

lecturer Ph.D. eng. – University of Oradea

Determination of Zenith Tropospheric Delay and Precipitable Water Vapor using GPS Technology

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The article presents a comparative study between the simplified method calculation proposed by the prescriptions of design codes and the analysis with the FEM program LUSAS [1], regarding the influence of the curvature of the track axis at railway bridges with steel beams embedded in concrete.The study was made on three simply supported bridges with the openings chosen so as to cover the openings used for this constructive solution, namely 10m ≤L≤30m. For each analysed opening the curve radius of the track axis was varied, in the domain in which are representative as effects, namely 100<italic>m</italic> ≤<italic>R</italic>≤1500<italic>m</italic>. In the case of Lusas FEM analysis, a physically nonlinear analysis it was previously carried out, after which the cracked concrete was removed, as its participation in the structural stiffness is practically non-existent.Studying the outcomes revealed by the two calculations presented, it can be concluded that the simplified method proposed by the design codes leads to a overvaluation of the track axis curvature influence at the railway filler-beam deck bridges.</abstract>

The Influence of the Track Axis Curvature at Railway Filler-Beam Deck Bridges

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Modelling in Civil Environmental Engineering

The roots of the Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest (UTCB) go back in 1818 in the school of engineering concerning surveying and geodesy. In 1864 it became the "School of Bridges and Roads, Mines and Architecture", and from 1867 the "School of Bridges, Roads and Mines" and "the National School for Bridges and Roads" in 1888. In 1921, the "National School of Bridges and Roads" became the "Polytechnic School of Bucharest", where the civil engineers' training was carried out in the Civil Engineering Department which, in 1938, came to be known as the Faculty of Civil Engineering.  In 1948, due to the large development of the construction sector in Romania, an important part of the Polytechnic School was separated as the Civil Engineering Institute, including not only the Faculty of Civil Engineering, but also parts of other specializations related to constructions, as building services engineering, mechanical engineering for constructions, hydrotechnical engineering, roads, bridges, and railways construction or geodesy.  Starting from 1994, the Civil Engineering Institute became the Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest (UTCB).  The scientific results were published internally in the university scientific bulletin. Since 2005, the scientific bulletin of UTCB became the Mathematical Modelling in Civil Engineering journal.  The journal serves the Civil and Environmental Engineering community and our societies, aiming to effectively contribute to the development, innovation and progress in the field. Our journal publishes papers that present the state-of the-art results from research and practice.  Starting with 2021, the journal Mathematical Modelling in Civil Engineering expands its research fields and thus becomes: Modelling in Civil and Environmental Engineering, with a new ISSN: 2784-1391.  The journal Modelling in Civil and Environmental Engineering covers a wide range of topics from Civil and Environmental Engineering field and is ready to publish high quality standards, state-of the-art, peer-reviewed papers, coming from the academic and research community, and industry as well. MCEE addresses both theoretical developments and practical applications related to Civil and Structural Engineering, Geotechnics and Environmental Science (Soil, Water and Air Pollution, Wastewater Treatment Engineering), Thermal Sciences and Engineering (Thermodynamics, Transport Phenomena, Building Heat &amp; Mass Transfer, HVAC &amp; R), Hydraulic and Wind Engineering, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering in the Built Environment, Automation in Constructions, Roads, Bridges and Railways Constructions, Surveying and Geodesy and any other topics related to constructions and the built environment.  To be acceptable for publication in the MCEE journal, a manuscript must address valuable and of significant interest scientific issues for the Civil Engineering community, free of evident commercial or private interest.  The authors are requested to make sure that appropriate research ethical standards are strictly followed in their work, when submitted to MCEE.　  The MCEE staff fully supports the authors during the entire evaluation process and is committed to ensure that the ethical standards, related to submittal, review, and publication of manuscripts, will be strictly followed.  Rejection rate   22%   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 