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Categoría del artículo: Research Article
Publicado en línea: 30 jun 2020
Páginas: 97 - 110
Recibido: 17 jun 2019
Aceptado: 30 sept 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2019-0034
Palabras clave
© 2020 Katarzyna Staszewska et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.
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Figure 3
![Results of displacement-controlled load tests on floating CSV (Combined Soil Stabilization with Vertical Columns) micropiles after Vermeer and Leoni [5].
s˙\dot s
is the penetration rate and a is its reference value.](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647378aa4e662f30ba53f7ef/j_sgem-2019-0034_fig_003.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250921%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250921T083803Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=4290d6bb6fea2b80d048a4c959e0d4d440f582fe4f15f8a6e334c6342b9bfcf6&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 4
![Results of the shallow foundation load test on dense sand after Briaud and Gibbens [8].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647378aa4e662f30ba53f7ef/j_sgem-2019-0034_fig_004.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250921%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250921T083803Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=4d1534ebd651a1a523a82a5c86331ec8e2b52581e1f6f347605c819e2b50f1a8&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 5

Figure 6
![Creep during primary consolidation according to hypotheses A and B after Degago [10].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647378aa4e662f30ba53f7ef/j_sgem-2019-0034_fig_006.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250921%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250921T083803Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=5c20ffbdc7c4f2aefb6fe2a24c6cc748f7658320b58f1aa816a774520b67f031&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 7
![System of isochrones describing the compressibility characteristics of soft soils after Bjerrum [13].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647378aa4e662f30ba53f7ef/j_sgem-2019-0034_fig_007.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250921%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250921T083803Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=24c180ae15a5559c9fa4fdd713582b36ca6c6c3d4f1089b92016df7c5369092e&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 8
![Instant and delayed deformations according to Bjerrum [13].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647378aa4e662f30ba53f7ef/j_sgem-2019-0034_fig_008.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250921%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250921T083803Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=2b8f377223b1cf9bb9550ebcdb7adf77324d0b39a1ede0a3c3273dcfedbd2a44&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 9
![Time- and stress-compressibility interrelationship after Mesri and Godlewski [15].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647378aa4e662f30ba53f7ef/j_sgem-2019-0034_fig_009.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250921%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250921T083803Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=00e5545bac15de308259ee7c64496712ce28ba37df4ab60e61cb75cce8d97709&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 10

Figure 11
![MCC model – the real yield surface known from high accuracy experiments, for example, [38, 43], is indicated with grey colour. MCS is the slope of the CSL [24].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647378aa4e662f30ba53f7ef/j_sgem-2019-0034_fig_011.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250921%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250921T083803Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=1e09b0bf5cfde6e9c654187dac7f2f9969148069eea4f3b08980dd1dc75b57c5&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
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Figure 13

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Figure 15

Figure 16
![The Leoni model [39].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647378aa4e662f30ba53f7ef/j_sgem-2019-0034_fig_016.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250921%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250921T083803Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=7bb02ce21bc5debc0e91ff3a3e6b7ac5f5dc41c30ed88e9053578154fb41b285&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 17
![The Sivasithamparam et al.'s model [41].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647378aa4e662f30ba53f7ef/j_sgem-2019-0034_fig_017.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250921%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250921T083803Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=3dbcaa9367576088294b6ab6256525429eab67693619d2c3a9dd0d0d3bd14f8c&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 18
![The Niemunis and Grandas-Tavera model [40]. MCSc and MCSe are the slopes of the CSL for triaxial compression and extension, respectively. MΩ denotes the slope of the CSL by the current Ω.](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647378aa4e662f30ba53f7ef/j_sgem-2019-0034_fig_018.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250921%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250921T083803Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=719d862a6a171ef8a8e8a0d25804b751325b6067969262d293fad9136e60ac1d&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)