Water Footprint of main crops in Austria / Wasser-Fußabdruck wichtiger Nutzpflanzen in Österreich
, und | 31. März 2017
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Article Category: Research Article
Online veröffentlicht: 31. März 2017
Seitenbereich: 1 - 15
Eingereicht: 16. Dez. 2016
Akzeptiert: 09. Feb. 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/boku-2017-0001
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© 2017 Sabina Thaler, Anne Gobin, Josef Eitzinger
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Water foodprint (WF) (green, blue and total) and ET of main crops depending on the three soil types in Marchfeld, (ET= actual evapotranspiration during the crop growing period)Tabelle 2. Wasser-Fußabdruck (WF) (grün, blau und Summe) und ET der wichtigsten Nutzpflanzen in Abhängigkeit der drei Bodenklassen in der Region Marchfeld, (ET= aktuelle Evapotranspiration während der Vegetationsperiode)
| Soil 1 | Green WF | Blue WF | Total WF | ET |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| m3/kg | m3/kg | m3/kg | mm | |
| Grain maize | 0.74 | 0.24 | 0.98 | 429.1 |
| Potatoes | 0.21 | 0.18 | 0.39 | 481.1 |
| Spring barley | 0.29 | 0.17 | 0.46 | 308.8 |
| Sugar beet | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.36 | 515.0 |
| Sunflower | 0.84 | 0.51 | 1.35 | 464.4 |
| Winter wheat | 0.49 | 0.29 | 0.78 | 588.6 |
| Grain maize | 0.58 | 0.17 | 0.75 | 469.2 |
| Potatoes | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.39 | 481.7 |
| Spring barley | 0.27 | 0.20 | 0.47 | 356.8 |
| Sugar beet | 0.21 | 0.15 | 0.36 | 512.3 |
| Sunflower | 0.93 | 0.35 | 1.28 | 434.2 |
| Winter wheat | 0.52 | 0.26 | 0.78 | 589.2 |
| Grain maize | 0.52 | 0.18 | 0.70 | 490.1 |
| Potatoes | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.39 | 482.3 |
| Spring barley | 0.27 | 0.20 | 0.47 | 359.5 |
| Sugar beet | 0.21 | 0.15 | 0.36 | 514.0 |
| Sunflower | 0.94 | 0.35 | 1.29 | 436.8 |
| Winter wheat | 0.53 | 0.26 | 0.79 | 589.9 |
Austrian green water footprint (WF) for spring barley and grain maize classified by annual mean temperature and precipitation sums for three soil types (means for 1992-2012)Tabelle 3. Österreichischer grüner Wasser-Fußabdruck (WF) für Sommergerste und Körnermais gruppiert nach jährlicher mittleren Temperatur und Niederschlagssumme für die drei Bodenklassen (Mittelwerte für 1992-2012)
| temperature (°C) | percentage of arable land area | spring barley | grain maize | precipitation (mm) | percentage of arable land area | spring barley | grain maize |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soil 1 | |||||||
| <5°C | 2.7% | 0.71 | 2.90 | >500 | 0.4% | 0.55 | 6.53 |
| 5°-6°C | 14.5% | 0.60 | 1.39 | 500-600 | 10.9% | 0.54 | 4.35 |
| 6°-7°C | 26.7% | 0.59 | 1.33 | 600-700 | 12.3% | 0.55 | 2.50 |
| 7°-8°C | 26% | 0.57 | 1.39 | 700-800 | 10.6% | 0.55 | 1.60 |
| 8°-9°C | 15.8% | 0.55 | 1.68 | 800-1000 | 35.6% | 0.57 | 1.39 |
| 9°-10°C | 11% | 0.56 | 4.64 | 1000-1250 | 15.3% | 0.61 | 1.32 |
| >10°C | 3.3% | 0.51 | 3.80 | <1250 | 14.9% | 0.65 | 1.33 |
| <5°C | 0.9% | 0.68 | 1.54 | >500 | 1.6% | 0.56 | 1.19 |
| 5°-6°C | 7% | 0.57 | 1.06 | 500-600 | 21.2% | 0.55 | 0.93 |
| 6°-7°C | 15.3% | 0.57 | 0.94 | 600-700 | 16.3% | 0.56 | 0.90 |
| 7°-8°C | 21.6% | 0.56 | 0.87 | 700-800 | 12.3% | 0.55 | 0.85 |
| 8°-9°C | 27.2% | 0.55 | 0.83 | 800-1000 | 27.2% | 0.56 | 0.89 |
| 9°-10°C | 22% | 0.57 | 1.00 | 1000-1250 | 11.5% | 0.57 | 0.94 |
| >10°C | 6% | 0.53 | 0.88 | <1250 | 9.9% | 0.59 | 1.01 |
| <5°C | 1.1% | 0.69 | 1.40 | >500 | 1.9% | 0.56 | 0.85 |
| 5°-6°C | 4.3% | 0.58 | 1.01 | 500-600 | 16.7% | 0.56 | 0.79 |
| 6°-7°C | 10.9% | 0.57 | 0.89 | 600-700 | 11.5% | 0.56 | 0.76 |
| 7°-8°C | 17.5% | 0.57 | 0.83 | 700-800 | 9.0% | 0.56 | 0.76 |
| 8°-9°C | 39.6% | 0.55 | 0.76 | 800-1000 | 36.6% | 0.56 | 0.80 |
| 9°-10°C | 23.0% | 0.58 | 0.82 | 1000-1250 | 16.9% | 0.57 | 0.87 |
| >10°C | 3.6% | 0.53 | 0.72 | <1250 | 7.5% | 0.59 | 0.94 |
Mean yield (t/ha) and Standard Deviation (SD) of the simulated crops in the Marchfeld plain from 1992-2012 for the three soil types under rainfed agricultureTabelle 1. Mittlerer Ertrag (t/ha) und Standardabweichung (SD) der simulierten Nutzpflanzen im Marchfeld von 1992-2012 für die drei Bodenklassen im Regenfeldbau
| grain maiz | potatoes | spring barley | sugar beet | sunflower | winter wheat | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soil 1 | Soil 2 | Soil 3 | Soil 1 | Soil 2 | Soil 3 | Soil 1 | Soil 2 | Soil 3 | Soil 1 | Soil 2 | Soil 3 | Soil 1 | Soil 2 | Soil 3 | Soil 1 | Soil 2 | Soil 3 | |
| Mean | 2.5 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 7.5 | 10.3 | 11.0 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 4.6 | 4.8 |
| SD | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 3.3 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |