<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>Mast cell tumours (MCTs) arise in the dermis and subcutaneous tissues in animals and humans and are one of the most common neoplasms of the skin in dogs. Cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2R), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (p21) and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) are potential targets for novel anti-tumour therapeutic strategies. This study evaluated by immunohistochemical means the reactivity of p21, MMP-1 and CB2R proteins in association with a three-tier grading system in cutaneous canine MCTs.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Material and Methods</h3>
<p>Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded canine MCTs were processed for histochemical analysis and immunohistochemical staining using antibodies against p21, MMP-1 and CB2R. The results were analysed statistically.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>The strongest p21 immunolabelling was detected in grade 3 MCTs, while grade 1 tumours showed mild or no detectable p21 immunoreactivity (P-value &lt; 0.001). Strong immunolabelling of MMP-1 was the most common in grade 1 tumours (P-value &lt; 0.001) and CB2R was significantly less frequent in grade 3 tumours than in grade 1 (P-value &lt; 0.001) and grade 2 (P-value &lt; 0.001).</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>High immunoreactivity of MMP-1 can be a marker of grade 1 MCTs in dogs, whereas p21 protein overexpression can be a marker of grade 3 canine MCTs. Strong CB2R immunoreactivity with simultaneous underexpression of p21 and high immunoreactivity of MMP-1 proteins may indicate that the use of cannabinoids in grade 1 MCTs in dogs is practicable.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
Mast cell tumours (MCTs) arise in the dermis and subcutaneous tissues in animals and humans and are one of the most common neoplasms of the skin in dogs. Cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2R), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (p21) and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) are potential targets for novel anti-tumour therapeutic strategies. This study evaluated by immunohistochemical means the reactivity of p21, MMP-1 and CB2R proteins in association with a three-tier grading system in cutaneous canine MCTs.


Material and Methods
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded canine MCTs were processed for histochemical analysis and immunohistochemical staining using antibodies against p21, MMP-1 and CB2R. The results were analysed statistically.


Results
The strongest p21 immunolabelling was detected in grade 3 MCTs, while grade 1 tumours showed mild or no detectable p21 immunoreactivity (P-value < 0.001). Strong immunolabelling of MMP-1 was the most common in grade 1 tumours (P-value < 0.001) and CB2R was significantly less frequent in grade 3 tumours than in grade 1 (P-value < 0.001) and grade 2 (P-value < 0.001).


Conclusion
High immunoreactivity of MMP-1 can be a marker of grade 1 MCTs in dogs, whereas p21 protein overexpression can be a marker of grade 3 canine MCTs. Strong CB2R immunoreactivity with simultaneous underexpression of p21 and high immunoreactivity of MMP-1 proteins may indicate that the use of cannabinoids in grade 1 MCTs in dogs is practicable.

Immunoreactivity of p21, MMP-1 and CB2 receptor proteins in cutaneous canine mast cell tumours: an association with the three-tier grading system

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction
Mast cell tumours (MCTs) arise in the dermis and subcutaneous tissues in animals and humans and are one of the most common neoplasms of the skin...

Immunoreactivity of p21, MMP-1 and CB2 receptor proteins in cutaneous canine mast cell tumours: an association with the three-tier grading system

Published Online: Dec 19, 2023

Page range: 611 - 618

Received: Jul 22, 2023

Accepted: Nov 22, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0066

Keywords
mast cell tumour, MMP-1 protein, p21 protein, CB2 receptor protein, cannabinoid

© 2023 Kamila Bulak et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Immunoreactivity of p21, MMP-1 and CB2 receptor proteins in cutaneous canine mast cell tumours: an association with the three-tier grading system

Published Online: Dec 19, 2023

Page range: 611 - 618

Received: Jul 22, 2023

Accepted: Nov 22, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0066

Keywordsmast cell tumour, MMP-1 protein, p21 protein, CB2 receptor protein, cannabinoid

© 2023 Kamila Bulak et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
mast cell tumour, MMP-1 protein, p21 protein, CB2 receptor protein, cannabinoid