Open Access

Disorders in blood circulation as a probable cause of death in dogs infected with Babesia canis

Wojciech Zygner
Wojciech Zygner
, 
Anna Rodo
Anna Rodo
, 
Olga Gójska-Zygner
Olga Gójska-Zygner
, 
Paweł Górski
Paweł Górski
, 
Justyna Bartosik
Justyna Bartosik
 and 
Grzegorz Kotomski
Grzegorz Kotomski
   | Jul 05, 2021
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Published Online: Jul 05, 2021
Page range: 277 - 285
Received: Jan 18, 2021
Accepted: Jun 16, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2021-0036
Keywords
© 2021 W. Zygner et al. published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Pulmonary changes in dogs infected with B. canisA – Foamy exudate in the trachea of dog No. II; B – Pulmonary oedema in dog No. II; C – Pulmonary congestion and foci of emphysema in dog No. IV; D – Microphotograph of pulmonary oedema in dog No. VI, visible oedema fluid filling alveoli and dilatation of blood vessels (haematoxylin and eosin staining)
Pulmonary changes in dogs infected with B. canisA – Foamy exudate in the trachea of dog No. II; B – Pulmonary oedema in dog No. II; C – Pulmonary congestion and foci of emphysema in dog No. IV; D – Microphotograph of pulmonary oedema in dog No. VI, visible oedema fluid filling alveoli and dilatation of blood vessels (haematoxylin and eosin staining)

Fig. 2

Cardiac and renal changes in dogs infected with B. canisA – Hydropericardium observed in dog No. II; B – Necrosis of the myocardium, visible fragmentation of cardiomyocytes and inflammatory infiltration in dog No. VI (haematoxylin and eosin staining); C – Congested right kidney of dog No. IV; D – Congestion of renal cortex and tubular necrosis in dog No. I (haematoxylin and eosin staining)
Cardiac and renal changes in dogs infected with B. canisA – Hydropericardium observed in dog No. II; B – Necrosis of the myocardium, visible fragmentation of cardiomyocytes and inflammatory infiltration in dog No. VI (haematoxylin and eosin staining); C – Congested right kidney of dog No. IV; D – Congestion of renal cortex and tubular necrosis in dog No. I (haematoxylin and eosin staining)

Fig. 3

Changes in the alimentary system in dogs infected with B. canisA – Congestion and lipid degeneration of the liver with almost solid bile in the gallbladder in dog No. II; B – Microphotograph of liver congestion and lipid degeneration of hepatocytes in dog No. I (haematoxylin and eosin staining); C – Petechiae in the mucosal membrane of duodenum in dog No. IV; D – Congestion of the pancreas in dog No. IV
Changes in the alimentary system in dogs infected with B. canisA – Congestion and lipid degeneration of the liver with almost solid bile in the gallbladder in dog No. II; B – Microphotograph of liver congestion and lipid degeneration of hepatocytes in dog No. I (haematoxylin and eosin staining); C – Petechiae in the mucosal membrane of duodenum in dog No. IV; D – Congestion of the pancreas in dog No. IV

Fig. 4

Changes in the mesenteric lymph nodes and the brain in dogs infected with B. canisA – Congestion of the mesenteric lymph node in dog No. IV; B – Congestion of the brain and brain meninges in dog No. IV; C – Microphotograph of the brain, visible neuronal degeneration and necrosis, and neuronophagia in dog No. I (haematoxylin and eosin staining); D – Microphotograph of the brain, visible brain oedema and sequestration of B. canis-infected red blood cells in cerebral capillary vessels in dog No. IV (haematoxylin and eosin staining)
Changes in the mesenteric lymph nodes and the brain in dogs infected with B. canisA – Congestion of the mesenteric lymph node in dog No. IV; B – Congestion of the brain and brain meninges in dog No. IV; C – Microphotograph of the brain, visible neuronal degeneration and necrosis, and neuronophagia in dog No. I (haematoxylin and eosin staining); D – Microphotograph of the brain, visible brain oedema and sequestration of B. canis-infected red blood cells in cerebral capillary vessels in dog No. IV (haematoxylin and eosin staining)

Results of clinical examination, serum biochemical changes and haematological changes observed in six dogs infected with B. canis during the first visit to the clinic

Dog No. Description Basic serum biochemical changes Basic haematological changes Clinical signs
I Border collie, M, 1 y old ALT 64, AST 206, ALP 153, T. Bil. 1.24, Glu. 97, Creat. 2.1, Urea 204, T. Prot. 63, Alb. 26 RBC 5.97, Hb 8.76, Ht 0.39, WBC 3.40, Plt 48 Apathy, anorexia, diarrhoea, dehydration, pale mucosal membranes, normal body temperature, dark brown urine, DD 2 days
II Mixed breed, F, 8 y old ALT 127, AST 618, ALP 790, T. Bil. 6.25, Glu. 156, Creat. 14.2, Urea 393, T. Prot 54, Alb. 25 RBC 3.07, Hb 8.53, Ht 0.20, WBC 29.8, Plt 152 Apathy, anorexia, diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration, pale and yellow mucosal membranes, normal body temperature, oliguria (yellow urine), DD 3 days
III Mixed breed, M, 4 m old ALT 46, AST 117, ALP 124, T. Bil. 1,14, Glu. 72, Creat. 3.8, Urea 331, T. Prot. 41, Alb. 20 RBC 1.54, Hb 2.18, Ht 0.09, WBC 9.14, Plt 7 Apathy, anorexia, diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration, pale mucosal membranes, tachycardia, hyperventilation, vocalisation, normal body temperature, oliguria (dark brown urine), DD 1 day
IV St. Bernard, F, 7 y old ALT 49, AST 273, ALP 119, T. Bil. 0.9, Glu. 195, Creat. 5.1, Urea 264, T. Prot. 58, Alb. 26 RBC 6.56, Hb 9.56, Ht 0.42, WBC 6.7, Plt 41 Apathy, anorexia, diarrhoea, epileptic seizures, menace deficit and lack of PLRs in both eyes, tachycardia, hyperventilation, congestion of mucosal membranes, fever (40.2°C), haematuria, DD 2 days
V American Staffordshire terrier, M, 7 y old ALT 200, AST 103, ALP 1408, T. Bil. 8.7, Glu. 103, Creat. 3.8, Urea 277, T. Prot. 69, Alb. 30, RBC 4.34, Hb 5.59, Ht 0.30, WBC 11.0, Plt 133 Apathy, anorexia, vomiting, dehydration, yellow mucosal membranes, fever (39.5°C), oliguria (dark brown urine), DD 3 days
VI Siberian husky, F, 7 m old ALT 61, AST 116, ALP 198, T. Bil. 1.41, Glu. 105, Creat. 1.0, Urea 39, T. Prot. 55, Alb. 26 RBC 4.09, Hb 6.16, Ht 0.27, WBC 4.1, Plt 32 Apathy, anorexia, pale mucosal membranes, fever (40.0°C), dark brown urine, DD 1 day
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