Zearalenone Biodegradation by the Lactobacillus Spp. and Bacillus Spp. In Vitro

In this study, the biodegradation of zearalenone (ZEN) by cell suspensions of various Lactobacillus species (Lb. fermentum 2I3 (L1), Lb. reuteri L26 (L3), Lb. plantarum L81 (L4), Lb. reuteri 2/6 (L5), Lb. plantarum CCM 1904 (L6)), Bacillus subtilis CCM 2794 (Bs), and Bacillus licheniformis CCM 2206 (Bl); was investigated in vitro. All lactobacilli cell suspensions showed very good degradation efficiency (57.9—100 %) for zearalenone at the concentration 0.01 ppm. At higher concentrations of zearalenone, their biodegradation activity decreased significantly (0—13.9 %). Bacillus subtilis CCM 2794 was able to degrade zearalenone at concentrations of: 0.01 ppm (100 %), 0.1 ppm (74.5 %), and at higher concentrations of ZEN (1 ppm; 10 ppm), the degradation was 11.7 % and 0 %, respectively. For Bacillus licheniformis CCM 2206, no biodegradation of zearalenone was observed at the concentration of 10 ppm, but slight degradation (4.5—8.8 %) was found at lower zearalenone concentrations.