Note on the compatibility of ICOS, NEON, and TERN sampling designs, different camera setups for effective plant area index estimation with digital hemispherical photography
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Brown, L.A., Meier, C., Morris, H., Pastor-Guzman, J., Bai, G., Lerebourg, C., Gobron, N., Lanconelli, C., Clerici, M., Dash, J. 2020. Evaluation of global leaf area index and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation products over North America using Copernicus Ground Based Observations for Validation data. – Remote Sensing of Environment, 247, 111935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111935.BrownL.A.MeierC.MorrisH.Pastor-GuzmanJ.BaiG.LerebourgC.GobronN.LanconelliC.ClericiM.DashJ.2020Evaluation of global leaf area index and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation products over North America using Copernicus Ground Based Observations for Validation data247111935https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111935.Search in Google Scholar
Calders, K., Origo, N., Disney, M., Nightingale, J., Woodgate, W., Armston, J., Lewis, P. 2018. Variability and bias in active and passive ground-based measurements of effective plant, wood and leaf area index. – Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 252, 231–240.CaldersK.OrigoN.DisneyM.NightingaleJ.WoodgateW.ArmstonJ.LewisP.2018Variability and bias in active and passive ground-based measurements of effective plant, wood and leaf area index252231240Search in Google Scholar
Cescatti, A. 2007. Indirect estimates of canopy gap fraction based on the linear conversion of hemispherical photographs: Methodology and comparison with standard thresholding techniques. – Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 143, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.04.009.CescattiA.2007Indirect estimates of canopy gap fraction based on the linear conversion of hemispherical photographs: Methodology and comparison with standard thresholding techniques143112https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.04.009.Search in Google Scholar
Chen, J.M. 1996. Optically-based methods for measuring seasonal variation of leaf area index in boreal conifer stands. – Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 80(2–4), 135–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1923(95)02291-0.ChenJ.M.1996Optically-based methods for measuring seasonal variation of leaf area index in boreal conifer stands802–4135163https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1923(95)02291-0.Search in Google Scholar
Chen, J.M., Black, T.A. 1992. Defining leaf area index for non-flat leaves. – Plant, Cell & Environment, 15(4), 421–429. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1992.tb00992.x.ChenJ.M.BlackT.A.1992Defining leaf area index for non-flat leaves154421429https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1992.tb00992.x.Search in Google Scholar
Coffin, D. 2018. Decoding raw digital photos in Linux. [WWW document]. – URL https://www.dechifro.org/dcraw/. [Accessed 3 January 2023].CoffinD.2018[WWW document]. – URL https://www.dechifro.org/dcraw/. [Accessed 3 January 2023].Search in Google Scholar
Fang, H., Baret, F., Plummer, S., Schaepman-Strub, G. 2019. An overview of global leaf area index (LAI): Methods, products, validation, and applications. – Reviews of Geophysics, 57(3), 739–799. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018RG000608.FangH.BaretF.PlummerS.Schaepman-StrubG.2019An overview of global leaf area index (LAI): Methods, products, validation, and applications573739799https://doi.org/10.1029/2018RG000608.Search in Google Scholar
Fernandes, R., Plummer, S., Nightingale, J., Baret, F., Camacho, F., Fang, H., Garrigues, S., Gobron, N., Lang, M., Lacaze, R., LeBlanc, S., Meroni, M., Martinez, B., Nilson, T., Pinty, B., Pisek, J., Sonnentag, O., Verger, A., Welles, J., Weiss, M., Widlowski, J.L. 2014. Global leaf area index product validation good practices. Version 2.0. – Schaepman-Strub, G., Román, M., Nickeson, J. (eds.). Good Practices for Satellite-Derived Land Product Validation. Geneva, Switzerland, Land Product Validation Subgroup (WGCV/CEOS). 76 pp. https://lpvs.gsfc.nasa.gov/PDF/CEOS_LAI_PROTOCOL_Aug2014_v2.0.1.pdf.FernandesR.PlummerS.NightingaleJ.BaretF.CamachoF.FangH.GarriguesS.GobronN.LangM.LacazeR.LeBlancS.MeroniM.MartinezB.NilsonT.PintyB.PisekJ.SonnentagO.VergerA.WellesJ.WeissM.WidlowskiJ.L.2014Global leaf area index product validation good practices. Version 2.0Schaepman-StrubG.RománM.NickesonJ.(eds.).Geneva, SwitzerlandLand Product Validation Subgroup (WGCV/CEOS)76 pp. https://lpvs.gsfc.nasa.gov/PDF/CEOS_LAI_PROTOCOL_Aug2014_v2.0.1.pdf.Search in Google Scholar
GBOV. 2023. Ground-based observations for validation (GBOV) of Copernicus global land products. [WWW document]. – URL https://land.copernicus.eu/global/gbov. [Accessed 8 January 2023].GBOV2023[WWW document]. – URL https://land.copernicus.eu/global/gbov. [Accessed 8 January 2023].Search in Google Scholar
GCOS-138. 2010. Implementation plan for the global observing system for climate in support of the UNFCCC (2010 Update). WMO/TD-No. 1523. Geneva, Switzerland, GCOS Secretariat, World Meteorological Organization (WMO). 180 pp.GCOS-1382010WMO/TD-No. 1523Geneva, SwitzerlandGCOS Secretariat, World Meteorological Organization (WMO)180 pp.Search in Google Scholar
Gielen, B., Op de Beeck, M., Michilsens, F., Papale, D. 2017. ICOS ecosystem instructions for ancillary vegetation measurements in forest (version 20200330). ICOS Ecosystem Thematic Centre. [WWW document]. – URL https://doi.org/10.18160/4ajs-z4r9. [Accessed 10 January 2023].GielenB.Op de BeeckM.MichilsensF.PapaleD.2017ICOS Ecosystem Thematic Centre[WWW document]. – URL https://doi.org/10.18160/4ajs-z4r9. [Accessed 10 January 2023].Search in Google Scholar
ISO/CIE. 2004. ISO5469:2004(E)/CIE S 011/E:2003. Spatial distribution of daylight – CIE standard general sky. Geneva, Switzerland / Vienna, Austria, ISO and CIE. 7 pp.ISO/CIE2004ISO5469:2004(E)/CIE S 011/E:2003. Spatial distribution of daylightGeneva, Switzerland / Vienna, AustriaISO and CIE7 pp.Search in Google Scholar
Karan, M. 2015. Supersites vegetation monitoring protocols. TERN Australian SuperSite Network. Version 1.21. [WWW document]. – URL https://www.tern.org.au/wp-content/uploads/SuperSites_Vegetation_Monitoring_Protocols_Ver1.21.pdf. [Accessed 8 January 2023].KaranM.2015TERN Australian SuperSite Network. Version 1.21. [WWW document]. – URL https://www.tern.org.au/wp-content/uploads/SuperSites_Vegetation_Monitoring_Protocols_Ver1.21.pdf. [Accessed 8 January 2023].Search in Google Scholar
Kuusk, A., Kuusk, J., Lang, M. 2009. A dataset for the validation of reflectance models. – Remote Sensing of Environment, 113(5), 889–892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.01.005.KuuskA.KuuskJ.LangM.2009A dataset for the validation of reflectance models1135889892https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.01.005.Search in Google Scholar
Kuusk, A., Lang, M., Kuusk, J. 2013. Database of optical and structural data for the validation of forest radiative transfer models. – Light Scattering Reviews, 7, 109–148.KuuskA.LangM.KuuskJ.2013Database of optical and structural data for the validation of forest radiative transfer models7109148Search in Google Scholar
Lang, M., Kodar, A., Arumäe, T. 2013. Restoration of above canopy reference hemispherical image from below canopy measurements for plant area index estimation in forests. – Forestry Studies / Metsanduslikud Uurimused, 59, 13–27.LangM.KodarA.ArumäeT.2013Restoration of above canopy reference hemispherical image from below canopy measurements for plant area index estimation in forests591327Search in Google Scholar
Lang, M., Kuusk, A., Kaha, M., Pisek, J., George, J.-P., Kiviste, A., Laarmann, D., Türk, K., Arumäe, T. 2021. Changes during twelve years in three mature hemiboreal stands growing in a radiation model intercomparison test site, Järvselja, Estonia. – Forestry Studies / Metsanduslikud Uurimused, 74, 112–122.LangM.KuuskA.KahaM.PisekJ.GeorgeJ.-P.KivisteA.LaarmannD.TürkK.ArumäeT.2021Changes during twelve years in three mature hemiboreal stands growing in a radiation model intercomparison test site, Järvselja, Estonia74112122Search in Google Scholar
Lang, M., Kuusk, A., Mõttus, M., Rautiainen, M., Nilson, T. 2010. Canopy gap fraction estimation from digital hemispherical images using sky radiance models and a linear conversion method. – Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 150(1), 20–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.08.001.LangM.KuuskA.MõttusM.RautiainenM.NilsonT.2010Canopy gap fraction estimation from digital hemispherical images using sky radiance models and a linear conversion method15012029https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.08.001.Search in Google Scholar
Lang, M., Nilson, T., Kuusk, A., Pisek, J., Korhonen, L., Uri, V. 2017. Digital photography for tracking the phenology of an evergreen conifer stand. – Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 246, 15–21.LangM.NilsonT.KuuskA.PisekJ.KorhonenL.UriV.2017Digital photography for tracking the phenology of an evergreen conifer stand2461521Search in Google Scholar
Lang, M., Pisek, J. 2019. Tracking the long-term structure changes of a mature deciduous broadleaf forest stand using digital hemispherical photography. – Forestry Studies / Metsanduslikud Uurimused, 70, 80–87.LangM.PisekJ.2019Tracking the long-term structure changes of a mature deciduous broadleaf forest stand using digital hemispherical photography708087Search in Google Scholar
Liu, J., Li, L., Akerblom, M., Wang, T., Skidmore, A., Zhu, X., Heurich, M. 2021. Comparative evaluation of algorithms for leaf area index estimation from digital hemispherical photography through virtual forests. – Remote Sensing, 13(16), 3325. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163325.LiuJ.LiL.AkerblomM.WangT.SkidmoreA.ZhuX.HeurichM.2021Comparative evaluation of algorithms for leaf area index estimation from digital hemispherical photography through virtual forests13163325https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163325.Search in Google Scholar
Majasalmi, T., Rautiainen, M., Stenberg, P., Rita, H. 2012. Optimizing the sampling scheme for LAI-2000 measurements in a boreal forest. – Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 154–155, 38–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.10.002.MajasalmiT.RautiainenM.StenbergP.RitaH.2012Optimizing the sampling scheme for LAI-2000 measurements in a boreal forest154–1553843https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.10.002.Search in Google Scholar
Meier, C., Jones, K. 2018. TOS protocol and procedure: Measurement of leaf area index. [WWW document]. – URL https://data.neonscience.org/documents/10179/1883155/NEON.DOC.014039vM/94cd2218-598c-935f-829e-5003d7b25950. [Accessed 8 January 2023].MeierC.JonesK.2018[WWW document]. – URL https://data.neonscience.org/documents/10179/1883155/NEON.DOC.014039vM/94cd2218-598c-935f-829e-5003d7b25950. [Accessed 8 January 2023].Search in Google Scholar
Miller, J.B. 1967. A formula for average foliage density. – Australian Journal of Botany, 15(1), 141–144.MillerJ.B.1967A formula for average foliage density151141144Search in Google Scholar
Morisette, J.T., Baret, F., Privette, J.L., Myneni, R.B., Nickeson, J.E., Garrigues, S., Shabanov, N.V., Weiss, M., Fernandes, R.A., Leblanc, S.G., Kalacska, M., Sanchez-Azofeifa, G.A., Chubey, M., Rivard, B., Stenberg, P., Rautiainen, M., Voipio, P., Manninen, T., Pilant, A.N., Lewis, T.E., Iiames, J.S., Colombo, R., Meroni, M., Busetto, L., Cohen, W.B., Turner, D.P., Warner, E.D., Petersen, G.W., Seufert, G., Cook, R. 2006. Validation of global moderate-resolution LAI products: a framework proposed within the CEOS land product validation subgroup. – IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 44(7), 1804–1817. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2006.872529.MorisetteJ.T.BaretF.PrivetteJ.L.MyneniR.B.NickesonJ.E.GarriguesS.ShabanovN.V.WeissM.FernandesR.A.LeblancS.G.KalacskaM.Sanchez-AzofeifaG.A.ChubeyM.RivardB.StenbergP.RautiainenM.VoipioP.ManninenT.PilantA.N.LewisT.E.IiamesJ.S.ColomboR.MeroniM.BusettoL.CohenW.B.TurnerD.P.WarnerE.D.PetersenG.W.SeufertG.CookR.2006Validation of global moderate-resolution LAI products: a framework proposed within the CEOS land product validation subgroup44718041817https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2006.872529.Search in Google Scholar
Nackaerts, K., Coppin, P., Muys, B., Hermy, M. 2000. Sampling methodology for LAI measurements with LAI-2000 in small forest stands. – Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 101(4), 247–250.NackaertsK.CoppinP.MuysB.HermyM.2000Sampling methodology for LAI measurements with LAI-2000 in small forest stands1014247250Search in Google Scholar
Widlowski, J.-L., Mio, C., Disney, M., Adams, J., Andredakis, I., Atzberger, C., Brennan, J., Busetto, L., Chelle, M., Ceccherini, G., Colombo, R., Côté, J.-F., Eenmäe, A., Essery, R., Gastellu-Etchegorry, J.-P., Gobron, N., Grau, E., Haverd, V., Homolová, L., Huang, H., Hunt, L., Kobayashi, H., Koetz, B., Kuusk, A., Kuusk, J., Lang, M., Lewis, P.E., Lovell, J.L., Malenovský, Z., Meroni, M., Morsdorf, F., Mõttus, M., Ni-Meister, W., Pinty, B., Rautiainen, M., Schlerf, M., Somers, B., Stuckens, J., Verstraete, M.M., Yang, W., Zhao, F., Zenone, T. 2015. The fourth phase of the radiative transfer model intercomparison (RAMI) exercise: Actual canopy scenarios and conformity testing. – Remote Sensing of Environment, 169, 418–437.WidlowskiJ.-L.MioC.DisneyM.AdamsJ.AndredakisI.AtzbergerC.BrennanJ.BusettoL.ChelleM.CeccheriniG.ColomboR.CôtéJ.-F.EenmäeA.EsseryR.Gastellu-EtchegorryJ.-P.GobronN.GrauE.HaverdV.HomolováL.HuangH.HuntL.KobayashiH.KoetzB.KuuskA.KuuskJ.LangM.LewisP.E.LovellJ.L.MalenovskýZ.MeroniM.MorsdorfF.MõttusM.Ni-MeisterW.PintyB.RautiainenM.SchlerfM.SomersB.StuckensJ.VerstraeteM.M.YangW.ZhaoF.ZenoneT.2015The fourth phase of the radiative transfer model intercomparison (RAMI) exercise: Actual canopy scenarios and conformity testing169418437Search in Google Scholar
Zou, J., Hou, W., Chen, L., Wang, Q., Zhong, P., Zuo, Y., Luo, S., Leng, P. 2020. Evaluating the impact of sampling schemes on leaf area index measurements from digital hemispherical photography in Larix principis-rupprechtii forest plots. – Forest Ecosystems, 7, 52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40663-020-00262-z.ZouJ.HouW.ChenL.WangQ.ZhongP.ZuoY.LuoS.LengP.2020Evaluating the impact of sampling schemes on leaf area index measurements from digital hemispherical photography in Larix principis-rupprechtii forest plots752https://doi.org/10.1186/s40663-020-00262-z.Search in Google Scholar