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Efficacy of in-house clear aligner therapy mechanics on root torque: an in-vitro study

Rüveyda Doğrugören

Rüveyda Doğrugören

Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health SciencesAnkara, Türkiye
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Doğrugören, Rüveyda
, 
Kübra Gülnur Topsakal

Kübra Gülnur Topsakal

Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health SciencesAnkara, Türkiye
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Topsakal, Kübra Gülnur
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Gökhan Serhat Duran

Gökhan Serhat Duran

Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health SciencesAnkara, Türkiye
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Duran, Gökhan Serhat
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Berat Serdar Akdenizv

Berat Serdar Akdenizv

Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health SciencesAnkara, Türkiye
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Akdenizv, Berat Serdar
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Serkan Görgülü

Serkan Görgülü

Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health SciencesAnkara, Türkiye
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Görgülü, Serkan
  
Mar 20, 2024
Efficacy of in-house clear aligner therapy mechanics on root torque: an in-vitro study's Cover Image
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Published Online: Mar 20, 2024
Page range: 13 - 24
Received: Dec 01, 2023
Accepted: Jan 01, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2024-0003
Keywords
© 2024 Rüveyda Doğrugören et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

A, Angle created for measuring torque movement using GOM Inspect Professional software (GOM, 2018, Braunschweig, Germany). B, Angle created for measuring tipping movement. C, Angle created for measuring rotation movement.
A, Angle created for measuring torque movement using GOM Inspect Professional software (GOM, 2018, Braunschweig, Germany). B, Angle created for measuring tipping movement. C, Angle created for measuring rotation movement.

Figure 2.

The flow chart of the study.
The flow chart of the study.

Figure 3.

Column chart showing the effectiveness of torque movement at different degrees. A, Distribution of torque values in lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type. B, Distribution of torque values in canine teeth based on degree and mechanism type. C, Distribution of torque values in central incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type.
Column chart showing the effectiveness of torque movement at different degrees. A, Distribution of torque values in lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type. B, Distribution of torque values in canine teeth based on degree and mechanism type. C, Distribution of torque values in central incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type.

Figure 4.

The table presents side effects resulting from applying torque movement at different degrees to the lateral incisor teeth. A, Distribution of rotation values in the lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type. B, Distribution of tipping values in the lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type.
The table presents side effects resulting from applying torque movement at different degrees to the lateral incisor teeth. A, Distribution of rotation values in the lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type. B, Distribution of tipping values in the lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type.

Figure 5.

Examples of buccal and palatal interferences in models with 5° torque movement. A-B, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the group without attachments. C-D, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the buccal power ridge group. E-F, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the buccal and palatal power ridge group. G-H, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the horizontal ellipsoid attachment group. I-J, Image of interference in the vertical ellipsoid attachment group.
Examples of buccal and palatal interferences in models with 5° torque movement. A-B, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the group without attachments. C-D, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the buccal power ridge group. E-F, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the buccal and palatal power ridge group. G-H, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the horizontal ellipsoid attachment group. I-J, Image of interference in the vertical ellipsoid attachment group.
Schematic view of the created experimental setup.
Schematic view of the created experimental setup.

Descriptive statistics and post hoc comparisons of torque values (degree) of the lateral incisor teeth

1° 2° 3° 4° 5°
Group Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD p*
Control 1.14 ± 0.85 1.66 ± 0.82 1.42 ± 0.74 1.32 ± 0.62 1.49 ± 0.42ab 0.852
Buccal Power Ridge 1.40 ± 1.12 1.34 ± 1.02 1.32 ± 1.07 0.98 ± 0.53 1.07 ± 0.56a 0.963
Buccal and PalatalPower Ridge 0.83 ± 0.40A 1.16 ± 0.71AB 1.49 ± 0.81AB 2.04 ± 0.85AB 2.15 ± 0.40Bb 0.004*
Vertical Ellipsoid 1.22 ± 0.74 1.43 ± 0.76 1.33 ± 1.18 1.31 ± 0.80 1.59 ± 0.64ab 0.644
Horizontal Ellipsoid 0.79 ± 0.70 1.25 ± 0.71 1.88 ± 1.12 1.56 ± 1.15 2.08 ± 0.96ab 0.072
p 0.591 0.732 0.626 0.145 0.017*

Descriptive statistics and post hoc comparisons of effected torque values of the canine teeth

1° 2° 3° 4° 5°
Group Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD p*
No Attachment 1.23 ± 0.69 2.12 ± 0.95abc 1.64 ± 1.37 0.99 ± 0.60 1.78 ± 1.25 0.209
Buccal Power Ridge 1.20 ± 0.50A 3.69 ± 1.43Ba 2.88 ± 1.56AB 1.86 ± 1.26AB 3.10 ± 3.05AB 0.015*
Buccal and PalatalPower Ridge 1.78 ± 0.92 0.94 ± 0.57b 1.04 ± 0.62 1.76 ± 1.90 1.21 ± 1.15 0.506
Vertical Ellipsoid 0.90 ± 0.62 1.83 ± 1.34abc 0.85 ± 0.76 1.86 ± 1.78 1.33 ± 1.31 0.278
Horizontal Ellipsoid 1.52 ± 1.00 1.24 ± 0.63c 1.57 ± 0.89 1.10 ± 0.77 1.51 ± 1.30 0.870
p 0.297 <0.001* 0.034 0.698 0.324

Descriptive statistics and post hoc comparisons of effected torque values of the central incisor teeth

1° 2° 3° 4° 5°
Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD p*
No Attachment 2.00 ± 1.11 1.36 ± 0.92 1.24 ± 0.95 1.23 ± 0.80 1.24 ± 1.08 0.630
Buccal Power Ridge 1.14 ± 0.67 1.27 ± 1.31 0.94 ± 0.67 1.80 ± 1.11 1.24 ± 0.73 0.486
Buccal and PalatalPower Ridge 0.91 ± 0.86 1.20 ± 0.88 1.15 ± 0.62 0.94 ± 0.48 0.99 ± 0.51 0.868
Vertical Ellipsoid 1.21 ± 0.89 1.18 ± 1.13 1.16 ± 0.95 1.37 ± 0.74 1.12 ± 0.65 0.916
Horizontal Ellipsoid 1.05 ± 0.65 0.89 ± 0.49 0.84 ± 0.77 0.93 ± 0.87 0.87 ± 0.45 0.903
p 0.175 0.870 0.885 0.278 0.896
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