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Efficacy of in-house clear aligner therapy mechanics on root torque: an in-vitro study

Rüveyda Doğrugören
Rüveyda Doğrugören
, 
Kübra Gülnur Topsakal
Kübra Gülnur Topsakal
, 
Gökhan Serhat Duran
Gökhan Serhat Duran
, 
Berat Serdar Akdenizv
Berat Serdar Akdenizv
 et 
Serkan Görgülü
Serkan Görgülü
   | 20 mars 2024
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Publié en ligne: 20 mars 2024
Pages: 13 - 24
Reçu: 01 déc. 2023
Accepté: 01 janv. 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2024-0003
© 2024 Rüveyda Doğrugören et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

A, Angle created for measuring torque movement using GOM Inspect Professional software (GOM, 2018, Braunschweig, Germany). B, Angle created for measuring tipping movement. C, Angle created for measuring rotation movement.
A, Angle created for measuring torque movement using GOM Inspect Professional software (GOM, 2018, Braunschweig, Germany). B, Angle created for measuring tipping movement. C, Angle created for measuring rotation movement.

Figure 2.

The flow chart of the study.
The flow chart of the study.

Figure 3.

Column chart showing the effectiveness of torque movement at different degrees. A, Distribution of torque values in lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type. B, Distribution of torque values in canine teeth based on degree and mechanism type. C, Distribution of torque values in central incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type.
Column chart showing the effectiveness of torque movement at different degrees. A, Distribution of torque values in lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type. B, Distribution of torque values in canine teeth based on degree and mechanism type. C, Distribution of torque values in central incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type.

Figure 4.

The table presents side effects resulting from applying torque movement at different degrees to the lateral incisor teeth. A, Distribution of rotation values in the lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type. B, Distribution of tipping values in the lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type.
The table presents side effects resulting from applying torque movement at different degrees to the lateral incisor teeth. A, Distribution of rotation values in the lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type. B, Distribution of tipping values in the lateral incisor teeth based on degree and mechanism type.

Figure 5.

Examples of buccal and palatal interferences in models with 5° torque movement. A-B, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the group without attachments. C-D, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the buccal power ridge group. E-F, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the buccal and palatal power ridge group. G-H, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the horizontal ellipsoid attachment group. I-J, Image of interference in the vertical ellipsoid attachment group.
Examples of buccal and palatal interferences in models with 5° torque movement. A-B, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the group without attachments. C-D, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the buccal power ridge group. E-F, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the buccal and palatal power ridge group. G-H, Image of buccal and palatal interference in the horizontal ellipsoid attachment group. I-J, Image of interference in the vertical ellipsoid attachment group.

Schematic view of the created experimental setup.
Schematic view of the created experimental setup.

Descriptive statistics and post hoc comparisons of torque values (degree) of the lateral incisor teeth

1° 2° 3° 4° 5°
Group Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD p*
Control 1.14 ± 0.85 1.66 ± 0.82 1.42 ± 0.74 1.32 ± 0.62 1.49 ± 0.42ab 0.852
Buccal Power Ridge 1.40 ± 1.12 1.34 ± 1.02 1.32 ± 1.07 0.98 ± 0.53 1.07 ± 0.56a 0.963
Buccal and PalatalPower Ridge 0.83 ± 0.40A 1.16 ± 0.71AB 1.49 ± 0.81AB 2.04 ± 0.85AB 2.15 ± 0.40Bb 0.004*
Vertical Ellipsoid 1.22 ± 0.74 1.43 ± 0.76 1.33 ± 1.18 1.31 ± 0.80 1.59 ± 0.64ab 0.644
Horizontal Ellipsoid 0.79 ± 0.70 1.25 ± 0.71 1.88 ± 1.12 1.56 ± 1.15 2.08 ± 0.96ab 0.072
p 0.591 0.732 0.626 0.145 0.017*

Descriptive statistics and post hoc comparisons of effected torque values of the canine teeth

1° 2° 3° 4° 5°
Group Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD p*
No Attachment 1.23 ± 0.69 2.12 ± 0.95abc 1.64 ± 1.37 0.99 ± 0.60 1.78 ± 1.25 0.209
Buccal Power Ridge 1.20 ± 0.50A 3.69 ± 1.43Ba 2.88 ± 1.56AB 1.86 ± 1.26AB 3.10 ± 3.05AB 0.015*
Buccal and PalatalPower Ridge 1.78 ± 0.92 0.94 ± 0.57b 1.04 ± 0.62 1.76 ± 1.90 1.21 ± 1.15 0.506
Vertical Ellipsoid 0.90 ± 0.62 1.83 ± 1.34abc 0.85 ± 0.76 1.86 ± 1.78 1.33 ± 1.31 0.278
Horizontal Ellipsoid 1.52 ± 1.00 1.24 ± 0.63c 1.57 ± 0.89 1.10 ± 0.77 1.51 ± 1.30 0.870
p 0.297 <0.001* 0.034 0.698 0.324

Descriptive statistics and post hoc comparisons of effected torque values of the central incisor teeth

1° 2° 3° 4° 5°
Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD p*
No Attachment 2.00 ± 1.11 1.36 ± 0.92 1.24 ± 0.95 1.23 ± 0.80 1.24 ± 1.08 0.630
Buccal Power Ridge 1.14 ± 0.67 1.27 ± 1.31 0.94 ± 0.67 1.80 ± 1.11 1.24 ± 0.73 0.486
Buccal and PalatalPower Ridge 0.91 ± 0.86 1.20 ± 0.88 1.15 ± 0.62 0.94 ± 0.48 0.99 ± 0.51 0.868
Vertical Ellipsoid 1.21 ± 0.89 1.18 ± 1.13 1.16 ± 0.95 1.37 ± 0.74 1.12 ± 0.65 0.916
Horizontal Ellipsoid 1.05 ± 0.65 0.89 ± 0.49 0.84 ± 0.77 0.93 ± 0.87 0.87 ± 0.45 0.903
p 0.175 0.870 0.885 0.278 0.896
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Medicine, Basic Medical Science, other
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