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Different damaging effects of volatile anaesthetics alone or in combination with 1 and 2 Gy gamma-irradiation in vivo on mouse liver DNA: a preliminary study

Vesna Benković

Vesna Benković

University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Department of BiologyZagreb, Croatia
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Benković, Vesna
, 
Mirta Milić

Mirta Milić

Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis UnitZagreb, Croatia
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Milić, Mirta
, 
Nada Oršolić

Nada Oršolić

University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Department of BiologyZagreb, Croatia
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Oršolić, Nada
, 
Anica Horvat Knežević

Anica Horvat Knežević

University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Department of BiologyZagreb, Croatia
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Knežević, Anica Horvat
, 
Gordana Brozović

Gordana Brozović

  • Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital, Clinic for Tumours, Department of Anaesthesiology, Reanimatology, and Intensive CareZagreb, Croatia
  • University of Osijek Faculty of Dental Medicine and HealthOsijek, Croatia
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Brozović, Gordana
 and 
Nikola Borojević

Nikola Borojević

National Health Service Foundation Trust, Warrington and Halton Teaching HospitalsWarrington, United Kingdom
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Borojević, Nikola
  
Apr 04, 2023
Different damaging effects of volatile anaesthetics alone or in combination with 1 and 2 Gy gamma-irradiation in vivo on mouse liver DNA: a preliminary study's Cover Image
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Article Category: Original article
Published Online: Apr 04, 2023
Page range: 22 - 33
Received: Nov 01, 2022
Accepted: Mar 01, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3692
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© 2023 Vesna Benković et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Scheme of the experiment. Male Swiss albino mice (n=240) were divided into 12 groups (control; 1 or 2 Gy irradiated; exposed to only halothane, sevoflurane or isoflurane; exposed to a combination of 1 or 2 Gy and either halothane, sevoflurane or isoflurane) and further each group was divided into 4 subgroups (according to the liver sampling time after the exposure- 0, 2, 6 and 24 hours) with 5 animals in each subgroup. Alkaline Comet assay was used for DNA damage and cellular repair index assessment
Scheme of the experiment. Male Swiss albino mice (n=240) were divided into 12 groups (control; 1 or 2 Gy irradiated; exposed to only halothane, sevoflurane or isoflurane; exposed to a combination of 1 or 2 Gy and either halothane, sevoflurane or isoflurane) and further each group was divided into 4 subgroups (according to the liver sampling time after the exposure- 0, 2, 6 and 24 hours) with 5 animals in each subgroup. Alkaline Comet assay was used for DNA damage and cellular repair index assessment

Figure 2a

Tail length values in liver cells of non-irradiated male Swiss albino mice anaesthetised solely with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. C-control. Samples were compared to control 0 h (C 0h), statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)
Tail length values in liver cells of non-irradiated male Swiss albino mice anaesthetised solely with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. C-control. Samples were compared to control 0 h (C 0h), statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)

Figure 2b

Tail intensity values in liver cells of non-irradiated male Swiss albino mice anaesthetised solely with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. C-control. Samples were compared to control 0 h (C 0h), statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)
Tail intensity values in liver cells of non-irradiated male Swiss albino mice anaesthetised solely with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. C-control. Samples were compared to control 0 h (C 0h), statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)

Figure 2c

Tail moment values in liver cells of non-irradiated male Swiss albino mice anaesthetised solely with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. C-control. Samples were compared to control 0 h (C 0h), statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)
Tail moment values in liver cells of non-irradiated male Swiss albino mice anaesthetised solely with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. C-control. Samples were compared to control 0 h (C 0h), statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)

Figure 3a

Tail length values in liver cells of 1 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 1 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)
Tail length values in liver cells of 1 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 1 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)

Figure 3b

Tail intensity values in liver cells of 1 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 1 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)
Tail intensity values in liver cells of 1 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 1 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)

Figure 3c

Tail moment values in liver cells of 1 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 1 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)
Tail moment values in liver cells of 1 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 1 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)

Figure 4a

Tail length values in liver cells of 2 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 2 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range).
Tail length values in liver cells of 2 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 2 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range).

Figure 4b

Tail intensity values in liver cells of 2 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 2 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)
Tail intensity values in liver cells of 2 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 2 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle), and standard deviation (SD, range)

Figure 4c

Tail moment values in liver cells of 2 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 2 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle) and standard deviation (SD, range)
Tail moment values in liver cells of 2 Gy irradiated male Swiss albino mice previously anaesthetised with halothane (H), sevoflurane (S) or isoflurane (I). Samples taken immediately after (0 h), 2, 6 or 24 h after treatment were analysed from five animals per group for 200 comets. Samples were compared to 2 Gy 0 h, statistical differences (*) were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The values represented here are mean (square), median (triangle) and standard deviation (SD, range)

Figure 5

CRI index (percentage of repair) for tail length (TL) and tail intensity (TI) parameter measured in liver cells of mice for 24 hours. 0 h-immediately after, 2 h, 6 h and 24 h after combined exposure to anaesthetics and: 1 Gy (A, B) or 2 Gy (C, D) γ-irradiation (60Co). H-halothane, S-sevoflurane, I-isoflurane
CRI index (percentage of repair) for tail length (TL) and tail intensity (TI) parameter measured in liver cells of mice for 24 hours. 0 h-immediately after, 2 h, 6 h and 24 h after combined exposure to anaesthetics and: 1 Gy (A, B) or 2 Gy (C, D) γ-irradiation (60Co). H-halothane, S-sevoflurane, I-isoflurane
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