<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Item Response Theory (IRT) is an extension of the Classical Test Theory (CCT) and focuses on how specific test items function in assessing a construct. They are widely known in psychology, medicine, and marketing, as well as in social sciences. An item response model specifies a relationship between the observable examinee test performance and the unobservable traits or abilities assumed to underlie performance on the test. Within the broad framework of item response theory, many models can be operationalized because of the large number of choices available for the mathematical form of the item characteristic curves. In this paper we introduce several types of IRT models such as: the Rasch, and the Birnbaum model. We present the main assumptions for IRT analysis, estimation method, properties, and model selection methods. In this paper we present the application of IRT analysis for binary data with the use of the ltm package in R.</abstract>

Item Response Theory Models in the Measurement Theory with the Use of ltm Package in R

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Burnout has serious consequences both for individuals and the organizations they work in. The issue generates interest among psychologist and management professionals and - according to the subject literature - there is a growing demand for helping those professional groups who face the risk of experiencing the negative effects of an exhausting working life. The aim of this paper is to characterize the phenomenon of burnout in Poland in the selected professional groups. The primary research was conducted on June and July 2017 on the group of 153 people working in the following areas: healthcare, education, higher education. Two types of questionnaire were used for the purpose of this research. The first was an LBQ Burnout Questionnaire, which is an adaptation of an Italian Link Burnout Questionnaire. The other questionnaire was originally devised by the authors to assess the perception of the phenomenon among Polish employees. The article presents the results concerning all the methods used during research and compared the results of the LBQ and the original questionnaire.</abstract>

Burnout and Its Correlates − An Empirical Study Conducted Among Education, Higher Education and Health Care Professionals

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Market basket analysis, which is a method of discovering co-occurrence relationships, is widely used for the purposes of marketing research and e-commerce, mainly by supermarkets and online stores. Moving beyond the traditional notion of a market basket understood as a fixed list of products, the technique can be applied for data mining in other fields of research which do not involve traditional transactions and purchases made by customers. The following article describes theoretical aspects of market basket analysis with an illustrative application based on data from the National Census of Population and Housing 2011 with respect to marital status. This is the first application of market basket analysis to census data to be conducted in Poland, in which attributes of the market basket have been replaced with respondents’ demographic characteristics. This approach makes it possible to identify relationships between legal (de jure) marital status and actual (de facto) marital status, taking into account other basic socio-demographic variables available in large datasets. Using the R software to generate choropleth maps classified by province as a method of visualizing association rules, it was possible to conduct a spatial analysis of the phenomenon of interest.</abstract>

Applying Market Basket Analysis to Official Statistical Data

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> The purpose of the publication is to indicate the need for a well thought-out combination of quantitative marketing research with qualitative research. The result of this research approach should be a fuller understanding of the research problem and the ability to interpret results more closely, while maintaining the reliability of the whole research process. In the theoretical part of the article, the essence of quantitative and qualitative research, with particular emphasis on the limitations and strengths of both research approaches, is presented. The increasing popularity of qualitative research does not absolve researchers from the prudent attitude towards the whole marketing research process − including the need to verify hypotheses or research questions. Excessive simplification in the approach to qualitative research can distort the essence of marketing research. In the empirical part of the article, the authors presented an example of combining quantitative marketing research with qualitative research − for this purpose, the results of their research will be used (scientific grant from National Science Centre). The CAPI technique (n = 1103) was used in the quantitative study, and observation diaries (n = 110) were used for qualitative research.</abstract>

Synergy of Quantitative and Qualitative Marketing Research − Capi and Observation Diary

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> This paper analyzes consumer demand using a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS), which is an extension of an Almost Ideal Demand System (a complete demand system). Complete demand system models can be used to find the relationships that are impossible to discover using single-equation models. Additionally, the QUAIDS model can be used to model a nonlinear Engel curve. The research was based on household microeconomic data collected by GUS (the Polish Central Statistical Office) in the period 1999-2015. The complete demand model has been extended by demographic variable. The results show that the QUAIDS model does not reduce to the AIDS model and is an adequate tool to analyze consumer demand.</abstract>

Elasticity of Consumer Demand: Estimation Using a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> The article analyzes employment in the financial sector and entities conducting financial, insurance or other activities. The aim of this study is to examine employment in the financial sector at the level of provinces and registered entities of this sector using multidimensional methods of statistical analysis. The results of the classification indicate the geographical division of the country in terms of the number of financial and insurance companies. However, the high slope of the directional coefficient means a very strong, growing tendency for the Mazowieckie voivodship, characterized by a much slower trend for the Dolnośląskie, Pomorskie and Śląskie voivodships. In fact, for most of the provinces, trends indicate a statistically significant, negative development trend for the analyzed phenomenon from 2005-2016.</abstract>

Employment and Economic Entities in the Polish Financial Sector From 2005–2016

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Default risk assessment is crucial in the banking activity. Different models were developed in the literature using the discriminant analysis, logistic regression and data mining techniques. In this paper the logistic regression was applied to verify models proposed by R. Jagiełło for different sectors. As an alternative, the logistic regression model with the nominal variable SECTOR was applied on the pooled sample of enterprises. The dynamic approach using the Cox regression survival model was estimated. Including the nominal variable SECTOR only slightly increases the predictive power of the model (in the case of “defaults”). The predictive power of the Cox regression model is lower, the only advantage is the higher accuracy classification in the case of “defaulted” enterprises.</abstract>

Statistical Models in Enterprises Default Risk Assessment – an Example of Application

AHEAD OF PRINT

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Econometrics

 The Econometrics journal has been published continuously since 1998. Starting from the first issue, Józef Dziechciarz has been an Editor-in-Chief of the journal. Until 2011, the journal was issued in the series of Academic Research Papers at the Wrocław University of Economics as Econometrics. Applications of quantitative methods. Since 2009, four issues have been published annually. It enables the introduction of regular quarterly release cycle. The Econometrics is published in English. The Scientific Council of our journal also includes professors affiliated with foreign institutions. The list of scientific reviewers includes eminent scientists from both home and abroad. Among the authors of the publications are both scientists from Polish academia, as well as many scientists from foreign universities. High level of scientific works, our confidence and insightful comments from reviewers contribute to the publication of valuable articles and dissemination of national scientific achievements. Until the end of 2017, fifty eight issues of the journal were published.  The subject area of the published articles covers theoretical and practical aspects of the methods of econometrics, statistics and mathematics. The domain of applications of these methods covers wider economic issues, including macro and microeconomic analyses; statistical and econometric analysis and modeling market data, as well as capital investment and insurance problems. Social and demographic analyses cover the issues of education, employment and unemployment, poverty, etc. Many studies have cyclical character, published articles show long-term results of research, include a scientific discussion with the reviewers suggestions formulated on the basis of earlier works. This allows to track the progress of scientific research, and the publications appearing in the Econometrics journal are an inspiration to undertake new research challenges.  econometrics.ue.wroc.pl/　   The Econometrics journal is indexed in Google Scholar and details on the citations can be found on Google Scholar Citations.  Also find us at:   Index Copernicus  Erih Plus    Why subscribe and read The Econometrics is a scientific journal that promotes both theoretical aspects of mathematical, statistical and econometric methods as well as application possibilities. It focuses on the presentation of new and modernization of well-known methods as well as their adaptation in economy, business processes and social sciences in a very broad meaning. Due to the fast publishing production, the presented articles refer to the latest research, papers are always up-to-date, original, scientific, never printed before in other scientific journals. The Econometrics is the place of interdisciplinary debate with the participation of economists and statisticians.  Why submit The journal offers a fast, honest and constructive review, carried out in the double blind review process. After acceptance, an article is evaluated by a native speaker and a statistics editor. After acceptance, the publication process is very fast.The Econometrics journal belongs to the group of magazines that are constantly highly rated and enjoy a good reputation among authors and reviewers.  Rejection Rate   32%   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 