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Exploring the Plant Growth-Promotion Properties of Rhizospheric and Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Robinia pseudoacacia L. in Serpentine Soil

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13 gru 2024

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Fig 1.

Qualitative analysis of siderophore production of Rb and Eb isolates. Different characters indicate statistical differences between groups (p < 0.05).
Qualitative analysis of siderophore production of Rb and Eb isolates. Different characters indicate statistical differences between groups (p < 0.05).

Fig 2.

Quantitative analysis of siderophore production of Rb and Eb isolates. Different characters indicate statistical differences between groups (p < 0.05).
Quantitative analysis of siderophore production of Rb and Eb isolates. Different characters indicate statistical differences between groups (p < 0.05).

Fig 3.

Qualitative analysis of phosphate solubilization of Rb and Eb isolates.
Qualitative analysis of phosphate solubilization of Rb and Eb isolates.

Fig 4.

Quantitative analysis of indol-3-acid (IAA) production of Rb and Eb isolates.
Quantitative analysis of indol-3-acid (IAA) production of Rb and Eb isolates.

Enrichment factor (EF) scale, according to Sutherland (2000)_

EF = < 2 deficient to low enrichment
EF = 2–5 moderate enrichment
EF = 5–20 considerable enrichment
EF = 20–40 high enrichment
E = > 40 extremely high enrichment

The content of macroelements in soil collected from Donja Paklenica_

Locality/Element Ca (%) Mg (%) K (%) Ca/Mg
Donja Paklenica 0.009 1.439 0.036 0.0063

Contamination categories for Igeo values (Huu et al_ 2010)_

Igeo < 0 unpolluted
0 ≤ Igeo < 1 unpolluted to moderately contaminated
1 ≤ Igeo < 2 moderately contaminated
2 ≤ Igeo < 3 moderately to strongly contaminated
3 ≤ Igeo < 4 strongly contaminated
4 ≤ Igeo < 5 strongly to extremely contaminated
Igeo ≥ 5 extremely contaminated

All Identified Rb and Eb with heavy metal resistance, nitrogen fixation, and ACC deaminase activity_

Isolate PGP properties Heavy metal resistance
Nitrogen fixation ACC deaminase activity Growth on TY agar plates supplemented with heavy metals 14 d
Blue color, pellicle 7 d Growth on DF + ACC agar plates Ni 100 mg/l Ni 200 mg/l Cu 100 mg/l Cu 200 mg/l Co 100 mg/l
Rb1-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb2-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb3-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb4-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb5-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb6-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb7-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb8-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb9-Bacillus sp. + + +
Rb10-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb11-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb12-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb13-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + + +
Rb14-Pseudomonas sp. + + + + +
Eb1-Bacillus sp. + + + +
Eb2-Staphylococcus sp. + + + + +
Eb3-Bacillus sp. + + + +
Eb4-Bacillus sp. + + +
Eb5-Bacillus sp.
Eb6-Bacillus sp. + + +
Eb7-Pseudomonas sp. Eb8-Brevibacterium/ +
Peribacillus/Bacillus sp. + +
Eb9-Lysinibacillus sp. +
Eb10-Bacillus sp.
Eb11-Bacillus sp. + +

BLAST results after sequence editing of Rb and Eb sequences_

Isolate Max score Total score Query cover Query length E-value Percentage identity Accession
Rb1-Pseudomonas sp. 1033 1033 100% 559 0.0 100.00% MT555396.1
Rb2-Pseudomonas sp. 1029 1029 100% 567 0.0 99.47% MT955582.1
Rb3-Pseudomonas sp. 1007 1007 98% 569 0.0 98.93% MH018885.1
Rb4-Pseudomonas sp. 1026 1026 99% 560 0.0 99.64% KJ598026.1
Rb5-Pseudomonas sp. 1035 1035 100% 560 0.0 100.00% MT626826.1
Rb6-Pseudomonas sp. 1033 1033 99% 562 0.0 100.00% PP738394.1
Rb7-Pseudomonas sp. 1024 1024 100% 558 0.0 98.82% MN006008.1
Rb8-Pseudomonas sp. 1024 1024 100% 558 0.0 98.82% MT373558.1
Rb9-Bacillus sp. 1037 1037 97% 573 0.0 100.00% MG571235.1
Rb10-Pseudomonas sp. 1026 1026 99% 561 0.0 99.64% HM755479.1
Rb11-Pseudomonas sp. 1026 1026 99% 560 0.0 99.64% MH717340.1
Rb12-Pseudomonas sp. 1024 1024 100% 558 0.0 99.82% MT280204.1
Rb13-Pseudomonas sp. 957 957 100% 518 0.0 100.00% KT695830.1
Rb14-Pseudomonas sp. 1024 1024 100% 558 0.0 99.82% MT533925.1
Eb1-Bacillus sp. 1040 1040 98% 574 0.0 100.00% MT071453.1
Eb2-Staphylococcus sp. 1038 1038 100% 562 0.0 100.00% KM021292.1
Eb3-Bacillus sp. 1033 1033 100% 559 0.0 100.00% MT586023.1
Eb4-Bacillus sp. 992 992 100% 540 0.0 99.81% MT032498.1
Eb5-Bacillus sp. 933 933 99% 506 0.0 100.00% MW767008.1
Eb6-Bacillus sp. 963 963 100% 521 0.0 100.00% MF375095.1
Eb7-Pseudomonas sp. 966 966 100% 523 0.0 100.00% OM527246.1
Eb8-Brevibacterium/Peribacillus/Bacillus sp. 996 996 100% 555 0.0 98.93% MT538263.1KY323319.1
Eb9-Lysinibacillus sp. 942 942 100% 510 0.0 100.00% OR104997.1
Eb10-Bacillus sp. 957 957 100% 518 0.0 100.00% MF111532.1
Eb11-Bacillus sp. 1033 1033 100% 559 0.0 100.00% MF111382.1

Heavy metal concentration in soil collected from Donja Paklenica_

Soil type Cd Ni Mn Pb Co Zn Cr Cu Fe
Donja Paklenica HM (ppm) 0 1,912.45 1042.51 5.76 87.7 33.69 203.42 22.19 16,983
EF 56.305 1.637 0.242 8.607 0.749 5.208 2.904
Igeo 5.202 0.238 -2.505 2.634 -0.891 1.9178 1.0570 -0.472
TV HM (ppm) 0.8a 35a 85a 20a 50a 100a 36a
IV HM (ppm) 12a 210a 3,000–40,000c 530b 240b 720b 380a 190b 3,000–500,000d
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
4 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Nauki biologiczne, Mikrobiologia i wirusologia