<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In the industrial production of high-acidity vinegar, the initial ethanol and acetic acid concentrations are limiting factors that will affect acetic acid fermentation. In this study, <italic>Komagataeibacter europaeus</italic> CGMCC 20445 was used for acetic acid shake flask fermentation at an initial ethanol concentration of 4.3% (v/v). We conducted transcriptome analysis of <italic>K. europaeus</italic> CGMCC 20445 samples under different acidity conditions to elucidate the changes in differentially expressed genes throughout the fermentation process. We also analyzed the expression of genes associated with acid-resistance mechanisms. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in ribosomes, citrate cycle, butanoate metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, pentose phosphate, and the fatty acid biosynthetic pathways. In addition, this study found that <italic>K. europaeus</italic> CGMCC 20445 regulates the gene expression levels of cell envelope proteins and stress-responsive proteins to adapt to the gradual increase in acidity during acetic acid fermentation. This study improved the understanding of the acid resistance mechanism of <italic>K. europaeus</italic> and provided relevant reference information for the further genetic engineering of this bacterium.</p></abstract>

In the industrial production of high-acidity vinegar, the initial ethanol and acetic acid concentrations are limiting factors that will affect acetic acid fermentation. In this study, Komagataeibacter europaeus CGMCC 20445 was used for acetic acid shake flask fermentation at an initial ethanol concentration of 4.3% (v/v). We conducted transcriptome analysis of K. europaeus CGMCC 20445 samples under different acidity conditions to elucidate the changes in differentially expressed genes throughout the fermentation process. We also analyzed the expression of genes associated with acid-resistance mechanisms. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in ribosomes, citrate cycle, butanoate metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, pentose phosphate, and the fatty acid biosynthetic pathways. In addition, this study found that K. europaeus CGMCC 20445 regulates the gene expression levels of cell envelope proteins and stress-responsive proteins to adapt to the gradual increase in acidity during acetic acid fermentation. This study improved the understanding of the acid resistance mechanism of K. europaeus and provided relevant reference information for the further genetic engineering of this bacterium.

Transcriptome Analysis of <italic>Komagataeibacter europaeus</italic> CGMCC 20445 Responses to Different Acidity Levels During Acetic Acid Fermentation

Polish Journal of Microbiology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Transcriptome Analysis of  CGMCC 20445 Responses to Different Acidity Levels During Acetic Acid Fermentation

In the industrial production of high-acidity vinegar, the initial ethanol and acetic acid concentrations are limiting factors that will affect acetic acid...

Time	Number of up-regulated genes	Number of down-regulated genes differentially expressed genes
40 h	502^a (14%)	406 (12%)	908 (26%)
64 h	500 (14%)	479 (14%)	979 (28%)
88 h	602 (17%)	620 (18%)	1,222 (35%)

Transcriptome Analysis of Komagataeibacter europaeus CGMCC 20445 Responses to Different Acidity Levels During Acetic Acid Fermentation

Article Category: original-paper

Data publikacji: 17 wrz 2021

Zakres stron: 305 - 313

Otrzymano: 09 mar 2021

Przyjęty: 20 cze 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2021-027

Słowa kluczowe
acetic acid bacteria, acid resistance, transcriptomics

© 2021 Liting Wang et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Statistics of differentially expressed genes of the samples treated.

Transcriptome Analysis of Komagataeibacter europaeus CGMCC 20445 Responses to Different Acidity Levels During Acetic Acid Fermentation

Article Category: original-paper

Data publikacji: 17 wrz 2021

Zakres stron: 305 - 313

Otrzymano: 09 mar 2021

Przyjęty: 20 cze 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2021-027

Słowa kluczoweacetic acid bacteria, acid resistance, transcriptomics

© 2021 Liting Wang et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Statistics of differentially expressed genes of the samples treated.

Słowa kluczowe
acetic acid bacteria, acid resistance, transcriptomics