Breast cancer risk assessment and risk distribution in 3,491 Slovenian women invited for screening at the age of 50; a population-based cross-sectional study
, , , , , , , oraz | 04 wrz 2023
O artykule
Article Category: Research Article
Data publikacji: 04 wrz 2023
Zakres stron: 337 - 347
Otrzymano: 01 cze 2023
Przyjęty: 06 lip 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2023-0039
Słowa kluczowe
© 2023 Katja Jarm et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
FIGURE 1.
Questionnaire content used for Slovenian International Breast Cancer Intervention Study (S-IBIS) evaluation tool score calculation
| Factors affecting levels of endogenous hormones (menarche, menopause, first birth age). |
| Exogenous hormone intake (menopause hormone replacement therapy). |
| Anthropometric characteristics (height, weight). |
| Breast biopsy (done, not done, presence of atypia, atypical hyperplasia). |
| Family history of breast and ovarium cancer (mother, sisters, half-sisters, daughters, grandmothers, aunts, male relatives). |
| Ovarian cancer of the participants. |
Number of screening mammographies among 3,491 women through their whole screening period (aged 50–69 years) in case of different screening scenarios
| Low risk | – | – | 11,860 | 4,744 |
| Population risk | 34,130 | 34,130 | 21,720 | 15,204 |
| Moderately increased risk | 770 | 1,540 | 1,190 | 1,190 |
| High risk | 10 | 20 | 140 | 280 |
| Total | 34,910 | 35,690 | 34,910 | 21,418 |
10-year and lifetime breast cancer risk frequencies in the study group (risk calculated with the Slovenian International Breast Cancer Intervention Study (S-IBIS) evaluation tool, breast density information included) (N = 3,491)
| 10-year breast cancer risk | ||
| low | 1,186 | 34.0 |
| population | 2,172 | 62.2 |
| moderately increased | 119 | 3.4 |
| high | 14 | 0.4 |
| Lifetime breast cancer risk | ||
| population | 3,413 | 97.8 |
| moderately increased | 77 | 2.2 |
| high | 1 | 0.03 |
Characteristics of study participants (n = 3,491)
| Family history: first-degree relatives with breast/ovarian cancer (mother, father, sisters, daughters) | ||
| positive (1 relative) | 326 | 9.3 |
| positive (2 or more relatives) | 28 | 0.8 |
| negative | 2,854 | 81.8 |
| unknown | 283 | 8.1 |
| Family history: second-degree relatives with breast/ovarian cancer (aunts, uncles, grandmothers, half-sisters) | ||
| positive (1 relative) | 437 | 12.5 |
| positive (2 or more relatives) | 148 | 4.2 |
| negative | 2,552 | 73.1 |
| unknown | 354 | 10.1 |
| Age (years) at menarche | ||
| < 13 | 1,138 | 32.6 |
| 13 | 940 | 26.9 |
| > 13 | 1,339 | 38.4 |
| unknown | 74 | 2.1 |
| Age (years) at first birth | ||
| < 25 | 1,570 | 45.0 |
| 25–28 | 736 | 21.1 |
| 29–34 | 659 | 18.9 |
| 35 | 191 | 5.5 |
| nulliparous | 335 | 9.6 |
| unknown | 0 | 0.0 |
| Menopausal status | ||
| premenopausal | 1,392 | 39.9 |
| perimenopausal | 632 | 18.1 |
| postmenopausal | 631 | 18.1 |
| unknown | 836 | 23.9 |
| HRT usage | ||
| yes | 286 | 8.2 |
| no | 3,123 | 89.5 |
| unknown | 82 | 2.3 |
| Breast biopsy | ||
| no biopsy | 3,123 | 89.5 |
| biopsy (hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia, LCIS) | 21 | 0.6 |
| biopsy (else) | 44 | 1.3 |
| biopsy (unknown result) | 256 | 7.3 |
| unknown if biopsy done | 47 | 1.3 |
| Breast density | ||
| BI-RADS a | 215 | 6.2 |
| BI-RADS b | 1,802 | 51.6 |
| BI-RADS c | 1,410 | 40.4 |
| BI-RADS d | 34 | 1.0 |
| unknown (no screening mammography) | 30 | 0.9 |
| BMI | ||
| < 19 | 48 | 1.4 |
| 19–25 | 1,165 | 33.4 |
| > 25 | 1,336 | 38.3 |
| unknown | 942 | 27.0 |
Breast cancer risk categories for Slovenian women at the age of 50 and risk-based screening scenarios according to different protocols18,24,26
| Low risk (%) | < 1.3 | 5-year mammography screening interval | ||
| Population risk (%) | < 16 | 1.3–3.9 | 2-year mammography screening interval | 3-year mammography screening interval |
| Moderately increased risk (%) | 16–30 | 4.0–6.5 | 1-year mammography screening interval | 2-year mammography screening interval |
| High risk (%) | > 30 | > 6.5 | 1-year mammography screening interval | 1-year mammography screening interval |