Energy Optimal Control of Electromechanical Systems: Trade-off Demands
Branislav Ftorek
Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of ŽilinaŽilina, Slovakia
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, Vladimír Vavrúš
Department of Power Systems and Electric Drives, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of ŽilinaŽilina, Slovakia
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, Ján Šimon
Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of ŽilinaŽilina, Slovakia
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oraz Ján Vittek
Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of ŽilinaŽilina, Slovakia
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21 cze 2025
O artykule
Kategoria artykułu: Research Paper
Data publikacji: 21 cze 2025
Zakres stron: 177 - 188
Otrzymano: 03 mar 2025
Przyjęty: 27 maj 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/pead-2025-0012
Słowa kluczowe
© 2025 Branislav Ftorek et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Figure 1.
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Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Total consumed energy_
| Point colour | Energy increase (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Red (min. point) | 4100.025 | 96.788 | 2104 | 0.0 |
| Blue | 2050.012 | 48.394 | 2157 | +2.52 |
| Green | 1025.006 | 24.197 | 2409 | +14.5 |
Peak and minimum values of speed, current and energy for different manoeuvre times under the EOC strategy_
| 86.094 | 371.8 | –352.3 | 4468.2 | 8052.2 | 4714.9 |
| 75.858 | 325.1 | –305.3 | 4062.8 | 6767.9 | 4251.8 |
| 67.946 | 289.0 | –268.9 | 3758.0 | 5855.7 | 3907.6 |
IM nominal parameters_
| Nominal output power | 720 | kW | Nominal frequency | 50 | Hz | ||
| Nominal speed | ω |
156.24 | rads–1 | Nominal voltage | 780 | V | |
| Nominal current | 650 | A | Maximal current | 810 | A | ||
| Nominal torque | Γ |
4929 | Nm | Nominal power factor | cosφ |
0.88 | - |
| Pole-pairs number | 2 | - | Total resistance | 0.0952 | Ω | ||
| Stator resistance | 0.0358 | Ω | Rotor resistance | 0.032 | Ω | ||
| Mutual inductance | 15.5 | mH | Leakage inductance | 12 | mH | ||
| Total mass | 45.8 | t | Total moment of inertia | 470 | kgm2 | ||
| Wheel average diameter | 0.91 | m | Gear ratio | 3.73 | - |
Peak and minimum values of speed, current and energy for different manoeuvre times under the ENOC strategy_
| 86.094 | 228.1 | –187.8 | 4659.4 | 9293.0 | 4921.8 |
| 75.858 | 196.2 | –159.1 | 4207.3 | 7773.7 | 4406.7 |
| 67.946 | 170.7 | –135.8 | 3876.7 | 6704.5 | 4032.3 |