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Assessing tropism and genetic traits of carp oedema virus isolates to enhance detection strategies


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Fig. 1.

Locations of fish sampling sites
Locations of fish sampling sites

Fig. 2.

Sampling sites in the study. Locations with positive test results (in red) and locations free from carp oedema virus (in green). Outline of the map obtained from the website fabrykapuzli.pl and graphically processed by the author using canva.com
Sampling sites in the study. Locations with positive test results (in red) and locations free from carp oedema virus (in green). Outline of the map obtained from the website fabrykapuzli.pl and graphically processed by the author using canva.com

Fig. 3.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in carp gills
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in carp gills

Fig. 4.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in skin
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in skin

Fig. 5.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney

Fig. 6.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in gills
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in gills

Fig. 7.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney

Fig. 8.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in gills
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in gills

Fig. 9.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in skin
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in skin

Fig. 10.

Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney
Confirmation of CEV genetic material in kidney

Fig. 11.

Maximum-likelihood tree constructed using the Tamura–Nei (TN93) model for the gene P4a sequences of carp oedema virus obtained from GenBank and the authors’ sequences (designated by “ORYG.”) with accession numbers OQ469756–OQ469771. Scale – substitution frequency
Maximum-likelihood tree constructed using the Tamura–Nei (TN93) model for the gene P4a sequences of carp oedema virus obtained from GenBank and the authors’ sequences (designated by “ORYG.”) with accession numbers OQ469756–OQ469771. Scale – substitution frequency

Primers used for the detection of the carp oedema virus P4a protein in a real-time PCR

Primer name Primer sequence Reference
CEV qFor1 5′-AGTTTTGTAKATTGTAGCATTTCC-3′
CEV qRev1 5′-GATTCCTCAAGGAGTTDCAGTAAA-3′ 12
CEV qProbe1 5′-AGAGT TTGTTTCTTGCC ATACAAACT-3′

Summary of carp tissue samples (kidney, spleen, gills and skin) subjected to in situ hybridisation

Sample collection site Study material Species Symbol
Farm 2 kidney, spleen Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC1
Farm 2 gills, skin Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC1
Farm 2 kidney, spleen Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC2
Farm 2 gills, skin Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC2
Farm 2 kidney, spleen Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC4
Farm 2 gills, skin Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC4
Farm 2 kidney, spleen Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC7
Farm 2 gills, skin Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC7
Farm 2 kidney, spleen Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC8
Farm 2 gills, skin Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC8
Farm 2 kidney, spleen Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC9
Farm 2 gills, skin Carp (Cyprinus carpio) DC9
Farm 9 kidney, spleen Carp (Cyprinus carpio) 9SK
Farm 9 gills, skin Carp (Cyprinus carpio) 9SK

List of positive samples in carp obtained from kidney, spleen, gills and skin using in situ hybridisation

Sample collection site Code Kidney Spleen Gills Skin
GR 2 DC1 + +
GR 2 DC2 + + +
GR 2 DC4 +
GR 2 DC7 + +
GR 2 DC8 + +
GR 2 DC9 + +
GR 9 9SK + + +

Carp oedema virus–positive samples in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) detected using real-time PCR

No. Sample code Sample collection site Threshold cycle
1 DC 4 Farm 2 36.67
2 DC 7 Farm 2 28.26
3 DC 8 Farm 2 24.44
4 DC 9 Farm 2 23.47
5 DC 10 Farm 2 25.08
6 DC 11 Farm 2 24.55
7 DC12 Farm 2 24.82
8 DC 5 Farm 5 28.2

Primers used for the detection of the carp oedema virus P4a protein in conventional and nested PCRs

Primer name Primer sequence Product size (base pairs) Reference
CEV qFor1 5′-ATGGAGTATCCAAAGTACTTAG-3′ 528
CEV for B
CEV rev J 5′-CTCTTCACTATTGTGACTTTG-3′ 528 12
CEV for B - int 5′-GTTATCAATGAAATTTGTGTATTG-3′ 478
CEV rev J - int 5′-TAGCAAAGTACTACCTCATCC-3′ 478

Composition of the PCR mixture used for detection of the carp oedema virus P4a protein in a second nested PCR

Deionised water (PCR grade) GoTaq G2 Green Master Mix Forward primer Reverse primer Template DNA
6.5 mL 12.5 mL 0.5 mL 0.5 mL 5 mL

Composition of the real-time PCR mixture for detection of carp oedema virus P4a protein

Distilled water (PCR grade) GoTaq G2 Green Master Mix Forward primer Reverse primer TaqMan probe Template DNA
6.25 mL 12.5 mL 0.5 mL 0.5 mL 0.25 mL 5 mL
eISSN:
2450-8608
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
4 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Life Sciences, Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Virology, other, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine