<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<p>Pesticides are one of the elements that lead to the decline in honeybee populations. Honey bee while foraging collect nectar and pollen from various crops, can be exposed to pesticide residues, which may be transported into their colonies and consumed by the larvae. The objective of this study was to evaluate acute toxicity of fipronil and lambda-cyhalothrin, two commonly detected pesticides within beehives, on the larvae of <italic>Apis mellifera</italic>. The testes chemicals were given to three-day old larvae. Treatments were administered using a micropipette at the bottom of each chosen comb cell. Each treatment included sixty larvae per dosage and the experiment was repeated three times. Larvae were given only acetone in the control treatment. Fipronil and lambda-cyhalothrin were toxic to the larvae of <italic>A. mellifera</italic> with LD<sub>50</sub> values of 0.163 and 0.83 μg/larvae, respectively after seven days of exposure. The maximum mortality of 81.35% was recorded with a dose of 0.38 μg/larvae in Fipronil, whereas in lambda-cyhalothrin, it was 94.23% with a dose of 1.70 μg/larvae.</p>
</abstract>

Pesticides are one of the elements that lead to the decline in honeybee populations. Honey bee while foraging collect nectar and pollen from various crops, can be exposed to pesticide residues, which may be transported into their colonies and consumed by the larvae. The objective of this study was to evaluate acute toxicity of fipronil and lambda-cyhalothrin, two commonly detected pesticides within beehives, on the larvae of Apis mellifera. The testes chemicals were given to three-day old larvae. Treatments were administered using a micropipette at the bottom of each chosen comb cell. Each treatment included sixty larvae per dosage and the experiment was repeated three times. Larvae were given only acetone in the control treatment. Fipronil and lambda-cyhalothrin were toxic to the larvae of A. mellifera with LD50 values of 0.163 and 0.83 μg/larvae, respectively after seven days of exposure. The maximum mortality of 81.35% was recorded with a dose of 0.38 μg/larvae in Fipronil, whereas in lambda-cyhalothrin, it was 94.23% with a dose of 1.70 μg/larvae.

Toxicity of Insecticides with Different Modes of Action to <italic>Apis Mellifera</italic> Larvae (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

Department of Forest Resource Management and Conservation

Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Entomology

Journal of Apicultural Science

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Toxicity of Insecticides with Different Modes of Action to  Larvae (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

Pesticides are one of the elements that lead to the decline in honeybee populations. Honey bee while foraging collect nectar and pollen from various crops, can...

Dose × 1000 (μg/larva)	Log (Dose) (X)	No of larva treated (n)	No of larva bees	Observed mortality (%)	Corrected mortality (%)	Empirical Probit (Y)	Expected probit
0.28	1.447	60	14	23.33	11.53	−1.198	−1.521
0.55	1.740	60	18	30.00	19.23	−0.869	−0.581
0.85	1.929	60	35	58.33	51.92	0.048	0.024
1.10	2.041	60	40	66.66	61.53	0.293	0.383
1.50	2.176	60	46	76.66	73.07	0.615	0.815
1.70	2.230	60	57	95.00	94.23	1.574	0.989
0.00	0.00	60	8	13.33	-	-	-

Dose × 1000 (μg/larva)	Log (Dose) (X)	No of larvae treated (n)	No of dead larvae	Observed mortality (%)	Corrected mortality (%)	Empirical Probit (Y)	Expected probit
0.005	0.699	60	12	20.00	18.64	−0.891	−0.958
0.01	1.000	60	22	36.66	35.59	−0.369	−0.395
0.18	1.255	60	29	48.33	47.45	−0.064	0.082
0.22	1.342	60	36	60.00	59.32	0.236	0.245
0.30	1.477	60	40	66.66	66.09	0.415	0.497
0.38	1.580	60	49	81.66	81.35	0.891	0.689
0.00	0.00	60	1	1.66	-	-	-

Serial No.	Insecticide	Doses (Adult) Oral toxicity	Source
1	Fipronil (96.7% Purity)	0.005 μg, 0.01 μg 0.18 μg, 0.22 μg 0.30 μg, 0.38 μg	Sigma-Aldrich
2	Lambda-cyhalothrin (96.7% Purity)	0.28 μg, 0.55 μg 0.85 μg, 1.10 μg 1.50 μg, 1.70 μg	Sigma-Aldrich

Toxicity of Insecticides with Different Modes of Action to Apis Mellifera Larvae (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

Article Category: Original Article

Data publikacji: 22 gru 2023

Zakres stron: 115 - 123

Otrzymano: 07 lip 2023

Przyjęty: 30 paź 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jas-2023-0010

Słowa kluczowe
Fipronil, honey bee larvae, Lambda-cyhalothrin, lethal-dose mortality

© 2023 Mohammad Abdul Waseem et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Comparison between the larval observed mortality (OM %) and corrected mortality (CM %) for each tested concentration (Conc μg/larva) of lambda-cyhalothrin using a probit analysis

Comparison between the larval observed mortality (OM %) and corrected mortality (CM %) for each tested concentration (Conc μg/larva) of fipronil using a probit analysis

Insecticides and doses evaluated

Toxicity of Insecticides with Different Modes of Action to Apis Mellifera Larvae (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

Article Category: Original Article

Data publikacji: 22 gru 2023

Zakres stron: 115 - 123

Otrzymano: 07 lip 2023

Przyjęty: 30 paź 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jas-2023-0010

Słowa kluczoweFipronil, honey bee larvae, Lambda-cyhalothrin, lethal-dose mortality

© 2023 Mohammad Abdul Waseem et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Comparison between the larval observed mortality (OM %) and corrected mortality (CM %) for each tested concentration (Conc μg/larva) of lambda-cyhalothrin using a probit analysis

Comparison between the larval observed mortality (OM %) and corrected mortality (CM %) for each tested concentration (Conc μg/larva) of fipronil using a probit analysis

Insecticides and doses evaluated

Słowa kluczowe
Fipronil, honey bee larvae, Lambda-cyhalothrin, lethal-dose mortality