Schmidt hammer exposure dating for brick masonry

Laurent Debailleux

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Schmidt hammer exposure dating for brick masonry

Laurent Debailleux

| 31 gru 2020

Geochronometria

Tom 47 (2020): Zeszyt 1 (January 2020)

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Article Category: Regular Articles

Data publikacji: 31 gru 2020

Zakres stron: 54 - 62

Otrzymano: 04 lip 2019

Przyjęty: 23 kwi 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/geochr-2020-0030

Słowa kluczowe
Schmidt hammer exposure dating, weathering, brick masonry, built heritage

© 2020 L. Debailleux, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Map of Belgium and localisation of the region of Hainaut.

Localisation of samples within the region of Hainaut.

Church 2 (1717), Church 3 (1725) and Church 9 (1856).

Mean Schmidt hammer rebound values R1 and R5 as a function of the construction dates. Uncertainty bars are shown.

Weathering indices (±95% confidence intervals; n=30) as a function of the building dates and grouped into the orientations of the compass.

I5 (%) values with the corresponding age of the construction (G1, G2 and G3, see text).

Weathering indices (I5) as a function of the building dates and specific orientations of the façades (mean ± 95% confidence interval; n=30).

		Church 1	Church 2	Church 3	Church 4	Church 5	Church 6	Church 7	Church 8	Church 9	Church 10
Date		1600	1717	1725	1769	1774	1782	1790	1840	1856	1895
	South/West	32.9 ± 2.5	23.1 ± 3.6	28.8 ± 0.1	22.9 ± 1.3	22.5 ± 0.9	30.9 ± 0.9	36.0 ± 3.0	28.3 ± 2.5	24.8 ± 0.9	22.4 ± 1.4
15(%)	North/East North/West	24.6 ± 3.6 17.8 ± 0.5	29.7 ± 0.9 30.8 ± 4.2	29.4 ± 2.2 26.8 ± 0.9	30.0 ± 0.2 25.9 ± 2.7	25.7 ± 0.6 25.9 ± 0.6	31.0 ± 0.5 29.6 ± 0.3	27.9 ± 1.7 28.5 ± 1.9	28.9 ± 2.3 31.0 ± 1.3	25.7 ± 2.3 28.2 ± 0.9	18.1 ± 3.5 20.7 ± 2.0
	South/East	32.2 ± 0.4	24.5 ± 1.1	31.4 ± 1.3	27.3 ± 1.2	22.3 ± 0.8	32.2 ± 0.1	35.6 ± 3.2	32.5 ± 3.5	22.3 ± 0.5	22.4 ± 4.2
Mean 15 (%)		27.4 ± 3.1	27.1 ± 1.4	29.2 ± 1.3	26.3 ± 1.8	24.1 ± 0.9	30.9 ± 0.6	33.0 ± 2.9	30.9 ± 2.2	25.2 ± 1.4	21,4 ± 1.5

Rebound values measured for the first five impacts, Rn (with n=1−5).

Samples	Date	Orientation		Mean R values				Mean R₁(SD)	Mean R₅ (SD)
			1	2	3	4	5
Church 1	1600	North	29	32	35	36	35
		South	23	30	35	34	34	25.0	34.4
		West	/	/	/	/	/	(3.1)	(0.4)
		East	24	29	32	33	32
Church 2	1717	North	26	31	37	35	37
		South	25	29	32	33	32	24.8	34.1
		West	/	/	/	/	/	(0.8)	(2.5)
		East	24	28	29	33	33
Church 3	1725	North	29	34	37	37	39
		South	28	32	35	36	39	26.3	37.1
		West	24	30	33	34	34	(2.5)	(2.3)
		East	24	31	33	34	36
Church 4	1769	North	27	34	38	38	39
		South	31	38	40	39	42
		West	30	34	35	37	38	29.5	40.0
		East	29	39	38	41	42	(1.7)	(1.8)
Church 5	1774	North	32	38	40	42	43
		South	33	38	40	41	41	31.2	41.1
		West	31	37	40	41	41	(1.3)	(1.7)
		East	30	36	38	38	39
Church 6	1782	North	28	34	37	40	40
		South	28	35	39	40	41	27.3	39.6
		West	25	31	35	35	36	(1.3)	(2.7)
		East	28	36	37	39	41
Church 7	1790	North	28	32	34	37	37
		South	21	27	33	35	37	24.2	36.1
		West	25	33	36	36	36	(3.1)	(1.6)
		East	23	29	33	36	34
Church 8	1840	North	24	31	33	34	36
		South	22	29	32	35	36	25.5	36.9
		West	30	37	38	39	42	(3.2)	(3.2)
		East	26	32	35	34	34
Church 9	1856	North	24	31	34	36	34
		South	27	31	33	36	35	26.3	35.1
		West	25	29	31	31	34	(2.3)	(1.6)
		East	29	35	35	36	37
Church 10	1895	North	31	34	36	38	38
		South	29	32	35	35	37	29.6	37.7
		West	28	34	34	35	38	(1.6)	(0.9)
		East	/	/	/	/	/

Coefficients of determination for each orientation of façade.

Orientation	Formula	R²
South/West	Y = 0.1872x+372.84	0.903
North/East	Y = 0.1903x+377.64	0.845
North/West	Y = 0.0867x+185.35	0.637
South/East	Y = 0.0911x+192.27	0.863
Mean	Y = 0.1484x+299.76	0.948

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Schmidt hammer exposure dating for brick masonry

Article Category: Regular Articles

Data publikacji: 31 gru 2020

Zakres stron: 54 - 62

Otrzymano: 04 lip 2019

Przyjęty: 23 kwi 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/geochr-2020-0030

Słowa kluczowe
Schmidt hammer exposure dating, weathering, brick masonry, built heritage

© 2020 L. Debailleux, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig 1

Fig 2

Fig 3

Fig 4

Fig 5

Fig 6

Weathering indices (I5) as a function of the building dates and specific orientations of the façades (mean ± 95% confidence interval; n=30).

Rebound values measured for the first five impacts, Rn (with n=1−5).

Coefficients of determination for each orientation of façade.

Schmidt hammer exposure dating for brick masonry

Article Category: Regular Articles

Data publikacji: 31 gru 2020

Zakres stron: 54 - 62

Otrzymano: 04 lip 2019

Przyjęty: 23 kwi 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/geochr-2020-0030

Słowa kluczoweSchmidt hammer exposure dating, weathering, brick masonry, built heritage

© 2020 L. Debailleux, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig 1

Fig 2

Fig 3

Fig 4

Fig 5

Fig 6

Weathering indices (I5) as a function of the building dates and specific orientations of the façades (mean ± 95% confidence interval; n=30).

Rebound values measured for the first five impacts, Rn (with n=1−5).

Coefficients of determination for each orientation of façade.

Słowa kluczowe
Schmidt hammer exposure dating, weathering, brick masonry, built heritage