Schmidt hammer exposure dating for brick masonry
Article Category: Regular Articles
Publié en ligne: 31 déc. 2020
Pages: 54 - 62
Reçu: 04 juil. 2019
Accepté: 23 avr. 2020
© 2020 L. Debailleux, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Weathering indices (I5) as a function of the building dates and specific orientations of the façades (mean ± 95% confidence interval; n=30).
| | Church 1 | Church 2 | Church 3 | Church 4 | Church 5 | Church 6 | Church 7 | Church 8 | Church 9 | Church 10 |
---|
Date | | 1600 | 1717 | 1725 | 1769 | 1774 | 1782 | 1790 | 1840 | 1856 | 1895 |
| South/West | 32.9 ± 2.5 | 23.1 ± 3.6 | 28.8 ± 0.1 | 22.9 ± 1.3 | 22.5 ± 0.9 | 30.9 ± 0.9 | 36.0 ± 3.0 | 28.3 ± 2.5 | 24.8 ± 0.9 | 22.4 ± 1.4 |
15(%) | North/East North/West | 24.6 ± 3.6 17.8 ± 0.5 | 29.7 ± 0.9 30.8 ± 4.2 | 29.4 ± 2.2 26.8 ± 0.9 | 30.0 ± 0.2 25.9 ± 2.7 | 25.7 ± 0.6 25.9 ± 0.6 | 31.0 ± 0.5 29.6 ± 0.3 | 27.9 ± 1.7 28.5 ± 1.9 | 28.9 ± 2.3 31.0 ± 1.3 | 25.7 ± 2.3 28.2 ± 0.9 | 18.1 ± 3.5 20.7 ± 2.0 |
| South/East | 32.2 ± 0.4 | 24.5 ± 1.1 | 31.4 ± 1.3 | 27.3 ± 1.2 | 22.3 ± 0.8 | 32.2 ± 0.1 | 35.6 ± 3.2 | 32.5 ± 3.5 | 22.3 ± 0.5 | 22.4 ± 4.2 |
Mean 15 (%) | | 27.4 ± 3.1 | 27.1 ± 1.4 | 29.2 ± 1.3 | 26.3 ± 1.8 | 24.1 ± 0.9 | 30.9 ± 0.6 | 33.0 ± 2.9 | 30.9 ± 2.2 | 25.2 ± 1.4 | 21,4 ± 1.5 |
Rebound values measured for the first five impacts, Rn (with n=1−5).
Samples | Date | Orientation | | Mean R values | | Mean R1(SD) | Mean R5 (SD) |
---|
| | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | | |
Church 1 | 1600 | North | 29 | 32 | 35 | 36 | 35 | | |
| | South | 23 | 30 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 25.0 | 34.4 |
| | West | / | / | / | / | / | (3.1) | (0.4) |
| | East | 24 | 29 | 32 | 33 | 32 | | |
Church 2 | 1717 | North | 26 | 31 | 37 | 35 | 37 | | |
| | South | 25 | 29 | 32 | 33 | 32 | 24.8 | 34.1 |
| | West | / | / | / | / | / | (0.8) | (2.5) |
| | East | 24 | 28 | 29 | 33 | 33 | | |
Church 3 | 1725 | North | 29 | 34 | 37 | 37 | 39 | | |
| | South | 28 | 32 | 35 | 36 | 39 | 26.3 | 37.1 |
| | West | 24 | 30 | 33 | 34 | 34 | (2.5) | (2.3) |
| | East | 24 | 31 | 33 | 34 | 36 | | |
Church 4 | 1769 | North | 27 | 34 | 38 | 38 | 39 | | |
| | South | 31 | 38 | 40 | 39 | 42 | | |
| | West | 30 | 34 | 35 | 37 | 38 | 29.5 | 40.0 |
| | East | 29 | 39 | 38 | 41 | 42 | (1.7) | (1.8) |
Church 5 | 1774 | North | 32 | 38 | 40 | 42 | 43 | | |
| | South | 33 | 38 | 40 | 41 | 41 | 31.2 | 41.1 |
| | West | 31 | 37 | 40 | 41 | 41 | (1.3) | (1.7) |
| | East | 30 | 36 | 38 | 38 | 39 | | |
Church 6 | 1782 | North | 28 | 34 | 37 | 40 | 40 | | |
| | South | 28 | 35 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 27.3 | 39.6 |
| | West | 25 | 31 | 35 | 35 | 36 | (1.3) | (2.7) |
| | East | 28 | 36 | 37 | 39 | 41 | | |
Church 7 | 1790 | North | 28 | 32 | 34 | 37 | 37 | | |
| | South | 21 | 27 | 33 | 35 | 37 | 24.2 | 36.1 |
| | West | 25 | 33 | 36 | 36 | 36 | (3.1) | (1.6) |
| | East | 23 | 29 | 33 | 36 | 34 | | |
Church 8 | 1840 | North | 24 | 31 | 33 | 34 | 36 | | |
| | South | 22 | 29 | 32 | 35 | 36 | 25.5 | 36.9 |
| | West | 30 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 42 | (3.2) | (3.2) |
| | East | 26 | 32 | 35 | 34 | 34 | | |
Church 9 | 1856 | North | 24 | 31 | 34 | 36 | 34 | | |
| | South | 27 | 31 | 33 | 36 | 35 | 26.3 | 35.1 |
| | West | 25 | 29 | 31 | 31 | 34 | (2.3) | (1.6) |
| | East | 29 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 37 | | |
Church 10 | 1895 | North | 31 | 34 | 36 | 38 | 38 | | |
| | South | 29 | 32 | 35 | 35 | 37 | 29.6 | 37.7 |
| | West | 28 | 34 | 34 | 35 | 38 | (1.6) | (0.9) |
| | East | / | / | / | / | / | | |
Coefficients of determination for each orientation of façade.
Orientation | Formula | R2 |
---|
South/West | Y = 0.1872x+372.84 | 0.903 |
North/East | Y = 0.1903x+377.64 | 0.845 |
North/West | Y = 0.0867x+185.35 | 0.637 |
South/East | Y = 0.0911x+192.27 | 0.863 |
Mean | Y = 0.1484x+299.76 | 0.948 |