<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The overproduction of pollutants resulting from the development of industry causes the deposition of large amounts of toxic and carcinogenic substances, including heavy metals, in the aquatic ecosystem and other ecosystems. This is a civilisation problem of the present times, posing a serious threat to the natural environment, including humans. For this reason, it has recently become extremely important to develop effective methods to minimise the concentration of heavy metal ions in the aquatic systems and thus reduce their negative impact on the environment. One such technique is adsorption, which is believed to be an effective method of removing contaminants such as heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. Looking at the available literature of the last few years, it can be concluded that adsorbents of natural origin are becoming more and more important. These are agricultural waste, all kinds of biomass, and waste from various industries. The study attempts to present and evaluate the sorption capacity of materials of natural origin, including oat bran, chitosan, alginate, tree bark, coconut fibre, and lignin. The use of such biosorbents is more friendly for the environment compared to their synthetic counterparts and perfectly fits the concept of sustainable development and the circular economy.</p>
</abstract>

The overproduction of pollutants resulting from the development of industry causes the deposition of large amounts of toxic and carcinogenic substances, including heavy metals, in the aquatic ecosystem and other ecosystems. This is a civilisation problem of the present times, posing a serious threat to the natural environment, including humans. For this reason, it has recently become extremely important to develop effective methods to minimise the concentration of heavy metal ions in the aquatic systems and thus reduce their negative impact on the environment. One such technique is adsorption, which is believed to be an effective method of removing contaminants such as heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. Looking at the available literature of the last few years, it can be concluded that adsorbents of natural origin are becoming more and more important. These are agricultural waste, all kinds of biomass, and waste from various industries. The study attempts to present and evaluate the sorption capacity of materials of natural origin, including oat bran, chitosan, alginate, tree bark, coconut fibre, and lignin. The use of such biosorbents is more friendly for the environment compared to their synthetic counterparts and perfectly fits the concept of sustainable development and the circular economy.

Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions with the Use of Lignins and Biomass

patrycja.miros-kudra@lit.lukasiewicz.gov.pl

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

The overproduction of pollutants resulting from the development of industry causes the deposition of large amounts of toxic and carcinogenic substances,...

Biosorbents		Metal ion	Results	Reference
Chitosan	chitosan / hydroxyapatite / nanomagnetic composite	Zn	50%	[37]
	chitosan / hydroxyapatite / nanomagnetic composite	Cu	80%	[37]
	permutite with chitosan	Zn	58,8	[38]
	permutite with chitosan	Cu	50,2	[38]
	chitosan micro and nanoparticles	Zn	>90%	[39]
Rice bran		Zn	95,22	[27]
		Cd	>80%	[29]
		Cr(VI)	40–50%
		Zn(II)	87%
		Cr(VI), Ni(II)	40–50%	[17]
Alginate		Cu	>90%	[48], [44]
		Cd		[48], [44]
		Pb, Zn		[54]
Coconut fibers		Zn	91%	[54]
		Cu	97%	[54]
		Cr(VI)	>80%	[17]
Agricultural waste biomass	corn cobs	Zn	72%	[71]
	corn cobs	Ni	82%	[71]
	waste from tea leaves	Zn	90%	[72]
	waste from tea leaves	Ni(II)	86%	[17]
	mango wood sawdust	Cu(II)	60%	[17]
Lignin		Cu, Cd	90–95%	[119]
		Pb	>90%	[114]
		Cr(VI)	85%	[115]
Lignin-chitin composite		Fe(III)	84%	[116],[117]
Lignin-chitin composite		Cu(II)	22%	[116],[117]

	Hardwood	Softwood	Grass
Lignin content [99]	18–25%	27–33%	17–24%
Lignin building block composition [91]	G+S	G	H+G+S

Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions with the Use of Lignins and Biomass

Article Category: Research Article

Data publikacji: 02 cze 2022

Zakres stron: 99 - 111

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2022-0013

Słowa kluczowe
heavy metals, adsorption, biosorbents, lignin

© 2022 Patrycja Miros-Kudra et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Summary of work done by different researchers using different waste materials to remove heavy metal ions

Approximated lignin content and lignin building block composition in different raw materials

Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions with the Use of Lignins and Biomass

Article Category: Research Article

Data publikacji: 02 cze 2022

Zakres stron: 99 - 111

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2022-0013

Słowa kluczoweheavy metals, adsorption, biosorbents, lignin

© 2022 Patrycja Miros-Kudra et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Summary of work done by different researchers using different waste materials to remove heavy metal ions

Approximated lignin content and lignin building block composition in different raw materials

Słowa kluczowe
heavy metals, adsorption, biosorbents, lignin