Otwarty dostęp

Morphological characteristics of flower organs and in vitro micropropagation of male sterile lines of Lilium hybrids

Lei Cao
Lei Cao
, 
Songming Han
Songming Han
, 
Jinzhu Zhang
Jinzhu Zhang
, 
Tao Yang
Tao Yang
, 
Daidi Che
Daidi Che
 oraz 
Jinping Fan
Jinping Fan
   | 26 cze 2023
Folia Horticulturae's Cover Image
O artykule
Poprzedni artykuł
Następny artykuł
Zacytuj
Article Category: ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Data publikacji: 26 cze 2023
Zakres stron: 1 - 23
Otrzymano: 24 wrz 2022
Przyjęty: 12 gru 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0001
Słowa kluczowe
© 2023 Lei Cao et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Comparison of pollen germination. (A) Pollen germination of ‘5-21’. (B) Pollen germination of ‘Pollyanna’.
Comparison of pollen germination. (A) Pollen germination of ‘5-21’. (B) Pollen germination of ‘Pollyanna’.

Figure 2

The ‘5-35’ stigmas from 1 to 6 days after anthesis (DAA). (A) Stigmas after treatment with benzidine-H2O2 solution. (B) Stigmas showing no reaction but wet secretions..
The ‘5-35’ stigmas from 1 to 6 days after anthesis (DAA). (A) Stigmas after treatment with benzidine-H2O2 solution. (B) Stigmas showing no reaction but wet secretions..

Figure 3

Stigma cross sections. (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’, (G) ‘Pollyanna’, and (H) ‘Sorbonne’.
Stigma cross sections. (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’, (G) ‘Pollyanna’, and (H) ‘Sorbonne’.

Figure 4

Stigma vertical sections: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’, (G) ‘Pollyanna’ and (H) ‘Sorbonne’.
Stigma vertical sections: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’, (G) ‘Pollyanna’ and (H) ‘Sorbonne’.

Figure 5

Ovary cross-sections: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’, (G) ‘Pollyanna’ and (H) ‘Sorbonne’.
Ovary cross-sections: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’, (G) ‘Pollyanna’ and (H) ‘Sorbonne’.

Figure 6

Ovary vertical sections: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’, (G) ‘Pollyanna’ and (H) ‘Sorbonne’.
Ovary vertical sections: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’, (G) ‘Pollyanna’ and (H) ‘Sorbonne’.

Figure 7

Filament vertical sections: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’, (G) ‘Pollyanna’ and (H) ‘Sorbonne’.
Filament vertical sections: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’, (G) ‘Pollyanna’ and (H) ‘Sorbonne’.

Figure 8

Comparison of seeds of lily: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-35’, (C) ‘0-0.2’, (D) ‘5-21’, (E) ‘3-12’ and (F) ‘Sorbonne’.
Comparison of seeds of lily: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-35’, (C) ‘0-0.2’, (D) ‘5-21’, (E) ‘3-12’ and (F) ‘Sorbonne’.

Figure 9

Chromosomal conventional tablets: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’ and (G) ‘Pollyanna’.
Chromosomal conventional tablets: (A) ‘3-1’, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) ‘5-35’, (D) ‘0-0.2’, (E) ‘5-21’, (F) ‘3-12’ and (G) ‘Pollyanna’.

Figure 10

In vitro culture initiation and adventitious bud multiplication. (A) Triploid control plants, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) diploid control plants, (D) ‘5-35’.
In vitro culture initiation and adventitious bud multiplication. (A) Triploid control plants, (B) ‘5-4’, (C) diploid control plants, (D) ‘5-35’.

Supplementary Figure 1

Effects of different media on induction of adventitious buds of male sterile lily ‘5-4’: (A) no NAA and no 6-BA; (B) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (C) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; (D) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA; (E) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (F) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; (G) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA; (H) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (I) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; and (J) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA.
Effects of different media on induction of adventitious buds of male sterile lily ‘5-4’: (A) no NAA and no 6-BA; (B) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (C) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; (D) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA; (E) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (F) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; (G) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA; (H) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (I) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; and (J) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA.

Supplementary Figure 2

Effects of different media on adventitious bud induction of male sterile lily ‘5-35’: (A) no NAA and no 6-BA; (B) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (C) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; (D) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA; (E) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (F) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; (G) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA; (H) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (I) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; and (J) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA.
Effects of different media on adventitious bud induction of male sterile lily ‘5-35’: (A) no NAA and no 6-BA; (B) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (C) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; (D) 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA; (E) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (F) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; (G) 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA; (H) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.1 mg · L−1 6-BA; (I) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA; and (J) 1.5 mg · L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA.

Supplementary Figure 3

Effects of different media on the proliferation of adventitious buds of male sterile lily: (A) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (B) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; (C) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (D) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.1 mg · L−1 NAA; (E) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; (F) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (G) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.1 mg · L−1 NAA; (H) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; and (I) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA.
Effects of different media on the proliferation of adventitious buds of male sterile lily: (A) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (B) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; (C) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (D) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.1 mg · L−1 NAA; (E) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; (F) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (G) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.1 mg · L−1 NAA; (H) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; and (I) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA.

Supplementary Figure 4

Effects of different media on the proliferation of adventitious buds of male sterile lily ‘5-35’: (A) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (B) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; (C) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (D) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.1 mg · L−1 NAA; (E) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; (F) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (G) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.1 mg · L−1 NAA; (H) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; and (I) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA.
Effects of different media on the proliferation of adventitious buds of male sterile lily ‘5-35’: (A) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (B) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; (C) 0.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (D) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.1 mg · L−1 NAA; (E) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; (F) 1.0 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA; (G) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.1 mg · L−1 NAA; (H) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 0.5 mg · L−1 NAA; and (I) 1.5 mg · L−1 6-BA and 1.0 mg · L−1 NAA.

Supplementary Figure 5

Rooting of male sterile lilies: (A) ‘5-4’ seedling and (B) ‘5-35’ seedling.
Rooting of male sterile lilies: (A) ‘5-4’ seedling and (B) ‘5-35’ seedling.

Supplementary Figure 6

Morphological traits of ‘5-4’ flower.
Morphological traits of ‘5-4’ flower.

Supplementary Figure 7

The size of petals, filaments, and stigmas of ‘5-4’ flower.
The size of petals, filaments, and stigmas of ‘5-4’ flower.

Supplementary Figure 8

Morphological traits of ‘5-35’ flower.
Morphological traits of ‘5-35’ flower.

Supplementary Figure 9

Size of petals, filaments, and stigmas of ‘5-35’ flower.
Size of petals, filaments, and stigmas of ‘5-35’ flower.

Supplementary Figure 10

Morphological traits of callus of ‘5-4’ in vitro cultures.
Morphological traits of callus of ‘5-4’ in vitro cultures.

Supplementary Figure 11

Morphological traits of plantlet of ‘5-4’ in vitro cultures.
Morphological traits of plantlet of ‘5-4’ in vitro cultures.

Supplementary Figure 12

Morphological traits of callus of ‘5-35’ in vitro cultures.
Morphological traits of callus of ‘5-35’ in vitro cultures.

Supplementary Figure 13

Morphological traits of plantlet of ‘5-35’ in vitro cultures.
Morphological traits of plantlet of ‘5-35’ in vitro cultures.

Effects of different hormone concentration ratios on proliferation of ‘5-4’ adventitious buds.

Treatment Concentration (mg · L -1) No. of explants Multiplication factor
6-BA NAA
C1 0.5 0.1 60 1.79 ± 0.15 g
C2 0.5 0.5 60 1.70 ± 0.12 g
C3 0.5 1.0 60 2.28 ± 0.15 f
C4 1.0 0.1 60 3.21 ± 0.28 d
C5 1.0 0.5 60 2.89 ± 0.17 e
C6 1.0 1.0 60 2.36 ± 0.18 f
C7 1.5 0.1 60 4.56 ± 0.25 b
C8 1.5 0.5 60 5.24 ± 0.32 a
C9 1.5 1.0 60 3.77 ± 0.19 c

The relationship between stigma secretion and stigma receptivity.

Genotype The time at which a secretion began to appear on the stigma (days after anthesis) The time at which a secretion began to peak (days after anthesis) The time at which the stigma began to be receptive (days after anthesis) The time at which stigma receptivity began to peak (days after anthesis)
‘3-1’ 1 2 2 3
‘5-4’ 2 4 - -
‘5-35’ 1 3 2 4
‘0-0.2’ 3 4 3 4
‘5-21’ 2 3 3 5
‘3-12’ 0 2 3 4

Effect of different growth regulator combinations on adventitious bud induction.

Treatment group NAA (mg · L-1) 6-BA (mg · L-1)
1 0.5 0.1
2 0.5 0.5
3 0.5 1.0
4 1.0 0.1
5 1.0 0.5
6 1.0 1.0
7 1.5 0.1
8 1.5 0.5
9 1.5 1.0

The pollen germination rate of the parent lily.

Number Varieties Germination rate (%) Average germination rate (%)
A7 Pollyanna 88.34 86.08 90.22 88.21
A8 Prato 94.87 92.67 93.78 93.77
A9 Sorbonne 80.53 83.72 86.47 83.57

Characteristics and locations of hybrid progeny cultivars and the sampling times of floral organs.

Cultivar Female parent Male parent Plant location Sampling time Image
‘3-1’ (A1) Pink Beauty Pollyanna Harbin July 2017
‘5-4’ (A2) Pink Beauty Pollyanna Harbin August 2017
‘5-35’ (A3) Pink Beauty Pollyanna Harbin August, 2017
‘0-0.2’ (A4) Pink Beauty Pollyanna Harbin September 2017
‘5-21’ (A5) Pollyanna Prato Harbin September 2017
‘3-1’ (A1) Pollyanna Sorbonne Harbin July 2017

The relationship between receptivity and seeding in offspring of plant hybridisation.

Number Cultivar Receptivity Seeding Picture
1 ‘3-1’ ++ ++
2 ‘5-4’ − − −
3 ‘5-35’ + +
4 ‘0-0.2’ ++ ++
5 ‘5-21’ + +
6 ‘3-12’ ++ ++

Effects of different hormone concentration ratios on proliferation of ‘5-35’ adventitious buds.

Treatment Concentration (mg · L -1) No. of explants Multiplication factor
6-BA NAA
C1 0.5 0.1 60 1.63 ± 0.12 h
C2 0.5 0.5 60 1.69 ± 0.15 h
C3 0.5 1.0 60 2.01 ± 0.09 g
C4 1.0 0.1 60 3.16 ± 0.24 e
C5 1.0 0.5 60 3.48 ± 0.15 d
C6 1.0 1.0 60 2.84 ±0.17 f
C7 1.5 0.1 60 3.96 ± 0.29 c
C8 1.5 0.5 60 4..96 ± 0.36 a
C9 1.5 1.0 60 4.41 ± 0.33 b

The seed of filial generation Lilium.

Combination Seeding rate (%) Seed morphology 1,000 seed weight (g)
A1 × A7 32 Orange, shrivelled 0.017
A2 × A7 36 Yellow, shrivelled 0.021
A3 × A7 26 Yellow, shrivelled 0.018
A4 × A7 39 Bright yellow, shrivelled 0.016
A5 × A7 22 Bright yellow, shrivelled 0.019
A6 × A7 25 Bright yellow, shrivelled 0.017

Effects of different hormone concentration ratios on adventitious bud proliferation.

Treatment group 6-BA (mg · L-1) NAA (mg · L-1)
1 0.5 0.1
2 0.5 0.5
3 0.5 1.0
4 1.0 0.1
5 1.0 0.5
6 1.0 1.0
7 1.5 0.1
8 1.5 0.5
9 1.5 1.0

Effect of different plant hormone concentration ratios on adventitious bud induction of ‘5-4’ and ‘5-35’ scales.

Treatment Concentration (mg · L -1) No. of explants Induction rate (%)
NAA 6-BA 5-4 5-35
CK 0 0 60 7.33 ±0.51 h 6.74 ± 0.57 h
B1 0.5 0.1 60 12.69 ± 1.45 g 13.41 ± 1.68 g
B2 0.5 0.5 60 20.67 ± 1.87 f 25.41 ± 1.03 f
B3 0.5 1.0 60 28.49 ± 2.11 e 33.84 ± 1.54 e
B4 1.0 0.1 60 37.94 ± 2.16 d 37.13 ± 2.37 e
B5 1.0 0.5 60 70.98 ± 3.85 a 46.77 ± 2.52 d
B6 1.0 1.0 60 55.25 ± 1.96 c 54.93 ± 2.26 c
B7 1.5 0.1 60 59.66 ± 2.17 b 66.58 ± 2.72 b
B8 1.5 0.5 60 62.41 ± 3.03 b 72.36 ± 3.04 a
B9 1.5 1.0 60 61.56 ± 2.56 b 65.29 ± 2.97 b

Description of stigma receptivity of ‘3-12’ lily.

Genotype Stigma receptivity at different days after anthesis
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
‘3-1’ − + ++ +++ ++ ++ + −
‘5-4’ − − − − − − − −
‘5-35’ − + ++ ++ + + + −
‘0-0.2’ − + + ++ + + + −
‘5-21’ − + ++ +++ +++ + + −
‘3-12’ − + +++ +++ ++ ++ + −

Characteristics and locations of parental cultivars and the sampling times of floral organs.

Cultivar Series Ploidy Plant location Sampling time Image
Pollyanna (A7) AA Diploid Harbin July 2013
Prato AA Diploid Harbin July 2013
Sorbonne OO Diploid Harbin August 2013
Pink Beauty AA Diploid Harbin August 2013
eISSN:
2083-5965
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
2 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Life Sciences, Plant Science, Zoology, Ecology, other
Kanał RSS czasopisma