<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The use of waste apple-wood as a source of sawdust to cultivate the mushrooms <italic>Pleurotus ostreatus</italic> and <italic>Lentinula edodes</italic> is a common practice, but it is imperative to ensure that the wood does not contain unsafe amounts of heavy-metals or pesticide residues. In this study, we sampled and investigated the pollution of heavy metals and pesticide residues in apple-wood from Yantai, Shandong, China and cultivated <italic>P. ostreatus</italic> and <italic>L. edodes</italic> using apple-wood as substrate. Heavy metals, pesticide residues, mineral elements, and biological efficiency were measured. Heavy metals were more commonly detected in the 73 apple-wood samples, but serious pollution was only an isolated phenomenon. No Pb was detected in <italic>P. ostreatus</italic> and <italic>L. edodes</italic>. The contents of Hg, As, Cd, and Cr were at safe levels. The contents of Ni were equivalent to those of wild mushrooms. Most notably, chlorpyrifos was detected in all the apple-wood tested. However, chlorpyrifos was only detected in <italic>L. edodes</italic> cultivated with apple sawdust. No other pesticide residues were detected in the other mushroom samples. The biological efficiency of <italic>P. ostreatus</italic> cultivated by apple sawdust was 89%, which was 80% of the control. The biological efficiency of <italic>L. edodes</italic> cultivated with apple sawdust was 81%, which did not differ significantly from the control. Apple-wood can replace wild oak as the material for <italic>L. edodes</italic> cultivation, but producers should ensure that the raw materials are safe. The main materials chosen to cultivate <italic>P. ostreatus</italic> should balance the two factors of raw material price and biological efficiency.</p>
</abstract>

The use of waste apple-wood as a source of sawdust to cultivate the mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes is a common practice, but it is imperative to ensure that the wood does not contain unsafe amounts of heavy-metals or pesticide residues. In this study, we sampled and investigated the pollution of heavy metals and pesticide residues in apple-wood from Yantai, Shandong, China and cultivated P. ostreatus and L. edodes using apple-wood as substrate. Heavy metals, pesticide residues, mineral elements, and biological efficiency were measured. Heavy metals were more commonly detected in the 73 apple-wood samples, but serious pollution was only an isolated phenomenon. No Pb was detected in P. ostreatus and L. edodes. The contents of Hg, As, Cd, and Cr were at safe levels. The contents of Ni were equivalent to those of wild mushrooms. Most notably, chlorpyrifos was detected in all the apple-wood tested. However, chlorpyrifos was only detected in L. edodes cultivated with apple sawdust. No other pesticide residues were detected in the other mushroom samples. The biological efficiency of P. ostreatus cultivated by apple sawdust was 89%, which was 80% of the control. The biological efficiency of L. edodes cultivated with apple sawdust was 81%, which did not differ significantly from the control. Apple-wood can replace wild oak as the material for L. edodes cultivation, but producers should ensure that the raw materials are safe. The main materials chosen to cultivate P. ostreatus should balance the two factors of raw material price and biological efficiency.

Waste apple wood: A safe and economical alternative substrate for the cultivation of <italic>Pleurotus ostreatus</italic> and <italic>Lentinula edodes</italic>

Shandong Key Laboratory of Edible Mushroom Technology/Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong

Folia Horticulturae

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Waste apple wood: A safe and economical alternative substrate for the cultivation of  and 

The use of waste apple-wood as a source of sawdust to cultivate the mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes is a common practice, but it is...

Waste apple wood: A safe and economical alternative substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes

Article Category: Original Article

Data publikacji: 01 wrz 2022

Zakres stron: 173 - 185

Otrzymano: 17 mar 2022

Przyjęty: 18 lip 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0014

Słowa kluczowe
apple wood, biological efficiency, heavy metals, mineral elements, pesticide residues

© 2022 Guorong Yu et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Waste apple wood: A safe and economical alternative substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes

Article Category: Original Article

Data publikacji: 01 wrz 2022

Zakres stron: 173 - 185

Otrzymano: 17 mar 2022

Przyjęty: 18 lip 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0014

Słowa kluczoweapple wood, biological efficiency, heavy metals, mineral elements, pesticide residues

© 2022 Guorong Yu et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Słowa kluczowe
apple wood, biological efficiency, heavy metals, mineral elements, pesticide residues