Data publikacji: 17 gru 2023
Zakres stron: 585 - 600
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bgbl-2023-0047
Słowa kluczowe
© 2023 Justyna Kupsz et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Introduction
Rational nutrition is the basis of a healthy lifestyle that many of us strive for. The employment shift work system, = often enforces a fast pace of life on workers, which does not always allow for maintaining a normal circadian rhythm. Therefore, the above-mentioned healthy lifestyle based on a healthy, balanced diet, adequate physical activity adjusted to gender, age or physiological condition, and good sleep hygiene becomes unattainable.
Aim of the study
The aim of this study was to assess selected health and nutritional behaviors among a group of shift workers and compare it to those of people employed in a one-shift system.
Materials and methods
The research was conducted on a group of 50 people, of which half constituted the study group (shift workers) and the remaining half, the control group (people employed in a one-shift system). The methodology used was the komPan questionnaire which contained questions about eating habits, physical activity, sleep, and the use of stimulants. The analysis of the results was carried out using the Statistica program (version 12) - StatSoft, at the level of the test probability p <0.05.
Results
Shift workers tended to have 3-4 meals a day, (68%), whereas single-shift employees, 4-5 (72%). The analysis of the frequency of consumption of selected meals showed that rotational employees consumed less wholemeal bread (p = 0.009) and mineral water/tap water (p = 0.037). There were no statistically significant differences in the level of snacking frequency; however, the verification of snacks consumed showed that shift workers usually chose sweetened beverages and milk desserts (p = 0.026). Alcoholic beverages respondents from both groups indicated alcohol intake in the range of 1-3 times a month (40% of one-shift employees and 52% of shift workers. A statistically significant difference between the groups was shown by determining physical activity during work (p = 0.000). Its high level was declared by shift workers (52%), while its low level was declared by single-shift workers (56%). Night shift workers tended to sweeten their hot drinks (p = 0.000), as compared with people who did not work at night. They were also less likely to consume wholemeal bread (r = − 0.331).
Conclusions
The study showed a reduced level of pro-health behavior among shift workers, as compared with those employees working in a one-shift system.