Uses of Eugenol in Aquaculture: Benefits and Applications –A Review

Aquaculture is a pivotal industry for global food production, facing challenges such as environmental conditions, and disease. Stress, a significant factor compromising fish health, suppresses immune functions and increases disease susceptibility. Anesthetic agents like eugenol (EU), derived from clove oil (Eugenia caryophyllata), offer promising stress mitigation in aquaculture. EU, known for its anesthetic and analgesic properties in human medicine, shows potential as a safe anesthetic in aquaculture. This review examines EU’s effects on cortisol levels, hematological, and biochemical parameters across various fish species, highlighting its role in stress reduction and improving production efficiency.