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New Approaches to Comprehensive Electrochemical Processing of Sulfate-Chloride High-Mineralized Wastewater Treatment Residues

Tetyana Shabliy
Tetyana Shabliy
, 
Olena Ivanenko
Olena Ivanenko
, 
Sergii Plashykhin
Sergii Plashykhin
, 
Nonna Pavliuk
Nonna Pavliuk
, 
Artem Safiants
Artem Safiants
 oraz 
Dmytro Sidorov
Dmytro Sidorov
   | 20 paź 2023
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Data publikacji: 20 paź 2023
Zakres stron: 171 - 180
Otrzymano: 25 kwi 2023
Przyjęty: 19 cze 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2023-0044
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© 2023 Tetyana Shabliy et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Dependence of acidity, alkalinity, and current efficiency on electrolysis time of sodium sulfate (324 mg-eq/dm3) and sulfuric acid (625 mg-eq/dm3) solutions in a three-chamber electrolyzer (cation membrane MC-40; anion membrane MA-41) at a current density of 6.62 A/dm2 (ACEmid = 57.9%; ALEmid = 18.2%)
Dependence of acidity, alkalinity, and current efficiency on electrolysis time of sodium sulfate (324 mg-eq/dm3) and sulfuric acid (625 mg-eq/dm3) solutions in a three-chamber electrolyzer (cation membrane MC-40; anion membrane MA-41) at a current density of 6.62 A/dm2 (ACEmid = 57.9%; ALEmid = 18.2%)

Figure 2.

Dependence of acidity, alkalinity, and current efficiency on time of electrolysis of sodium sulfate (324 mg-eq/dm3) and sulfuric acid (590 mg-eq/dm3) solution in a three-chamber electrolyzer (cationic membrane MC-40; anionic membrane MA-41) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (ACEmid=55.2%; ALEmid=17.3%)%)
Dependence of acidity, alkalinity, and current efficiency on time of electrolysis of sodium sulfate (324 mg-eq/dm3) and sulfuric acid (590 mg-eq/dm3) solution in a three-chamber electrolyzer (cationic membrane MC-40; anionic membrane MA-41) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (ACEmid=55.2%; ALEmid=17.3%)%)

Figure 3.

Dependence of acidity, alkalinity, and current efficiency on time of electrolysis of sodium sulfate (324 mg-eq/dm3) and sulfuric acid (590 mg-eq/dm3) solutions in a two-chamber electrolyzer (cationic membrane MC-40) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (ACEmid = 13.0%; ALEmid = 13.4%)
Dependence of acidity, alkalinity, and current efficiency on time of electrolysis of sodium sulfate (324 mg-eq/dm3) and sulfuric acid (590 mg-eq/dm3) solutions in a two-chamber electrolyzer (cationic membrane MC-40) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (ACEmid = 13.0%; ALEmid = 13.4%)

Figure 4.

Dependence of acidity, alkalinity, and acid current efficiency on the electrolysis time of sodium sulfate (408 mg-eq/dm3), magnesium sulfate (667 mg-eq/dm3), and sodium sulfate (363 mg-eq/dm3) solutions in a two-compartment electrolyzer (MA-41 membrane) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (ACEmid = 39.0%)
Dependence of acidity, alkalinity, and acid current efficiency on the electrolysis time of sodium sulfate (408 mg-eq/dm3), magnesium sulfate (667 mg-eq/dm3), and sodium sulfate (363 mg-eq/dm3) solutions in a two-compartment electrolyzer (MA-41 membrane) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (ACEmid = 39.0%)

Figure 5.

Dependence of acidity, alkalinity, and acid current efficiency during electrolysis in a three-chamber electrolyzer (cationic membrane MC-40, anionic membrane MA-41) and a two-chamber electrolyzer (anionic membrane MA-41) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm3 of sodium sulfate solution (450 mg-eq/dm3) and alkali (53 mg-eq/dm3) (ACEmid(6)=50.2%; ALEmid(7)=47.81%; ACEmid(8)=33.4%; ALEmid(9)=27.3%)
Dependence of acidity, alkalinity, and acid current efficiency during electrolysis in a three-chamber electrolyzer (cationic membrane MC-40, anionic membrane MA-41) and a two-chamber electrolyzer (anionic membrane MA-41) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm3 of sodium sulfate solution (450 mg-eq/dm3) and alkali (53 mg-eq/dm3) (ACEmid(6)=50.2%; ALEmid(7)=47.81%; ACEmid(8)=33.4%; ALEmid(9)=27.3%)

Figure 6.

Dependence of sulfate concentration, chloride concentration, acidity, alkalinity, and free chlorine content (mCl2) on time of electrolysis of sodium sulfate solution (C=250 mg-eq/dm3), sodium chloride solution (C=517 mg-eq/dm3), and sodium hydroxide solution (C=86 mg-eq/dm3) in a three-chamber electrolyzer (cationic membrane MC-40, anionic membrane MA-41) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (BmidS042−=22.6%; BmidCl−c=1.6%; BmidCl2c=52.4%; ACEmid=24.1%; ALEmid=59.2%)
Dependence of sulfate concentration, chloride concentration, acidity, alkalinity, and free chlorine content (mCl2) on time of electrolysis of sodium sulfate solution (C=250 mg-eq/dm3), sodium chloride solution (C=517 mg-eq/dm3), and sodium hydroxide solution (C=86 mg-eq/dm3) in a three-chamber electrolyzer (cationic membrane MC-40, anionic membrane MA-41) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (BmidS042−=22.6%; BmidCl−c=1.6%; BmidCl2c=52.4%; ACEmid=24.1%; ALEmid=59.2%)

Figure 7.

Dependency of sulfate concentration, chloride concentration, acidity, alkalinity, and amount of free chlorine (mCl2) on electrolysis time of sodium sulfate solution (C=300 mg-eq/dm3) and sodium chloride solution (C=250 mg-eq/dm3) in a three-chamber electrolyzer (cationic membrane MC-40, anionic membrane MA-41) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (BmidS042−=22.3%; BmidCl−c=1.5%; BmidCl2c = 20.0%; ACEmid=25.0%; ALEmid=37.9%)
Dependency of sulfate concentration, chloride concentration, acidity, alkalinity, and amount of free chlorine (mCl2) on electrolysis time of sodium sulfate solution (C=300 mg-eq/dm3) and sodium chloride solution (C=250 mg-eq/dm3) in a three-chamber electrolyzer (cationic membrane MC-40, anionic membrane MA-41) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (BmidS042−=22.3%; BmidCl−c=1.5%; BmidCl2c = 20.0%; ACEmid=25.0%; ALEmid=37.9%)

Figure 8.

Dependency of sulfate concentration, chloride concentration, acidity, alkalinity, and amount of free chlorine (mCl2) on electrolysis time of sodium chloride solution (276 mg-eq/dm3) and sodium sulfate solution (250 mg-eq/dm3) in a two-chamber electrolyzer (anionic membrane MA-41) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (BmidS042−=11.3%; BmidCl−c=0.3%; BmidCl2c =13.0%; ACEmid=11.7%; ALEmid=16.9%)
Dependency of sulfate concentration, chloride concentration, acidity, alkalinity, and amount of free chlorine (mCl2) on electrolysis time of sodium chloride solution (276 mg-eq/dm3) and sodium sulfate solution (250 mg-eq/dm3) in a two-chamber electrolyzer (anionic membrane MA-41) at a current density of 3.97 A/dm2 (BmidS042−=11.3%; BmidCl−c=0.3%; BmidCl2c =13.0%; ACEmid=11.7%; ALEmid=16.9%)

Dependence of acidity (alkalinity) of anodic, cathodic, and working solutions on the time of electrolysis of sodium sulfate solution (C=32 g/dm3), current density, and type of electrolyzer

Electrolysis time, t, hours Number of chambers I, A/dm2 Membrane Cathode zone Anode zone Working zone, concentration (C), mg-eq/dm3
Cationic Anionic Acidity, mg-eq/dm3 B, % Alkalinity, mg-eq/dm3 B, %
I II I II I II
3.5 3 3.97 MC-40 MA-41 1 437 55.6 1 426 54.2 - 4
4.0 3 3.97 437 828 43.6 426 715 32.4 4 0
3.5 3 3.97 828 1096 34.2 715 987 34.7 0 2
4.5 3 3.97 1096 1448 34.9 987 1301 31.2 2 0
4.0 3 3.97 1448 1751 33.8 1301 1571 30.1 0 6
5.0* 3 6.62 9 1012 53.6 1 824 44.1 0 586
6.0 2 3.97 - 9 346 25.7 1 468 34.7 - -
7.0 2 3.97 MC-40 - 9 400 24.9 1 446 28.4 - -
eISSN:
2720-6947
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
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