Cotton (
Multiple methods are used to reduce
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are root-colonizing bacteria that enhance plant growth and biological control against multiple plant pathogens (Olanrewaju et al., 2017).
In the presence of different carbohydrates (pectin, sucrose, xylan or galactose),
The overall goal of this study was to evaluate the combined application of
LC-MS analysis was performed at the Auburn University Mass Spectrometry Center using an ultra-performance LC system (ACQUITY, Waters Corp., USA) coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Q-Tof Premier, Waters) with electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive and negative mode using Masslynx software (V4.1). A 10 µl sample was injected into a C4 column (Aeris Widepore C4, 3.6 µm, 2.1 × 50 mm, Phenomenex) with a 300 μ L/min flow rate of the mobile phase. In positive mode, the mobile phase was solution A (0.1% formic acid in water) and solution B (95% acetonitrile, 5% H2O, and 0.1% formic acid) was initiated beginning at 0% B, held for 2 min, then linear ramping to 50% B in 18 min, followed by ramping to 100% B in 8 min and held at 100% B for 2.5 min, and then back to 0% B in 0.5 min with 4 min of re-equilibration at 0% B. In negative mode, the mobile phase was solution A (2 mM ammonium formate in water) and solution B (100% acetonitrile) beginning at 2% B, held for 2 min, then linear ramping to 50% B in 18 min, followed by ramp to 95% B in 8 min, held at 95% B for 2.5 min, and back to 2% B in 0.5 min with 4 min of re-equilibration at 2% B. The capillary voltage was set at 3.1 kV in positive mode and 2.8 kV in negative mode, the sample cone voltage was 30 V, and the extraction cone was 4.3 V. The source and desolvation temperature were maintained at 105 and 300 °C, respectively, with the desolvation gas flow at 600 L/hr. The Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (TOF/MS) scan was 1 sec long from 80 to 1400 m/z with a 0.02 sec inter-scan delay using the centroid data format. The lock mass was used to correct instrument accuracy with a 2.5 µg/mL solution of leucine encephalin (Bachem H-2740). The data were converted to mzXML and analyzed with XCMS Online (Huan et al., 2017).
The greenhouse test was to evaluate the combined effects of
Field soil (Malbis fine sandy loam 59% sand, 31% silt, 10% clay, <1% OM) was collected from the E.V. Smith Research Center of Auburn University (near Shorter, AL) and was mixed with sand at a ratio (2:1). In the greenhouse experiments, the soil/sand mix was placed into each 150 cm3 cone-tainers. Two soybean (DD VSG 75140) and two cotton seeds (DPL1558 NRB2RF) were placed into 2 cm depth of each cone-tainer to ensure seed germination. The different treatment group inocula (i.e. cell pellet suspensions, culture broths, or supernatants) of
All data collected from the in vitro bioassay and greenhouse tests were analyzed with SAS 9.4 software (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA) using the PROC GLIMMIX (Generalized Linear Mixed Models) procedure that performs estimation and statistical inference for GLIMMIX at the
A spore preparation of
Effects of orange peel power (OPP) amendment on the mortality of J2 of
Soybean root length of plants treated with culture broth from
Effect of
Treatmenta | Shoot length (cm)b | Root length (cm) | Shoot fresh weight (g) | Root fresh weight (g) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TSB-grown cells | 58.0 | a | 22.5 | ab | 6.51 | ab | 3.91 | ab |
OPP (supernatant) | 67.4 | a | 21.9 | abc | 8.12 | ab | 4.20 | ab |
Glucose (supernatant) | 66.8 | a | 19.9 | cde | 7.55 | ab | 3.98 | ab |
OPP (Cells) | 72.3 | a | 22.0 | abc | 9.06 | ab | 4.92 | a |
Glucose (Cells) | 62.5 | a | 20.1 | bcde | 8.43 | ab | 3.42 | ab |
OPP (Culture) | 72.0 | a | 22.6 | a | 10.20 | a | 4.11 | ab |
Glucose (Culture) | 60.8 | a | 19.0 | e | 8.25 | ab | 4.00 | ab |
OPP | 62.5 | a | 21.4 | abcd | 8.12 | ab | 3.65 | ab |
Glucose | 67.9 | a | 20.0 | cde | 5.95 | ab | 2.53 | b |
|
||||||||
Untreated control |
Effect of
Shoot length | Root length | Shoot fresh | Root fresh | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatmenta | (cm)b | (cm) | weight (g) | weight (g) | ||||
TSB-grown cells | 26.0 | ab | 18.5 | abc | 2.6 | a | 1.7 | a |
OPP (supernatant) | 27.3 | ab | 20.2 | ab | 2.5 | a | 1.7 | a |
Glucose (supernatant) | 26.8 | ab | 18.2 | abc | 2.5 | a | 1.6 | a |
OPP (Cells) | 30.7 | a | 21.2 | ab | 2.2 | a | 1.9 | a |
Glucose (Cells) | 27.0 | ab | 16.1 | bc | 2.7 | a | 1.6 | a |
OPP (Culture) | 30.6 | ab | 20.1 | ab | 2.4 | a | 1.4 | a |
Glucose (Culture) | 28.8 | ab | 18.1 | abc | 2.5 | a | 1.6 | a |
OPP | 23.2 | ab | 17.7 | abc | 2.1 | a | 1.7 | a |
Glucose | 22.6 | b | 16.1 | bc | 2.3 | a | 1.1 | a |
|
20.0 | b | 14.3 | c | 1.7 | a | 0.9 | a |
Untreated control | 26.2 | ab | 21.8 | a | 2.7 | a | 1.3 | a |
Effects of
Effects of
Numerous secondary metabolites were detected in the supernatant of
Predicted secondary metabolites found in cell-free supernatants of
Treatmenta | RT (min)b | Product ions (m/z) | RA/CFUc | Predicted metabolites |
---|---|---|---|---|
OPAP203 1 | 6.69 min | 211.11 | 21.11 | 1,3-Diphenyl-2-propanone |
OPAP203 2 | 6.63 min | 253.12 | 25.31 | p-(3,4-Dihydro-6-methoxy-2-naphthyl) phenol |
OPAP203 3 | 3.39 min | 295.17 | 29.51 | (E)-1,1,-(1,2-Diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl) bis (4-methoxybenzene) |
OPAP203 4 | 2.40 min | 206.12 | 20.61 | 3-(Dimethylamino) propyl benzoate |
GluAP203 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
OPP | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Glucose | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
List of predicted secondary metabolites found in cell-free supernatants of
Query ID | Query m/z | Name of the bioactive compounds | Formula | Exact mass |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 101.0711 | Gyromitrin;Acetaldehyde methylformylhydrazone | C4H8N2O | 100.0636629 |
2 | 103.0559 | Indoleacetic acid | C10H9NO2 | 175.0633285 |
3 | 103.0559 | 5-Hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde | C10H9NO2 | 175.0633285 |
4 | 104.0549 | 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, 9CI; (±)-form, O-Sulfate | C8H18O4S | 210.0925798 |
5 | 104.0568 | 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, 9CI; (±)-form, O-Sulfate | C8H18O4S | 210.0925798 |
7 | 104.0585 | Histidinyl-Glycine | C8H12N4O3 | 212.0909403 |
8 | 104.0585 | D-Glycero-D-galacto-heptitol | C7H16O7 | 212.0896029 |
9 | 104.0585 | Glycyl-Histidine | C8H12N4O3 | 212.0909403 |
10 | 104.0707 | N-methyl-beta-alanine | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
11 | 104.0707 | (2S)-2-Nitrobutane | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
13 | 104.0707 | Ethyl carbamic acid methyl ester | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
14 | 104.0707 | N-Methyl-L-alanine | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
15 | 104.0707 | HBA | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
16 | 104.0707 | DL-3-aminobutyrate | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
17 | 104.0707 | Mefenamic acid | C15H15NO2 | 241.1102787 |
18 | 104.0707 | N-[2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]benzamide | C15H15NO2 | 241.1102787 |
19 | 104.0707 | 2-Amino-2-methylpropanoate;2-Aminoisobutyric acid | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
20 | 104.0707 | (R,S)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
21 | 104.0707 | beta-alanine-methyl-ester | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
22 | 104.0707 | N,N-Dimethylglycine;Dimethylglycine | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
23 | 104.0707 | N-Ethylglycine | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
24 | 104.0707 | (R)-2-Aminobutanoic acid;(S)-2-Aminobutanoate | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
25 | 104.0707 | 1-nitrobutane | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
26 | 104.0707 | 4-Aminobutanoate;4-Aminobutanoic acid | C4H9NO2 | 103.0633285 |
27 | 105.0366 | 3-methylthiopropanal | C4H8OS | 104.0295856 |
28 | 105.0366 | Acutifolane A | C16H22O3 | 262.1569 |
29 | 105.0366 | tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide | C4H8OS | 104.0295856 |
30 | 105.0367 | 3-methylthiopropanal | C4H8OS | 104.0295856 |
31 | 105.0367 | tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide | C4H8OS | 104.0295856 |
32 | 105.0372 | 3-methylthiopropanal | C4H8OS | 104.0295856 |
33 | 105.0372 | tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide | C4H8OS | 104.0295856 |
34 | 105.0376 | 3-methylthiopropanal | C4H8OS | 104.0295856 |
35 | 105.0376 | tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide | C4H8OS | 104.0295856 |
37 | 105.044 | 3-cyanopyridine | C6H4N2 | 104.0374481 |
38 | 105.044 | 2-Cyanopyridine | C6H4N2 | 104.0374481 |
39 | 105.044 | 4-Cyanopyridine | C6H4N2 | 104.0374481 |
40 | 105.0441 | (+)-18-Hydroxy-7,16-sacculatadiene-11,12-dial | C20H30O3 | 318.2195 |
41 | 105.0441 | ent-7alpha-hydroxykaur-16-en-19-oic acid | C20H30O3 | 318.2195 |
42 | 105.0441 | 2-Cyanopyridine | C6H4N2 | 104.0374481 |
43 | 105.0441 | Oxymesterone | C20H30O3 | 318.2194948 |
44 | 105.0441 | 4-Cyanopyridine | C6H4N2 | 104.0374481 |
45 | 105.0441 | 3-cyanopyridine | C6H4N2 | 104.0374481 |
46 | 105.0441 | 8-oxo-5E,9Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid | C20H30O3 | 318.2195 |
47 | 105.0441 | 9-oxo-5E,7Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid | C20H30O3 | 318.2195 |
48 | 105.0441 | 11-oxo-5E,8Z,12Z,14Z-Eicosatetraenoic acid | C20H30O3 | 318.2195 |
49 | 105.0441 | (+)-7beta-Hydroxy-15-beyeren-19-oic acid | C20H30O3 | 318.2195 |
50 | 105.0557 | Tyrosyl-Tyrosine | C18H20N2O5 | 344.1372218 |
51 | 105.0651 | Aminoserine | C3H8N2O2 | 104.0585775 |
52 | 105.0651 | L-2,3-Diaminopropionate | C3H8N2O2 | 104.0585775 |
53 | 105.0651 | Hydroxyaminoalanine | C3H8N2O2 | 104.0585775 |
54 | 105.0662 | 2,3-Diaminopropanoic acid | C3H8N2O2 | 104.0585775 |
55 | 105.0672 | 4,-O-Methylbavachalcone | C22H24O4 | 352.1675 |
56 | 105.0672 | Ovalichalcone | C22H24O4 | 352.1675 |
57 | 105.0672 | Pongagallone A | C22H24O4 | 352.1675 |
58 | 105.0672 | Candidone | C22H24O4 | 352.1675 |
59 | 105.0672 | Methylhildgardtol A | C22H24O4 | 352.1675 |
60 | 105.0672 | Methylhildgardtol B | C22H24O4 | 352.1675 |
61 | 105.0672 | Xuulanin | C22H24O4 | 352.1675 |
62 | 105.0715 | Valganciclovir | C14H22N6O5 | 354.1651678 |
63 | 105.0733 | 12-hydroxyjasmonic acid 12-O-beta-D-glucoside | C19H30O8 | 386.1941 |
64 | 105.0733 | Citroside A | C19H30O8 | 386.1940679 |
65 | 105.0733 | 6,9-Dihydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one | C19H30O8 | 386.1940679 |
66 | 107.0845 | p-Xylene;1,4-Dimethylbenzene;p-Methyltoluene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
67 | 107.0845 | Ethylbenzene;Phenylethane;Ethylbenzol;Ethylenzene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
68 | 107.0845 | o-Xylene;o-Dimethylbenzene;o-Methyltoluene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
69 | 107.0845 | m-Xylene;1,3-Dimethylbenzene;1,3-Xylene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
70 | 107.0848 | o-Xylene;o-Dimethylbenzene;o-Methyltoluene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
71 | 107.0848 | m-Xylene;1,3-Dimethylbenzene;1,3-Xylene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
72 | 107.0848 | p-Xylene;1,4-Dimethylbenzene;p-Methyltoluene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
73 | 107.0848 | Ethylbenzene;Phenylethane;Ethylbenzol;Ethylenzene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
74 | 107.0848 | O-6-deoxy-a-L-galactopyranosyl | C20H33NO14 | 511.1901048 |
75 | 107.0851 | o-Xylene;o-Dimethylbenzene;o-Methyltoluene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
76 | 107.0851 | m-Xylene;1,3-Dimethylbenzene;1,3-Xylene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
77 | 107.0851 | p-Xylene;1,4-Dimethylbenzene;p-Methyltoluene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
78 | 107.0851 | Ethylbenzene;Phenylethane;Ethylbenzol;Ethylenzene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
79 | 107.0858 | p-Xylene;1,4-Dimethylbenzene;p-Methyltoluene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
80 | 107.0858 | Ethylbenzene;Phenylethane;Ethylbenzol;Ethylenzene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
81 | 107.0858 | o-Xylene;o-Dimethylbenzene;o-Methyltoluene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
82 | 107.0858 | m-Xylene;1,3-Dimethylbenzene;1,3-Xylene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
83 | 107.0858 | Daunorubicin | C27H29NO10 | 527.1791462 |
84 | 107.0859 | m-Xylene;1,3-Dimethylbenzene;1,3-Xylene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
85 | 107.0859 | p-Xylene;1,4-Dimethylbenzene;p-Methyltoluene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
86 | 107.0859 | Ethylbenzene;Phenylethane;Ethylbenzol;Ethylenzene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
87 | 107.0859 | o-Xylene;o-Dimethylbenzene;o-Methyltoluene | C8H10 | 106.0782503 |
88 | 109.0287 | 1,2-Benzoquinone | C6H4O2 | 108.0211294 |
89 | 109.0287 | Quinone;p-Benzoquinone;Chinone | C6H4O2 | 108.0211294 |
90 | 109.0306 | Hordatine B glucoside | C35H50N8O10 | 742.3649899 |
91 | 109.0306 | Hydroxymethylmethylsilanediol | C2H8O3Si | 108.0242707 |
92 | 109.0309 | Hydroxymethylmethylsilanediol | C2H8O3Si | 108.0242707 |
93 | 109.0309 | Monothioglycerol | C3H8O2S | 108.0245002 |
94 | 109.0315 | Hydroxymethylmethylsilanediol | C2H8O3Si | 108.0242707 |
95 | 109.0316 | Hydroxymethylmethylsilanediol | C2H8O3Si | 108.0242707 |
96 | 109.0316 | Hydroxymethylmethylsilanediol | C2H8O3Si | 108.0242707 |
97 | 109.0321 | Hydroxymethylmethylsilanediol | C2H8O3Si | 108.0242707 |
98 | 109.0642 | Benzenemethanol;Phenylmethanol;Phenylcarbinol | C7H8O | 108.0575149 |
99 | 109.0642 | o-Cresol;2-Hydroxytoluene;o-Methylphenol | C7H8O | 108.0575149 |
100 | 109.0642 | 3-Cresol;m-Cresol;3-Hydroxytoluene | C7H8O | 108.0575149 |
101 | 109.0642 | 4-Cresol;p-Cresol;4-Hydroxytoluene | C7H8O | 108.0575149 |
102 | 109.0642 | Anisole;Methoxybenzene;Methyl phenyl ether | C7H8O | 108.0575149 |
103 | 111.0434 | Resorcinol;Resorcin;1,3-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
104 | 111.0434 | Hydroquinone;p-Benzenediol;1,4-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
105 | 111.0434 | 5-Methyl-2-furaldehyde;5-Methyl-2-furfural | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
106 | 111.0434 | o-Benzosemiquinone | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
107 | 111.0434 | Catechol;1,2-Benzenediol;o-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
108 | 111.0434 | Benzosemiquinone;p-Benzosemiquinone | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
109 | 111.0437 | Resorcinol;Resorcin;1,3-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
110 | 111.0437 | Hydroquinone;p-Benzenediol;1,4-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
111 | 111.0437 | 5-Methyl-2-furaldehyde;5-Methyl-2-furfural | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
112 | 111.0437 | Catechol;1,2-Benzenediol;o-Benzenedio | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
113 | 111.0437 | Benzosemiquinone;p-Benzosemiquinone | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
114 | 111.0438 | 2-Furanmethanol | C5H6O2 | 98.03677944 |
115 | 111.0438 | Benzosemiquinone;p-Benzosemiquinone | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
116 | 111.0438 | Resorcinol;Resorcin;1,3-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
117 | 111.0438 | Hydroquinone;p-Benzenediol;1,4-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
118 | 111.0438 | 5-Methyl-2-furaldehyde;5-Methyl-2-furfural | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
119 | 111.0438 | o-Benzosemiquinone | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
120 | 111.0438 | penta-2,4-dienoic acid;beta-vinyl acrylic acid | C5H6O2 | 98.0368 |
121 | 111.0438 | Catechol;1,2-Benzenediol;o-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
122 | 111.0438 | 5-Methyl-2(3H)-furanone | C5H6O2 | 98.03677944 |
123 | 111.0447 | o-Benzosemiquinone | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
124 | 111.0447 | Catechol;1,2-Benzenediol;o-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
125 | 111.0447 | Benzosemiquinone;p-Benzosemiquinone | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
126 | 111.0447 | Resorcinol;Resorcin;1,3-Benzenediol;1,3-Dihydroxybenzene | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
127 | 111.0447 | Hydroquinone;p-Benzenediol;1,4-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
128 | 111.0447 | 5-Methyl-2-furaldehyde;5-Methyl-2-furfural | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
129 | 111.0448 | o-Benzosemiquinone | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
130 | 111.0448 | Catechol;1,2-Benzenediol;o-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
131 | 111.0448 | Benzosemiquinone;p-Benzosemiquinone | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
132 | 111.0448 | Resorcinol;Resorcin;1,3-Benzenediol;1,3-Dihydroxybenzene | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
133 | 111.0448 | Hydroquinone;p-Benzenediol;1,4-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
134 | 111.0451 | Catechol;1,2-Benzenediol;o-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
135 | 111.0451 | Benzosemiquinone;p-Benzosemiquinone | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
136 | 111.0451 | Resorcinol;Resorcin;1,3-Benzenediol;1,3-Dihydroxybenzene | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
137 | 111.0451 | Hydroquinone;p-Benzenediol;1,4-Benzenediol | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
138 | 111.0451 | 5-Methyl-2-furaldehyde;5-Methyl-2-furfural | C6H6O2 | 110.0367794 |
139 | 121.0316 | Dimethylsulfonioacetate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
140 | 121.0316 | 3-(Methylthio)propionic acid;3-Methylthiopropionate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
141 | 121.0316 | sulfolane | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
142 | 121.032 | Dimethylsulfonioacetate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
143 | 121.032 | 3-(Methylthio)propionic acid;3-Methylthiopropionate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
144 | 121.032 | sulfolane | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
145 | 121.0324 | Dimethylsulfonioacetate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
146 | 121.0324 | 3-(Methylthio)propionic acid;3-Methylthiopropionate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
147 | 121.0324 | sulfolane | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
148 | 121.0325 | Dimethylsulfonioacetate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
149 | 121.0325 | 3-(Methylthio)propionic acid;3-Methylthiopropionate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
150 | 121.0325 | sulfolane | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
151 | 121.0325 | Dimethylsulfonioacetate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
152 | 121.0325 | 3-(Methylthio)propionic acid;3-Methylthiopropionate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
153 | 121.0325 | sulfolane | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
154 | 121.0325 | Dimethylsulfonioacetate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
155 | 121.0325 | 3-(Methylthio)propionic acid;3-Methylthiopropionate | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
156 | 121.0325 | sulfolane | C4H8O2S | 120.0245002 |
157 | 121.037 | 3-nitro-1-propionate | C3H6NO4 | 120.0296827 |
158 | 121.0379 | 3-nitro-1-propionate | C3H6NO4 | 120.0296827 |
159 | 121.05 | 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methyl-propanoic acid | C4H8O4 | 120.0422587 |
160 | 121.05 | L-(+)-Erythrose;D-threo-Aldose;D-Erythrulose | C4H8O4 | 120.0422587 |
161 | 121.05 | 3-Deoxytetronic acid | C4H8O4 | 120.0422587 |
162 | 121.05 | 4-Deoxyerythronic acid | C4H8O4 | 120.0422587 |
163 | 121.05 | L-Erythrulose;L-glycero-Tetrulose | C4H8O4 | 120.0422587 |
164 | 121.05 | 3,4-Dihydroxybutyric acid | C4H8O4 | 120.0422587 |
165 | 121.05 | D-Threose;D-threo-Tetrose;D-Erythrose | C4H8O4 | 120.0422587 |
166 | 121.0516 | Purine | C5H4N4 | 120.0435961 |
167 | 122.0962 | 3,4-DIMETHYLANILINE | C8H11N | 121.0891494 |
168 | 122.0962 | 1-Phenylethylamine;alpha-Phenylethylamine | C8H11N | 121.0891494 |
169 | 122.0962 | N-Ethylaniline;N-Ethylbenzenamine | C8H11N | 121.0891494 |
170 | 122.0962 | Phenethylamine;2-Phenylethylamine;beta-Phenylethylamine | C8H11N | 121.0891494 |
171 | 122.0962 | 2,4-Dimethylaniline;2,4-DMA | C8H11N | 121.0891494 |
172 | 122.0962 | N,N-Dimethylaniline; N,N-Dimethylbenzenamine | C8H11N | 121.0891494 |
173 | 122.0965 | 1-Phenylethylamine;alpha-Phenylethylamine | C8H11N | 121.0891494 |
174 | 122.0965 | 2,6-Dimethylaniline | C8H11N | 121.0891494 |
175 | 122.0965 | N-Ethylaniline;N-Ethylbenzenamine | C8H11N | 121.0891494 |
176 | 122.0965 | 2,5-Dimethylalanine | C8H11N | 121.0891494 |
177 | 122.0965 | 2-Phenylethylamine;beta-Phenylethylamine | C8H11N | 121.0891494 |
178 | 181.0694 | Sorbose;xylo-Hexulose;D-Fructose | C6H12O6 | 180.0633881 |
179 | 181.0694 | 2-Deoxy-D-gluconate | C6H12O6 | 180.0633881 |
180 | 181.0694 | Ketose | C6H12O6 | 180.0633881 |
181 | 181.0996 | Methylphophonic acid diisopropyl ester | C7H17O3P | 180.0915309 |
182 | 229.1235 | 1,1-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane | C15H16O2 | 228.1150298 |
183 | 229.1235 | Mansonone C | C15H16O2 | 228.1150298 |
184 | 229.1235 | Bisphenol A;2,2-Bis(4-Hydroxyphenyl)propane | C15H16O2 | 228.1150298 |
185 | 229.1235 | dihydropinosylvin monomethylether | C15H16O2 | 228.1150298 |
186 | 229.1285 | Deoxyguanidinoproclavaminic acid | C9H16N4O3 | 228.1222404 |
187 | 229.1298 | Deoxyamidinoproclavaminate | C9H16N4O3 | 228.1222404 |
188 | 230.058 | Lamivudine;3TC;2’,3’-Dideoxy-3’-thiacytidine | C8H11N3O3S | 229.0521119 |
189 | 230.058 | Carbonylphophonic acid | C9H12NO4P | 229.0503944 |
190 | 230.058 | 2,3-Dihydroxy-2’-carboxybiphenyl | C13H9O4- | 229.0500838 |
191 | 357.1718 | Rutamarin | C21H24O5 | 356.1623739 |
191 | 357.1718 | Gingerenone A | C21H24O5 | 356.1623739 |
192 | 357.1718 | alpha,beta-dihydroxanthohumol | C21H24O5 | 356.1623739 |
193 | 357.1718 | Kadsurenone;Denudatin B | C21H24O5 | 356.1623739 |
194 | 371.0795 | Rebamipide | C19H15ClN2O4 | 370.0720347 |
195 | 371.0795 | Digalacturonate;Digalacturonic acid | C12H18O13 | 370.0747407 |
196 | 371.0795 | 1,2-beta-D-Glucuronosyl-D-glucuronate | C12H18O13 | 370.0747407 |
197 | 371.145 | Napththalene-2-sulfonamide | C20H22N2O3S | 370.1351133 |
198 | 371.1501 | iso-dehydrocycloxanthohumol hydrate | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
199 | 371.1501 | xanthohumol D | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
200 | 371.1501 | 5’-Prenylhomoeriodictyol;Sigmoidin B 3’-methyl ether | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
201 | 371.1501 | xanthohumol B | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
202 | 371.1501 | curcumin | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
203 | 371.1501 | Alkannin beta,beta-dimethylacrylate | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
204 | 371.1501 | Sophoraisoflavanone A | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
205 | 371.1509 | iso-dehydrocycloxanthohumol hydrate | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
206 | 371.1509 | xanthohumol D | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
207 | 371.1509 | 5’-Prenylhomoeriodictyol;Sigmoidin B 3’-methyl ether | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
208 | 371.1509 | xanthohumol B | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
209 | 371.1509 | curcumin | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
210 | 371.1509 | Alkannin beta,beta-dimethylacrylate | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
211 | 371.1509 | Sophoraisoflavanone A | C21H22O6 | 370.1416384 |
212 | 371.1528 | Galactan;Amylose | C14H26O11 | 370.1475117 |
213 | 371.1528 | Galactan;Amylose | C14H26O11 | 370.1475117 |
214 | 371.1541 | Galactan;Amylose | C14H26O11 | 370.1475117 |
215 | 404.1365 | trifluoperazine | C21H20F3N3S | 403.1330029 |
216 | 404.1484 | Ampicillin trihydrate | C16H25N3O7S | 403.1413209 |
217 | 405.1191 | Spectinomycin dihydrochloride | C14H26Cl2N2O7 | 404.1117066 |
218 | 405.1267 | Sulfinpyrazone;Sulfoxyphenylpyrazolidine | C23H20N2O3S | 404.1194632 |
219 | 405.1269 | Sulfinpyrazone;Sulfoxyphenylpyrazolidine | C23H20N2O3S | 404.1194632 |
LC-MS/MS spectra of the peaks eluted at 6.69 min (m/z of 211.11).
LC-MS/MS spectra of the peaks eluted at 2.40 min (m/z of 206.12).
LC-MS/MS spectra of the peaks eluted at 6.63 min (m/z of 253.12) and 3.39 min (m/z of 295.17).
This study demonstrated that the PGPR
The results from the greenhouse tests suggested that cell pellet, culture broth, and supernatant of
The four metabolites that were specifically produced by
In conclusion,