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Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against the pupal stage of the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Muhammad Usman
Muhammad Usman
, 
Sehrish Gulzar
Sehrish Gulzar
, 
Waqas Wakil
Waqas Wakil
, 
Jaime C. Piñero
Jaime C. Piñero
, 
Tracy C. Leskey
Tracy C. Leskey
, 
Laura J. Nixon
Laura J. Nixon
, 
Camila Oliveira-Hofman
Camila Oliveira-Hofman
, 
Shaohui Wu
Shaohui Wu
 oraz 
David Shapiro-Ilan
David Shapiro-Ilan
   | 28 lip 2020
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Data publikacji: 28 lip 2020
Zakres stron: 1 - 9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2020-079
Słowa kluczowe
© 2020 Muhammad Usman et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Mean percentage survival (± SEM) of Rhagoletis pomonella pupae when exposed to various treatments in 30-ml soil cups for 7 days (short-term bioassay). Control = no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Hmeg = Heterorhabditis megidis UK211 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sg-VS = Steinernema glaseri VS strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).
Mean percentage survival (± SEM) of Rhagoletis pomonella pupae when exposed to various treatments in 30-ml soil cups for 7 days (short-term bioassay). Control = no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Hmeg = Heterorhabditis megidis UK211 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sg-VS = Steinernema glaseri VS strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Figure 2:

Mean percentage survival (± SEM) of Rhagoletis pomonella pupae when exposed to various treatments in 30-ml soil cups for 30 days (long-term bioassay). Control=no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Hmeg = Heterorhabditis megidis UK211 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sg-VS = Steinernema glaseri VS strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).
Mean percentage survival (± SEM) of Rhagoletis pomonella pupae when exposed to various treatments in 30-ml soil cups for 30 days (long-term bioassay). Control=no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Hmeg = Heterorhabditis megidis UK211 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sg-VS = Steinernema glaseri VS strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Figure 3:

Mean percentage adult Rhagoletis pomonella emergence (± SEM) following exposure to various treatments for 30 days in a pot experiment. Control=no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).
Mean percentage adult Rhagoletis pomonella emergence (± SEM) following exposure to various treatments for 30 days in a pot experiment. Control=no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).
eISSN:
2640-396X
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
Volume Open
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Life Sciences, other
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