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Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against the pupal stage of the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Muhammad Usman

Muhammad Usman

Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture FaisalabadPunjab, India
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Usman, Muhammad
, 
Sehrish Gulzar

Sehrish Gulzar

Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture FaisalabadPunjab, India
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Gulzar, Sehrish
, 
Waqas Wakil

Waqas Wakil

Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture FaisalabadPunjab, India
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Wakil, Waqas
, 
Jaime C. Piñero

Jaime C. Piñero

Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of MassachusettsMassachusetts, US State
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Piñero, Jaime C.
, 
Tracy C. Leskey

Tracy C. Leskey

USDA-ARSWest Virginia, US State
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Leskey, Tracy C.
, 
Laura J. Nixon

Laura J. Nixon

USDA-ARSWest Virginia, US State
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Nixon, Laura J.
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Camila Oliveira-Hofman

Camila Oliveira-Hofman

USDA-ARS, SE Fruit and Tree Nut Research LaboratoryByron, Georgia
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Oliveira-Hofman, Camila
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Shaohui Wu

Shaohui Wu

Department of Entomology, University of GeorgiaTifton, Georgia
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Wu, Shaohui
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David Shapiro-Ilan

David Shapiro-Ilan

USDA-ARS, SE Fruit and Tree Nut Research LaboratoryByron, Georgia
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Shapiro-Ilan, David
  
28 lug 2020
Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against the pupal stage of the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae)'s Cover Image
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Pubblicato online: 28 lug 2020
Pagine: 1 - 9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2020-079
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© 2020 Muhammad Usman et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Mean percentage survival (± SEM) of Rhagoletis pomonella pupae when exposed to various treatments in 30-ml soil cups for 7 days (short-term bioassay). Control = no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Hmeg = Heterorhabditis megidis UK211 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sg-VS = Steinernema glaseri VS strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).
Mean percentage survival (± SEM) of Rhagoletis pomonella pupae when exposed to various treatments in 30-ml soil cups for 7 days (short-term bioassay). Control = no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Hmeg = Heterorhabditis megidis UK211 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sg-VS = Steinernema glaseri VS strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Figure 2:

Mean percentage survival (± SEM) of Rhagoletis pomonella pupae when exposed to various treatments in 30-ml soil cups for 30 days (long-term bioassay). Control=no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Hmeg = Heterorhabditis megidis UK211 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sg-VS = Steinernema glaseri VS strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).
Mean percentage survival (± SEM) of Rhagoletis pomonella pupae when exposed to various treatments in 30-ml soil cups for 30 days (long-term bioassay). Control=no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Hmeg = Heterorhabditis megidis UK211 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sg-VS = Steinernema glaseri VS strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Figure 3:

Mean percentage adult Rhagoletis pomonella emergence (± SEM) following exposure to various treatments for 30 days in a pot experiment. Control=no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).
Mean percentage adult Rhagoletis pomonella emergence (± SEM) following exposure to various treatments for 30 days in a pot experiment. Control=no nematodes, Sc-ALL = Steinernema carpocapsae ALL strain, Hb-VS = Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VS strain, Hi-HOM1 = Heterorhabditis indica HOM1 strain, Sf-SN = Steinernema feltiae SN strain, Sr-355 = Steinernema riobrave 355 strain. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance according to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).
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