<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Slovene nationalism has developed along the lines of the so-called Eastern nationalisms, which are characterised by their understanding of culture and ethnicity as the fundamental unifying element of a nation. Accordingly, the prevailing view is that the Slovene nation and Slovene emigration are based on Slovene ethnic origin and the Slovene language, wherefore the members of other ethnic groups (Germans, Hungarians, Jews, etc.) are excluded from the concept of Slovene nationhood or Slovene emigration, despite their longstanding presence in the territory of the Republic of Slovenia. Indeed, the question arises; if they do not belong to Slovene emigration, to whose emigration do they belong? Based on the civic (voluntaristic, territorial) understanding of the nation and field research conducted among the Gottscheer diaspora in the USA, Canada, Austria and Germany, I analyse the problem described in the case of Gottschee Germans.
</abstract>

Are the Gottschee Germans in Diaspora a Part of Slovene Emigration?

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
This study analyses the current situation and solutions for supporting minority ethnic households in Thanh Hoa, Vietnam, in improving their sustainable poverty alleviation capacity, by interviewing 3,400 representatives from poor and poverty-alleviated households of six ethnic minorities (Thai, Tho, Muong, Hmong, Dao, and Khmu) in Thanh Hoa province. The statistical results describe the number of laborers in the households, the educational level of the head of the household, health capacity, skills, labor production experience of the households, capital mobilization capabilities for business, and proposed solutions for enhancing human capital to leverage sustainable poverty. Minority ethnic households need to participate in training and vocational programs to improve their educational level, knowledge, understanding, and skills to enhance their sustainable poverty alleviation capacity.
</abstract>

Improving Human Capital to Support Ethnic Minority Families: The Case of Thanh Hoa, Vietnam

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
This study analyses the visual coverage of the 2022 Russian-Ukrainian conflict on Asian news sites, utilising the frameworks of war and peace journalism. Conducting a content analysis of 397 images from seven leading Asian news sites, we contribute to the literature on visual coverage, particularly from online platforms. Our analysis identifies the predominant visual narratives employed by these news sites and offers insights into variations in coverage intensity, regional and ethnic focuses, portrayal of age groups, and depiction of harm. The study extends the understanding of framing theory by analysing visual frames, providing valuable implications for future visual studies and contributing to a deeper understanding of conflict portrayal in online news media.
</abstract>

Visualising War / Peace Photographs: A Comparative Analysis of Selected Asian News Sites’ Coverage of the 2022 Russian-Ukrainian Conflict

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
During the dialectological research carried out in recent years in some Istrian-Venetian localities (towns), we have learned from conversations with dialect speakers that the Istrian-Venetian dialect is most probably the language of communication of most members of the Italian national community in the coastal part of Slovene Istria. In order to get a more accurate and detailed insight into the use of the Istrian-Venetian dialect spoken by Italians in formal and informal speech situations, we conducted a quantitative survey with 232 randomly selected respondents and a qualitative survey with 50 interviews. The respondents answered various multiple-choice questions about the languages they use in their daily lives. Research has shown that the Istrian-Venetian dialect is the predominant idiom among members of the Italian national community in Slovene Istria, except when communicating with non-Italian interlocutors and in official institutions where, despite the right to use their language, i.e., Italian, the predominant language is Slovene.
</abstract>

Istrian-Venetian Dialect among the Members of the Italian National Minority in Slovene Istria

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The following article discusses the poetic output in Beneška Slovenia (Benečija) written for the Senjam Song Festival of Benečija. While considering the context of the region’s history and migrations, it focuses on the literary aspects of the festival, particularly on the analysis of the themes and the poetry writing technique. It builds on certain theoretical premises from literary imagology and psychoanalysis. The subject of the analysis are the lyrics from the period between 1971 and 2012, published in a three-volume collection featuring over 150 authors. The article notes the following most prevalent themes: issues of assimilation, migration, and the dying of villages in Benečija. Categorised by basic mood, they fall under one of two extremes: they are either cheerful and humorous in order to encourage and bring joy and hope to the Slovenes of Benečija; or they are pervaded with deep pain and concern over the situation in their region. The lyrics of the latter use a particular writing technique, which merely hints at the pressures of assimilation, conveying them through images and metaphors.
</abstract>

The Coded Literary Discourse of the Senjam Song Festival of Benečija

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Racial/ethnic categorization in medicine presents challenges for clinicians and patients alike. Challenges arise because racial/ethnic identities do not match with objective biological traits, and at the same time, these identities do have medical consequences in a racially and ethnically stratified society. Three major epistemological approaches – biological realism, eliminativism, and constructivism – dominate scientific theorization on the consequences of racial/ethnic categorization in medicine. In this paper, I present a case study of Hungarian medical genetic discourse that focuses on the possible applications of race/ethnicity regarding Roma and non-Roma patients. In applying the methods of constructivist grounded theory, I recorded and analysed 34 expert interviews with human geneticists between 2011 and 2015. In this paper, I argue that the constructivist understanding of medical diagnoses must be complemented with materialist sensitivity, thus making sense of the contingent nature of race/ethnicity as factors that contribute to medical understanding.
</abstract>

Implications of Racial/Ethnic Classification in the Hungarian Post-Genomic Medical Discourse

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
In official narratives, Austria was seen for decades as the first victim of Nazi Germany that had to participate in national socialist felonies. A remembrance of “dutiful” soldiers who gave their lives in the “fight for their fatherland” (Kühnel 2022, 199) is over-represented in public space, while the persecuted victims of national socialism are little remembered. The Austria-wide digital platform DERLA, the Digital Memorial Landscape, established in 2023, makes all memorials to the victims of the Nazi era (as well as didactic material) available on the Internet. The analysis of the information collected on this platform makes it possible to add new findings to academic literature. This article focuses on bilingual Carinthia, provides an insight into new memorials for the victims of national socialism, and compares the Carinthian memorial landscape both spatially and geographically.
</abstract>

Commemorative Signs for Nazi Era Victims across Space and Time – DERLA Kärnten/Koroška

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The article delves into the understanding of the notion of kin-state or homeland among members of the Italian national community in Slovene Istria. The authors find that both the notions of kinness and homeland remain theoretically unclear and incomplete, posing significant challenges to the exploration of the amalgamated theoretical construct of kin-homeland as each investigation into this topic begins “ab ovo”. The authors also note methodological inconsistencies across various studies investigating this concept. Their key finding is that members of the Italian national community in Slovenia regard the concept of kin-state or homeland as outdated, attributing this perception to the fluidity of identities that renders binary modes of thinking obsolete.
</abstract>

“<italic>Io ho avuto molti problemi con questo concetto di Nazione Madre</italic>”: The Notion of Kin-State from the Perspective of Members of the Italian National Community in Slovenia

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The civic and political participation of immigrants in the receiving country are important dimensions of the integration process. However, immigrants often encounter various barriers in accessing individual forms of participation, either due to legal barriers or due to informal opposition from the majority population. This article aims to examine the attitudes of the majority population towards the civic and political participation of immigrants in Slovenia and the factors influencing such attitudes. The survey on a representative sample of Slovene residents revealed predominantly negative attitudes of the majority population towards both civic and political participation of immigrants. Particularly notable is the opposition to granting immigrants active and passive voting rights. Relevant factors influencing such attitudes include gender, age, education, the type of settlement in which the respondents reside, and their ideological orientation.
</abstract>

Attitudes of the Majority Population towards the Civic and Political Participation of Immigrants in Slovenia

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The article addresses the phenomenon of mass migration through an intersectional analysis, highlighting the interaction of discriminatory practices and exploring common exclusion mechanisms in the case of two minority groups: Muslim women and migrants/refugees. The starting point of the analysis is the media discourse on two legal documents addressing the ban of Muslim women’s headgear and the problem of illegal migration (the Marrakesh Declaration). The results of the research are applied to a broader reflection on the causes and consequences of discriminatory policies on minority and immigrant communities.
</abstract>

Media Representations and Practices of Discrimination against Immigrants from an Intersectional Perspective

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The article presents the views and opinions of the members of the Italian national community regarding the organisation of their institutions and schools and regarding state borders with Italy and Croatia during the Covid-19 epidemic in Slovenia. The main purpose of the study, which took the form of a telephone interview, was to explore the situation of the Italian national community during this period. Given the uncertainty awaiting it in the future, the Italian national community will need to find new ways to get closer to its members.
</abstract>

The Italian National Community in Slovenia during the Covid-19 Epidemic

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The article presents some preliminary considerations and outcomes of a research programme conducted within the project Eduka2. The investigations brought to light the need of a new or – at least – renewed educational model in the multilingual border area between Italy in Slovenia. Both communities (the Slovenian in Italy and the Italian in Slovenia) have already established their own schooling system with the minority language used as the vehicular language in the education processes. Even though this model seems to be the most successful and efficient in ensuring the development of the speakers’ communication competence, many studies have shown its limits – these limits are now confirmed also by the data collected within the project Eduka2. The article presents some open sociolinguistic issues that could have a negative impact on the maintenance of the minority languages, and suggests a possible solution with an upgrade of the existing schooling model.
</abstract>

Minority Languages Between Italy and Slovenia – Why Do We Need a Cross-Border Schooling System

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
In the settlement area of the Slovene national and linguistic minority in Italy the situations in which Slovene language varieties are used are scarce. The main share of the responsibility for developing effective communication skills in Slovene is therefore transferred to the didactically structured environment. This paper examines the obstacles faced by educational institutions in developing communicative competence in Slovene, the extent to which these obstacles are tackled in the didactic-methodical structure of Slovene lessons conducted at Slovene-language schools in Italy, and the manner in which this is reflected in national examinations, the matura examination, i.e., a school-leaving examination at the end of the upper-secondary school, and the INVALSI examinations for different levels of schooling. The paper outlines the guidelines for conducting communication-based lessons and offers an example of good practice, namely a lesson plan developed within the project EDUKA 2 – Cross-Border Governance of Education.
</abstract>

Communicative Competence in Schools with Slovene as the Language of Instruction in Italy

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
On the 30th anniversary of independence of the Republic of Slovenia, the article offers an insight into the basic social and cultural characteristics of the population of young speakers of Slovene in Italy. The authors attempt to define the role that young Slovene speakers in Friuli - Venezia Giulia can play in the common Slovene space and explore their attitudes towards the Republic of Slovenia on an emotional, symbolic and practical level. In doing so, they rely mainly on research conducted over the last fifteen years. They conclude that this population is not fully centred on preserving traditional cultural values and language: it is primarily a population with high human and intellectual potential, which is already an important player in cross-border and other forms of cooperation along the Slovene-Italian border and attaches greater value to multilingualism than to nationality, ethnicity and the development of the Slovene minority in Italy.
</abstract>

Young Slovene Speakers in Italy and Their Attitudes towards the Republic of Slovenia

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Italy was the first country of the Western world to experience the outburst of the Covid-19 pandemic, and slowing it down required a swift and sizable adaptation of all aspects of life in Italy. Based on a preliminary qualitative study and relying on existing primary and secondary data sources, the author explores the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Slovene community in Italy. Although the community shared the same fate as the rest of Italy’s population in terms of restrictive measures and limitations to human rights, the author argues that some of the measures had a different, sometimes disproportionate and harmful effect on the community. Similarly, the changes in modus vivendi et operandi of the minority and its members that appeared as a side-effect of the pandemic may alter significantly the functioning of the minority in the future, and wider integration processes in the cross-border region may be slowed down or even reversed.
</abstract>

The Slovene Community in Italy and the Covid-19 Pandemic

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The authors present a case study on the development and evaluation of teaching materials for teaching Slovene in schools with Slovene as language of instruction and in the sloveneitalian bilingual school in Italy, as developed in the INTERREG project EDUKA2. The authors discuss possible developmental perspectives in the field of minority language teaching and preparation of teaching materials. The authors note that modern technology offers some answers to the challenges of distributing and sharing teaching materials among school and kindergarten teachers, and that the Slovenian community in Italy could take advantage of it, and conclude that the role of teachers and educators is still essential in upgrading and adapting teaching materials.
</abstract>

Developing Teaching Materials for Teaching Slovene in FVG: A Case Study and Development Opportunities

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