<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Many organizations, at some point or another, have to face a crisis situation. In that scenario, the way in which the organization communicates makes or breaks the organization’s success in dealing with the crisis. Especially after the emergence of the social media, the impact of crisis communication on the process of successful crisis management has become even greater than before. Organizations have to take the initiative, to be proactive and create a plan for crisis communication. This paper is focused on the comparative study of the communication approaches followed by Cadbury and McDonalds during a period when the companies were dealing with a crisis. The findings of the content analysis show that a company should respond to the crisis as quickly as possible to avoid loss in terms of sales. The initial statement of the companies during a crisis should be clear, positive and through the right channel to help the company regain its reputation on the market. Advertising is the best way to convey the message across the world because the crisis situation that has come up in one market can soon catch-up in the other markets where the company operates. The company has to connect with the consumers on emotional grounds because the crisis breaks down the faith of the consumers in the company. The recovery actions that support the statements also play an important role during the crisis situation. By following the above-mentioned communication strategies, organizations can achieve damage control as well as turn the crisis into an opportunity to grow.</abstract>

Keep calm and carry on: A crisis communication study of Cadbury and McDonalds

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The role of small businesses is critical in the growth of an economy, and in certain circumstances these necessitate financial aid for their sustainability. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the profitability and efficiency of the financial management of the intervention for the improvement of the socio-economic condition of the small businesses in Santol, La Union, Philippines. The article specifically addressed the functionality of the financial aid relative to the actions taken by the beneficiaries for their small businesses, the profitability and efficiency of financial management condition of the small businesses, and the impact on the socio-economic condition of the small business beneficiaries. The study utilized the descriptive type of research mixing qualitative and quantitative analysis by applying financial ratios. It covered the small businesses from three associations and their 127 members. It was found that the association-beneficiaries deposited the money in a bank before the loaning services. The small businesses became profitable and efficient in utilizing the financial aid. The overall socio-economic impact is good as reflected in the results of their financial management. The small businesses of the associations were able to continue operating and provided loaning services to their needy members. It is concluded that with close monitoring and evaluation, small businesses that were granted financial aid are profitable and efficient in their financial operations. It is then recommended that monitoring and evaluation as well as the provision of interventions for the small businesses be sustained to ensure contribution of small businesses to the economic growth of the society.</abstract>

Profitability and efficiency evaluation of the financial management of a socio-economic intervention

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Framed by the consumer-brand relationship theory, this paper investigates the path from the brand-consumer behaviour interaction to the relationship durability and stability, through brand relationship quality. Specifically, it examines brand experience as an antecedent of brand love, and customer loyalty and satisfaction as outcomes in the retail setting. Based on 560 customers’ responses to a face-to-face questionnaire administered in a fashion brand retail store, research hypotheses were tested using a structural equation model. The findings suggest that brand experience influences brand love, with a higher incidence of sensory and affective dimensions. Brand love, in turn, influences customer loyalty, both directly and indirectly through customer satisfaction. This research contributes to the still understudied relation between brand experience and brand love in the retail context and to the need to understand the satisfaction-loyalty relation involving other variables as predictors. Nevertheless, results are limited to one specific retail fashion brand and generalizations should be taken carefully.</abstract>

Brand Love as Mediator of the Brand Experience-Satisfaction-Loyalty Relationship in a Retail Fashion Brand

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>This paper aims to investigate the impact of dynamic capabilities constructs i.e. sensing capability, learning capability, and reconfiguration capability on organizational effectiveness in the selected Iraqi public universities context. This study adopted the survey method to collect primary data. An online questionnaire was distributed to around 342 employees, out of which 215 completed questionnaires were obtained. The data were collected during the period from 02-08-2018 to 03-10-2018. The reliability and validity of the dimensions are assessed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the hypotheses are tested by using structural equation modeling SEM. The analytical results indicate that sensing capability does not have a positive impact on organizational effectiveness while learning capability and reconfiguration capability have a positive impact on organizational effectiveness. Thus, this study provides a better understanding of the effects of dynamic capabilities. The results of this study have the potential to help the decision-makers of universities to develop learning capability and reconfiguration capability, in turn, universities will be able to achieve superior organizational effectiveness.</abstract>

The Impact of Dynamic Capabilities on Organizational Effectiveness

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Digital platforms have the ability to connect people, organizations and resources with the aim of facilitating the core interactions between businesses and consumers as well as assuring a greater efficiency for the business management. New business concepts, such as innovative start-ups, are therefore created based on innovation, scalability and the relationships within the community around them. The purpose of this work is to deeply understand the evolution of business models brought by innovative and dynamic companies operating through online platforms. In order to achieve the objectives set, an exploratory multiple-case study was designed based on in-depth structured interviews. The aim was to conduct a mixed analysis, in order to rely both on qualitative and quantitative data. The structured interview protocol was therefore designed to collect and then analyse data concerning the company profile and managers’ perspectives on the phenomenon of interest. The interview protocol was submitted in advance and then face-to-face interviews were carried out with the following professional figures: Chief Executive Officer (CEO), General Manager, Chief Technology Officer (CTO), Marketing Manager and Developers. Collected data were analysed and processed through the Canvas Business Model in order to clearly outline similarities and differences among the sample. Results can be considered under two viewpoints. On the one hand, this work provides a detailed overview of the companies interviewed, according to the dimensions of: reference market dynamics, type and number of customers, scalability. On the other one, they allow to identify some success patterns regarding key activities, key resources, channel mix strategy, costs management, value proposition, customer segmentation, key partners and the way to obtain revenues. Results from the multiple-case study with 15 Italian start-ups provide interesting insights by comparing the innovative business models developed and highlighting key differences and similarities. Overall, the start-ups analyzed, operating in several sectors, showed great growth prospects and the possibility to create value for their customers through innovative products and services offered through digital platforms.</abstract>

The impact of Digital Platforms on Business Models: an empirical investigation on innovative start-ups

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Consumer behaviour analysis is a key aspect for the success of e-business. The main objective of the study is to analyse the impact of selected user experience factors on e-commerce web site visiting (technology). The objective of the study is to create a model that will explain the impact of each major factor on the user experience and the re-visit of the e-shop. To explain the use of e-commerce technology, in the second part we have modified the original technology acceptance model (TAM) with other constructs. Specifically, there are modern technologies such as social networks or mobile apps that affect the use of e-shops. The TAM model is one of the most used models of what the system uses to identify the perceived usefulness and perceived simplicity of use from the user’ side. For the main advantage of our study, we consider that we have highlighted the importance of the factor of modern technology and therefore of social networks, mobile applications and contextual advertising. This factor, along with the other two factors, has been incorporated into our model and has shown that modern technologies have a direct impact and are therefore directly related to the frequency using the e-commerce websites.</abstract>

Technology acceptance model in e-commerce segment

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Sustainable entrepreneurship (SE) is crucial in achieving the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, many micro-, small- and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Malaysia are still considered conventional businesses; therefore, it is necessary to transform them into sustainable enterprises. The initial step is to build up their intention towards SE. However, studies pertaining to SE intention are still considered low. Therefore, this study examined the influence of institutional factors on SE intention among Malaysian MSMEs. The institutional model was employed in identifying the influencing factors, namely governmental actions, social norms, and time orientation. A quantitative research method was employed. The sample was selected using proportionate stratified sampling. A total of 342 owner-managers of manufacturing MSMEs were surveyed using an online self-administered questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed through partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed that governmental actions, social norms, and time orientation were significant in influencing SE intention positively. It could be concluded that components in the institutional model should not be neglected in fostering SE intention. This study shed light on the applicability of institutional theory in studying SE intention and pointed out the crucial factors that should be taken into consideration when encouraging MSMEs to embark on SE.
</abstract>

Fostering sustainable entrepreneurial intention: the role of institutional factors

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
This study develops and confirms a model that examines the relationship between Big Data Analytics Capabilities (BDAC), Blockchain Technology (BT), and Internationalization Process (IP). It also requires various efforts to explore how Dynamic Accounting Information System Capability (DAISC) mediates the interconnections between BDAC, BT, and IP. This study focuses on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam, which are widely recognized as crucial to the Vietnamese economy. The current research utilized the hypothetico-deductive method. The proposed model's hypothesized linkages were based on a comprehensive evaluation of relevant literature and investigations. The statistics database was created using a paper-and-pencil survey distributed to 612 accountants in SMEs in southern Vietnam utilizing the convenient and snowball sampling technique. A covariance-based structural equation modelling approach was used to assess the measurement and structural models in this research due to its ability to offer a strong foundation for analyzing intricate linkages within a research framework. The outcome confirmed the significant and positive relationships between BDAC, BT, and IP. Concurrently, these relationships were partially influenced by DAISC. The practitioners would greatly benefit from detailed insights on the findings, as they would provide guidance on how to identify and take advantage of the growth opportunities afforded by digital technology. Moreover, the observations could provide policymakers with new insights on necessary policy measures to support the application of digital technologies and encourage the implementation of a dynamic accounting information system, which could result in significant benefits in the future.
</abstract>

Managing big data and blockchain for enterprise internationalization process: Mediating role of dynamic accounting system capability

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Bullying, harassment, and sexual harassment in the workplace are not new issues; they have always existed in various forms. Recent studies have highlighted their impacts on workers and their well-being at work. However, the perception of these problems differ across the United States, Europe, and Asia. These differences are reflected not only in terms of sensitivities, workplace policies, and relevant laws, but also in the language/vocabulary used to designate the same. Psychological harassment is a bitter issue for many who are affected by it. Unfortunately, it remains a less popular topic in academic research. This may be due to the sensitivity associated with the topic, the possible shame and value judgements of those involved, and the myriad cultural differences that complicate its perceptions. This study deals with the characteristics of psychological harassment in workplaces across Hungary and Slovakia. It addresses the following questions: How are the sources of psychological bullying perceived in the two countries, how do victims tolerate the abuse they are subjected to, and what factors influence the same. The study also examines whether the company’s tools for combating psychological bullying in the workplace have an impact on an employee’s decision to leave the organization as a result of mobbing. It conducted quantitative surveys involving 500 Hungarian and 108 Slovakian employees. The results were analyzed by the authors using SPSS version 28 with univariate and multivariate statistical methods. Frequency analysis, ANOVA, T- test and factor analysis, among others, were performed. The results show that the perception of the sources of psychological bullying and the tolerance of the related phenomena depend on a number of personal factors. However, the tools that firms use to deal with mobbing do not necessarily play a determining role in an employee’s decision to leave their workplace following psychological harassment.
</abstract>

Psychological harassment at work in Hungary and Slovakia

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Consolidating strategies in the banking sector to reduce the impact of resistance barriers to technological innovation can bring brands closer to older people, thus reinforcing the brand value of banking institutions; therefore, the objective of this research was to identify the incidence of resistance barriers to technological innovation on the dimensions of brand equity in the banking sector by elderly people. For this purpose, a descriptive correlational study was developed with 502 elderly people living in the city of Bogotá, Colombia, aged between 60 and 80 years old. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire applied in person, which was adjusted and validated based on the information obtained. The questionnaire assessed brand equity components of brand image and awareness, brand associations, perceived quality and performance, and brand loyalty, and included items to assess psychological and functional barriers. A confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were developed for the different barriers of resistance to technology and for the dimensions of brand equity, identifying that the different types of resistance to innovation affect only the dimensions of brand awareness and brand importance. The results lead to the conclusion that elderly people experience different barriers to using the technological applications of their banking products and that the design of these applications must consider them in order to achieve or maintain brand recognition in this segment, as well as to achieve true financial inclusion for elderly people.
</abstract>

Resistance to technological innovation and brand equity in the banking sector

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The migration of medical staff results in the diminution of human resources in the health sector, undermining the capacity of developing countries' health systems to provide medical services equitably. Various factors, such as economic, professional, political, social, or personal considerations, contribute to the decision of health workers to emigrate. This paper's primary objective is to analyze the prevailing trends in the migration flows and stocks of physicians and nurses, with a focus on identifying the principal pull factors of migration. The preferred destination countries for Romanian health professionals include the UK, Germany, France, and Italy. Notably, Germany stands out as a leader in health care professionals' migration flows, characterized by two distinct migration periods: the first featuring exceptionally high levels of physician migration and the second marked by increasing levels of nurses' migration. Through panel data regression analysis, we have established that the pull factors for physicians differ from those for nurses. For physicians, the presence of a Romanian community of health professionals in the destination countries is crucial, whereas for nurses, the development level of the destination country holds top importance.
</abstract>

Migration of health workers: key findings from Romania

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
E-commerce has become an integral part of people's daily lives due to the extensive use of the Internet. Moreover, customers' positive emotions are the good feelings that a person has because of their mood or good circumstances. These can include happiness, love, liking, pleasure, or joy. This study proposes to provide an analytical framework that includes factors (sales promotion, hedonic shopping motivation, and personalization) that affect positive emotions, which in turn affects the customers' intentions to make purchases and their actual behavior within the context of e-commerce platforms. This study used the cognitive emotion theory and emotion-action tendency connection as a theoretical framework. Convenience sampling was used in an online survey to collect data from 294 clients. The findings discovered that consumers' positive emotions in e-commerce platforms in Vietnam were affected favorably by key factors such as sales promotion (β = 0.502), hedonic shopping motivation (β = 0.217), and personalization (β = 0.207). Out of these factors, sales promotion (β = 0.502) was found to have the most favorable impact on customers' pleasant feelings. In the same way, customers' pleasant emotions (β = 0.758) had a strong positive influence on their inclination to shop. Furthermore, their shopping intention (β = 0.822) also had a considerable positive influence on their behavior. The study's results may help online retailers fully understand the determinants that affect customers' pleasant feelings, shopping intentions, and behavior. With this knowledge, online stores will be able to improve how they sell products.
</abstract>

Positive emotions influencing consumer shopping behavior on e-commerce platforms

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>During the COVID pandemic, many companies, schools, and public organizations all around the world asked their employees to work from home i.e. to adopt what are called “smart working” modalities. This has and will presumably have a serious impact on both employees and employers, which still needs to be clarified and investigated: indeed, if smart working becomes a common working modality, this may have a significant impact on both organizations and employees. This paper reports the results of an online survey of “smart workers” in Italy during the COVID pandemic, when a great number of employees suddenly moved to working from home with no or little preparation. The study offers interesting indications about the involvement and usefulness perception of smart working by the sampled people and makes it possible to single out different categories of employees based on their attitude towards this modality. Also, it points out the potential impact on socialization among colleagues, and the consequent implications for knowledge sharing and knowledge management. From the collected responses, a fully positive or negative conclusion about working from home was not possible, nor a clear indication about the efficiency and effectiveness of this working modality. The analysis, instead, highlighted the presence of different but numerically similar groups of people, i.e. those who were not satisfied at all with the experience, those who were very satisfied, and those who were “undecided”. Furthermore, respondents underlined the importance and the difficulty to maintain working contacts and the intense use of communication systems made for this purpose. Lastly, collected opinions on positive and negative aspects of working from home provided some practical suggestions about how to successfully implement this solution.</abstract>

Working from home during COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned and issues

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The COVID-19 crisis exposed the vulnerability and poor resilience of the global supply chains. The objective of this research is to reflect on the possible impacts of the Coronavirus crisis in the global supply chains and provide some recommendations to overcome the present situation, offering suggestions for future research: (1) What are the contingency factors affecting Supply Chains in the complex COVID-19 operating environment? (2) How do these factors affect post-COVID-19 operating performance? After a contextualization of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis and its impacts, theoretical background on Supply Chains and Supply Chain Management are presented, and a summary of the main scenarios for the post-COVID-19 crisis are discussed. The propositions regarding the contingency factors and their impact on the Supply Chain operating performance in post-COVID-19 suggest that successful companies will focus on creating a new kind of operational performance and minimize risks. To that end, companies will aim to improve their operations’ resilience (ability to resist, hold on, and recover from shocks) and accelerate the end-to-end digital transformation. Consumers will have to adapt to the contact-free economy, less low-cost supply chains, and put additional emphasis on service levels. Governments will reinforce the focus in the health sector supply chain and increase spending in the health and social care sectors. Furthermore, the longer, the more concentrated, the less transparent, and the more price sensitivity is the supply chain, the more challenging the adaptation to the new pos pandemic realities. Suggestions for future research are also provided.</abstract>

COVID- 19: outcomes for Global Supply Chains

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The pandemic COVID-19 has severely affected the global economy. The strict lockdown measures have also changed the daily live, including consumer behavior in retail banking. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on consumer behavior in retail banking, with a special focus on the Romanian banking sector. To achieve our goal, we performed a survey among the Romanian consumers in retail banking, using as research method the field survey based on questionnaire. The final sample comprised 738 valid responses from the metropolitan area retail banking consumers. The research brings a fresh insight on retail banking services consumption during the pandemic and validates a conceptual model regarding the internet and mobile banking services acceptance. The research’ results highlighted, among others, that the variable concerning the perception of the COVID-19 pandemic effect on consumers’ lifestyle has a direct and positive influence on the variable regarding the attitude toward internet and mobile banking services, mediated by other variables like safety of internet and mobile banking use and trust in banks. Several social and managerial implications are also discussed, because it is possible that the tendency to use internet and mobile banking services will prevail even after the post pandemic stage, as new consumption behavior models are developing. Banks in Romania should increase their initiatives to offer financial education courses and online tutorials to familiarize customers with the use of digital channels. Banks should also improve communication with clients and design new products and services to increase the attractiveness of saving process. They should demonstrate flexibility in negotiating lending and refinancing conditions as well.</abstract>

The impact of COVID-19 on consumer behavior in retail banking. Evidence from Romania

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The environmental concern has become an emerging topic in organization’s human resource management strategy, especially in improving employee’s environmental behavior at work. Thus, the organizational citizenship behavior toward the environment (OCBE) has been currently attracting scholars in management. However, published studies contain research gaps in investigation of the relationships between both green training and organizational culture and OCBE, especially in the hotel industry. Following the social exchange and Ability-Motivation-Opportunity theories, this study aims to examine the effects of two green practices on OCBE and the moderating role of green organizational culture to the effect of green training on OCBE. A quantitative approach with survey strategy is employed and conducted in 4-5 star hotels to test these relationships. The PLS-SEM and K-means Cluster Analysis techniques are applied to analyze data. The findings reveal that green training and organizational culture positively influence OCBE. Also, the effect of green training on OCBE is moderated by green organizational culture. Finally, our study provides limitations of research and further studies, and the implications for management practices concerned with improving employee’s voluntary eco-behavior in the hotel industry.</abstract>

Enhancing the organizational citizenship behavior for the environment: the roles of green training and organizational culture

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The purpose of this paper is to explore the latent variables which support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in becoming learning organizations. These latent variables represent abstract ideas that cannot be measured directly in practice, and they need to be explored by using different sets of other variables or indicators defined specifically for certain research of the business environment. The concept of “the learning organization” has been introduced into knowledge management literature about 30 years ago, but due to its complexity and high level of abstractness, its implementation in real life or organizations produced insufficient results for developing a well-defined model and a convincing managerial approach. However, the attractiveness of the learning organization is so appealing that researchers continue to investigate the complex mechanisms and processes supporting it. Our research is such an effort in exploring the latent variables for the small and medium-sized enterprises from the North-Easter region of Romania in their drive of becoming learning organizations. Our research is based on a comprehensive literature search and a quantitative approach supported by a survey and statistical processing of the collected data. We processed 950 valid questionnaires obtained from 147 small and medium-sized enterprises from the North-Eastern region of Romania. Statistical processing was done by using specialized software. We perform a Factor Analysis with IBM SPSS v.19, and then a Confirmatory Factor Analysis with AMOS v.18. Finally, we obtained six latent variables that support the transformation of SMEs into learning organizations.</abstract>

Exploring the latent variables which support SMEs to become learning organizations

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>COVID-19 has created an un-precedent crisis for SMEs and challenged each single enterprise to reconsider its business operations and to adapt to the new unexpected circumstances. The present paper aims to explore the resilience measures that the micro and small enterprises in Romania can consider to dealing with the disruptions caused by the pandemic. A questionnaire-based survey was used to collect data from a sample of micro and small enterprises operating in the central part of the country. An exploratory factor analysis was employed to identify underlying variables that explain the pattern of correlations between the resilience measures for enterprises, which help them cope with the pandemic effects. There are seventeen resilience measures to the pandemic included in the analysis and further tested in the paper. In addition, a multiple linear regression was conducted to determine which of the resilience measures has the most impact on the enterprises’ overcoming illness. The results show that in order for the micro and small enterprises to better cope with the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic they should demonstrate, on the first place, openness to production innovation and adaptation and ensure a strong support for customers and communities. On the second place, efforts should be directed toward ensuring efficiency of their internal operational management and worker protection. While there exist external circumstances that lead enterprises to adopt several resilience measures to better respond to the pandemic, the motivations that are most relevant in this decision are generally internal in nature.</abstract>

Resilience measures to dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic Evidence from Romanian micro and small enterprises

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 Management &amp; Marketing aims to publish theoretical, empirical, survey, resource and case-based scientific research on business that demonstrates...