Volume 61 (2012): Edizione 3 (December 2012)

During the bryofloristic research in Salajka National Nature Reserve, one population of Anacamptodon splachnoides was recorded. The species is considered as endangered in the Czech Republic. Precise description of localization and summary of recent occurrence of the moss is presented by author.

This paper is focused on the fauna of beetles from the Borek u Domašova Nature Reserve (NR) in the Hrubý Jeseník Mountains. Altogether 257 species of beetles belonging to 45 families were recorded during an entomological survey in 2011 and 2012. We found out valuable assemblages of beetles, especially a community of saproxylic beetles which is of high bioindicative value. Recorded were boreo-montane or relict species of natural old-growth forests such as Ceruchus chrysomelinus, Curimus erichsoni, Danosoma fasciata, Dendrophagus crenatus, Elateroides flabellicornis, Hylis foveicollis, Melandrya barbata etc. We propose the following management measures, necessary for the preservation of populations of the threatened species of the Borek u Domašova NR. A non-action strategy seems to be the most appropriate management by means of avoiding the removal of fallen and dead trees from the forest. On the contrary, the structure of the forest should be enriched with fir seedlings, planted and protected from the damage caused by deer. We also recommend to enlarging the area of the NR in the near future.

The epiphytic bryoflora from northern Nigeria has been reported. Host specificity was shown by the recorded species in which pH value accounted for the marked variation in composition. Erpodium coronatum (Hook f. Wilson) Mitt. is the most abundant epiphyllous moss while Fissidens glauculus C.Mfill. was noted to be growing on a particular tank wall substrate. Other common bryoflora encountered include Brachymenium leptophyllum Bruch & Schimp ex Mull. Hal, Fabronia angolensis Welw. & Duby, Bryum coronatum Schwaegr. and Hyophila crenulata Guim. Senna siamea showed the highest species richness of three bryophyte species whereas the remaining tree species supported less. Generally the studied bryophytes showed a considerable preference to different host trees. This therefore suggests the need for careful management of the tree species growing in the University campus which will help in conserving the local epiphytic bryophyte community for enhanced biodiversity richness.

New floristic records of weed species were taken from cereal fields in June 2012 from localities in Akçabey village, Kayıkçılar village and from Degirmenağzı in Zonguldak province (Turkey). The records represent a total of 69 taxa belonging to 24 families from which the most frequent are Fabaceae (13,04%), Asteraceae (10,14%), Poaceae (10,14%), Rosaceae (8.7%), Apiaceae (7,25%) and Ranunculaceae (5.8%). Most of listed species are native in flora of Turkey and also occur as threatened taxa in the flora of the Czech Republic as naturalized or casual archaeophytes (Agrostemma githago, Bromus arvensis), casual neophytes (Medicago polymorpha, Trifolium tomentosum) or as native species (Aphanes australis, Filago vulgaris).

On 23rd June 2011 1 female of Trichadenotecnum gallicum was found by fogging of solitaire trees Malus sylvestris in the village of Velké Bílovice in southern Moravia. Determination characteristics of species are described and its occurrence in central Europe is discussed.

Microbiological indicators (total coliforms, faecal coliforms, E. coli and enterococci) and phylogenetic groups (domain Archaea, classes Alpha-, Beta-, Gammaproteobacteria and the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium group) detected by FISH were detected in profiles of a highly anthropogenically-affected stream (Luzická Nisa; Northern Bohemia, Czech Republic). This study aimed to assess the changes in the microbial communities of such a polluted stream, and possible relationships between “classic indicators” and the phylogenetic groups. One particular aim concerned a characterisation of the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method, the source of any uncertainty and its limit in terms of quality control (QA/QC). Of the phylogenetic groups studied, the Proteobacteria phylum was more abundant in comparison to the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium group or the Archaea domain. The profile Lucany (above the start of city urban areas) was very different from later downstream profiles, because of its very low faecal bacteria content, low counts of Gammaproteobacteria, and evident dominance of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium group together with Betaproteobacteria. Later profiles did not show such large differences among themselves. The group of Gammaproteobacteria was very common mainly in profiles with high amounts of untreated faecal pollution. The repeatability of counting bacteria by the FISH method was 14 % on average, an “uncertainty” similar to that of cultivation methods.

This paper presents current distribution of the moss Diphyscium foliosum (Hedw.) D.Mohr in the Polish part of the Carpathians. Till this time, the species has been known from the 139 localities distributed through the whole territory, but with their distinct concentration in the Western Beskidy Mountains. The altitudinal limits, habitat preferences and its threats are briefly provided. Eighteen localities, mainly from Beskid Śląski and Beskid Sądecki ranges are reported for the first time.

The research was carried out in three steppe nature reserves in the Nida Basin (southern Poland) aiming at determine an impact of geomorphological conditions and spatial arrangement on selected parameters of life history of Adonis vernalis in the year 2007-2008. In each reserve 10 1-m2 permanent plots, using stratified-random sampling method, were established and frequency of particular developmental phases were noted in April and May. In 2007 and 2008 total 1145 and 1132 ramets were counted respectively. We observed negative relationships between density of clumps per 1 m2 and number of specific developmental phases and height of clumps. Phenology of Adonis vernalis shows distinct year-to-year changes what is probably connected with sensitivity of plants to weather fluctuations. Our study revealed that relations between ramets and density of clumps are similar independently on local biotopic conditions, relief structure, differences in abundance of population, and type of vegetation in neighbourhood.

The moss Zygodon dentatus was found in November 2012 in Bohemian Switzerland National park. It is first noted finding of the species in the north-west Bohemia. The moss is considered as near threatened species in the Czech Republic. New locality and list of recent known distribution of the moss in the Czech Republic is presented.

Preliminary studies on the bryoflora of the Narwiański National Park located in northeastern Poland were carried out in July 2011. As a result, localities of 82 species (6 liverworts and 76 mosses) were discovered. The most interesting are Aulacomnium androgynum (Hedw.) Schwägr., Hedwigia ciliata (Hedw.) P.Beauv., Leptodictyum humile (P.Beauv.) Ochyra, Plagiothecium latebricola (Wils.) Schimp., Syntrichia papillosa (Jur.) Wilson and S. virescens (De Not.) Ochyra.

The aim was to detect antimutagenic and DNA protective effects of a plant extract from bark of Magnolia officinalis adversing oxidative DNA damage. The ability to inhibit mutagenicity induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was determined with Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium His- TA102 bacterial strain. Inhibition values of 72.8 and 98.7 % were detected for t-BOOH and H2O2, respectively. The protective effect of the extract against DNA strand scission induced by hydroxyl radicals was studied with plasmid pBluescript II SK(-). The analysis of DNA strand breaks in the plasmid DNA proved a significant inhibition of DNA damage.

Breeding bird community in a densely built-up area (mainly block buildings with abundant trees and shrubs) in the city of Wroclaw (96.8 ha) were compared between the year 1996 and 2009. In 2009, 25 breeding species were recorded. Columba livia and Passer domesticus were eudominants comprising together 60.2% of the bird community, while Apus apus and Passer montanus were dominants (together 11.1%). The most common were granivores (66.8%; 4 species) and insectivores (19.0%, 14 species). In comparison with 1996, the following species have increased in numbers by the year 2009: Columba palumbus, Pica pica, Corvus cornix, Parus caeruleus, Passer montanus, Carduelis chloris, Sylvia atricapilla, Falco tinnunculus and Turdus pilaris; while Corvus monedula, Phoenicurus ochruros, Turdus merula, Fringilla coelebs, Muscicapa striata, Hippolais icterina and Streptopelia decaocto have decreased.

Moss Buxbaumia viridis, considered as an endangered species, was found in a new locality in the Beskid Sądecki range. This paper presents new data about the species together with a summary of previously published stations in this area. All known distribution of the moss in Beskid Sądecki range is presented on the map.