<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Lavender plants are preferably propagated vegetatively. The aim of the work was to propose the composition of nutrient media for <italic>in vitro</italic> multiplication of plants of <italic>Lavandula angustifolia</italic> (var. Krajová and Beta) and <italic>Lavandula x intermedia</italic> (var. Budrovka and Grosso). Explant cultures were initiated from apical or nodal segments. Apical segments were more suitable and regenerated the highest number of shoots in MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BAP with or without 0.1 mg/L IAA in all used varieties. Nodal segments are suitable for var. Budrovka, where the number of shoots was not statistically different between the apical or nodal segments and among the media tested. Shoot multiplication of <italic>L. angustifolia</italic> varieties was the most effective in the MS media with 0.5 or 1 mg/L BAP. For variety Grosso, the optimal medium was MS with 1 mg/L BAP, while var. Budrovka regenerated a similar number of shoots in all media supplemented with 0.5 or 1 mg/L BAP with or without 0.1 mg/L IAA. All genotypes rooted with the highest frequency on growth regulator-free medium with a half dose of MS salts. After transplanting into the soil and <italic>ex vitro</italic> acclimatization, plantlets survivability after 10 weeks was 78.9 – 87.7%, except for var. Beta with a lower survivability of 50%. The proposed procedures enable a rapid plant multiplication of varieties Budrovka, Grosso and Krajová. With the Beta variety, it is advisable to continue working on the optimization of nutrient media to verify whether the procedures can be further optimized.
</abstract>

Multiplication of lavender (<italic>L. angustifolia</italic>) and lavandin (<italic>Lavandula x intermedia</italic>) in explant culture

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Synchronizing crop residue decomposing and releasing nitrogen with subsequent cash crop needs provides benefits for ecosystems, but it is difficult to carry out. This study aimed to investigate the trend of decomposition of vetch (<italic>Vicia sativa</italic>), rye (<italic>Secale cereal</italic>e) and mixed (rye + vetch) cover crop residues as well as nitrogen release after incorporating them into the soil during 12 weeks of the potato growth season by using the mesh bag method. Vetch residues decomposed very quickly in the spring and their nitrogen is released due to their higher nitrogen content and consequently a lower Carbon/Nitrogen (C/N) ratio. However, rye residues decomposed at a slower rate compared to mixed treatment, and their nitrogen content was immobilized mainly due to a higher C/N ratio. A better understanding of cover crops residues decomposition dynamics leads to maximizing the cover crop effects and higher nutrient uptake by subsequent main crops. The results of this study showed that the input level of nitrogen fertiliser can be reduced by implementing management strategies in farming potatoes and using cover crops, which will reduce the harmful environmental effects and increase the economic benefit for farmers.
</abstract>

Nitrogen release dynamics and carbon sequestration by legume and non-legume cover crops under pure and mixed planting conditions

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

This study aimed to confirm the causality of climatic and soil physical factors on silage corn yield based on the climatesoil-yield network in Korea. The climatic variables were growing degree days, high temperature, low temperature, surface temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, wind speed, and sunshine duration before and after silking. The soil physical variables were the effective depth, slope and drainage class of the soil. The yield variables were total digestible nutrients, dry matter and fresh matter yields. The network was constructed using structural equations and neural network models. In the result of the network, three causalities were remarkable. First, all longitudinal climatic causality before and after the silking stages were significant. It implies that the effect of climate in the vegetative stage reaches to yield through themselves in the reproductive stage. Second, there was the causality between climatic and soil physical factors based on indirect effects. Thus, it is likely to lead to an offset between the direct and indirect effects of soil physical factors. Finally, the effects of drought and heavy rainfall were clear before and after silking stages, respectively. It indicates that stress can damage the corn yield for silage. Here, the damage caused by the drought could be recovered due to various indirect effects, while the damage caused by heavy rainfall was fatal because there was a lack of an indirect path to recover from. This study contributed to identifying how various climatic and soil physical factors can affect production in the network. Furthermore, the climate-soil-yield network for silage corn in this study will help extend the structure with various factors in future studies.
</abstract>

Confirmation of causality of climatic and soil physical factors affecting the corn (<italic>Zea mays</italic> L.) yield for silage in the climate-soil-yield network

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Callus formation and somatic embryogenesis in potato varieties are effective ways to obtain an entire plant from a single cell. The implementation of embryogenesis is widely used in improving plant materials and creating new biotechnological varieties. In our research, the optimum level of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) was determined in the formation of callus tissue in the local Sarnav potato variety, and the Desiree variety taken as a control. Leaf and stem explants were used in the processes of callus tissue formation and somatic embryogenesis of both varieties. We tried various plant growth regulators for callus formation and somatic embryogenesis in different ratios. The 1 mg/L NAA and 1.5 mg/L BAP were established as the best option for callus formation resulting in 92 and 100% development of callus in internodes of Desiree and Sarnav varieties, respectively. The 0.1 mg/L BAP and 0.1 mg/L gibberellic acid (GA3) resulted in almost 80% development of somatic embryogenesis in both varieties and were found as the most optimum option. These results showed that regenerated plants can be obtained from the Sarnav potato variety by somatic embryogenesis. This method can be applied to the Sarnav variety for genetic transformation studies.
</abstract>

Improvement of callogenesis and somatic embryogenesis by selecting optimal hormonal balance in Sarnav and Desiree potato varieties

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Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)

 Why subscribe, read and submit The Agriculture (Poľnohospodárstvo) is a peer-reviewed international journal with open access that publishes mainly original research papers. The types of contributions are also published – review and short communication. Papers are published in British English. The journal has been continuously publishing since 1954. It is published four times a year by the National Agricultural and Food Centre - Research Institute of Plant Production Piešťany, Slovak Republic (www.agriculture.sk; www.nppc.sk; www.vurv.sk). It is indexed in 36 recognized international scientific databases (e.g. SCOPUS).  Our journal is an excellent source of research information on agricultural and biological sciences. It offers fast review, editing process, worldwide dissemination and accessibility of articles. It examines various aspects of research and is devoted to the publication of papers dealing with the aims and scopes related to:   cropland,  farming and cropping systems,  precision agriculture,  agroecosystems,  plant improvement (genetic resources and biodiversity, physiology, genetics, breeding, biotechnology),  permanent crops (growing management and technologies, nutrition, disease and pest protection, weed control, economy of production),  chemistry,  biology, and genetics applied to agronomy,  quality of plant production,  interactions with environment,  grasslands and pasture improvement,  organic farming,  soil quality and management for sustainable agriculture,  irrigation and water use, and other aspects of plant science and production.   Rejection Rate   70%   Back issues Link to previous on-line volumes of Agriculture (Poľnohospodárstvo) (full text from 2006): www.agriculture.sk  Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)

Volume 69 (2023): Issue 1 (April 2023)

Multiplication of lavender (L. angustifolia) and lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia) in explant culture

Nitrogen release dynamics and carbon sequestration by legume and non-legume cover crops under pure and mixed planting conditions

Confirmation of causality of climatic and soil physical factors affecting the corn (Zea mays L.) yield for silage in the climate-soil-yield network

Improvement of callogenesis and somatic embryogenesis by selecting optimal hormonal balance in Sarnav and Desiree potato varieties

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