<abstract xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The composite flours were created from basic wheat flour and from buckwheat and millet flours used as additives in the weight ratio of 5-30%. Basic technological parameters of flours (ash content, wet gluten, gluten swelling, sedimentation index, falling number), rheological properties of dough, and sensory parameters of baked bread loaves (weight, specific volume, aroma, taste, structure) were studied. Additives influenced all traits of flours, doughs, and baked breads. From the technological and sensory points of view, baked breads with the addition of buckwheat were accepted up to the addition of 20% and breads with millet up to 5% (even though taste and flavour were accepted up to 15% addition).</abstract>

Parameters of Wheat Flour, Dough, and Bread Fortified by Buckwheat and Millet Flours

<abstract xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled to protein microarray analysis was used to examine, for the first time, the molecular mechanisms of grapevine (<italic>Vitis vinifera</italic> L., cv. Limberger) habituation. The examination of 2-D maps derived from control and habituated cell culture revealed the presence of 55 protein spots displaying a differential expression pattern. These facts have provide a molecular evidence suggesting that the habituated cells can be used as a model for study of cell differentiation and plant defense mechanisms. Cell death, extra-cellular alkalinization and expression of genes responsible for the formation of the defense-related proteins were analyzed in suspension cultures with hormonal autonomy (habituation). Results obtained using habituated grapevine cells compared with non-habituated cells were different and strongly depended on the concentration of elicitor applied.</abstract>

Plant Production Research Center Piešťany

Slovak University of Technology Bratislava

Proteomic Insight Into the Molecular Principles of Grapevine Habituation

<abstract xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Our results show that a subset (miRNA cluster 1) of grapevine (<italic>Vitis vinifera</italic> L., cv. Limberger) microRNAs (miRNAs) can be strongly induced by different apoptosis inducers including methyl jasmonate (MeJA), botrycin, cinerein and/or H2O2. We report here that the expression of endogenous miRNA-g1 and miRNA-g7 can be efficiently silenced in grapevine protoplasts using artificial miRNA (amiRNA) technology. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the ectopic expression of amiRNAs (anti-mir miRNA-g1 and pre-mir miRNA-g1) designed to target a mature miRNA-g1 directs jasmonate-induced silencing against DAD1 protein (defender against death 1). These collective results strongly support the idea that a sub-population of grapevine miRNAs induced by apoptosis may function in one of the most critical defense systems for structural and mechanical fitness.</abstract>

Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing Conferred by the Ectopic Expression of the Grapevine miRNA-g1 and Inhibition of the Response by Anti-miRNA-g1 Inhibitor

<abstract xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Winter rape farming practices were carried out between 2007 and 2009 on heavy soils under the conditions of the East Slovak Lowland. The influence of two levels of nitrogen fertilizers and three soil tillage technologies on winter rape seed yields was monitored. The costs of growing and the growing technology cost effectiveness were evaluated.The influence of production year 2009 on winter rape seed yield was statistically significant. The effect of conventional tillage variant on rape seed yields was more significant compared with the variant with minimum tillage. The lowest yield of oilseed rape was obtained in a non-tillage variant. Higher dose of nitrogen fertilizers had higher statistically significant effect on winter rape yield compared with lower dose of nitrogen fertilizers.The total cost of one ton of winter rape seed varied within the monitored years, different soil tillage technologies and levels of fertilization. In average of monitored years, the lowest costs of winter rape seed production were at minimum tillage (258.37 € t-1 for variant N150; 259.81 € t-1 for variant N200). At direct sowing, the costs were 400.14 € (variant N150), and 372.41 € (variant N200), however, the yields were very low.Economic effectiveness evaluation showed that the winter rape produced by direct sowing was unprofitable, either with or without subsidy. The highest economic effectiveness was achieved at the minimum tillage variant. This variant was profitable even without subsidies, using both fertilization levels, but it was more profitable at the lower level of nitrogen fertilization. The profitability of conventional tillage variant was smaller.</abstract>

The Cost and The Economic Effectiveness Analysis of the Winter Rape Production Technologies (<italic>Brassica Napus</italic> L. SSP. Oleifera) on Heavy Soils

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Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)

Volume 57 (2011): Issue 4 (December 2011)

Parameters of Wheat Flour, Dough, and Bread Fortified by Buckwheat and Millet Flours

Proteomic Insight Into the Molecular Principles of Grapevine Habituation

Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing Conferred by the Ectopic Expression of the Grapevine miRNA-g1 and Inhibition of the Response by Anti-miRNA-g1 Inhibitor

The Cost and The Economic Effectiveness Analysis of the Winter Rape Production Technologies (Brassica Napus L. SSP. Oleifera) on Heavy Soils

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