Growth characteristics of black apricot cv. ‘Shlor-Tsiran’ 10-year-old trees | |
---|---|
Crown shape | Cup shaped |
Tree average height | 2.5 m |
Degree of branching | Strong |
Length of shoots/average of 10 | 40 cm |
Number of shoots | 150 |
Number of skeletal branches | 5 |
Number of leaves/shoot | 15 |
Leaf surface area | 26 cm2 |
Leaf length | 6 cm |
Leaf width | 3 cm |
Ratio of leaf length to width | 2.7 |
Leaf green colour intensity | Middle |
The shape of the leaf base | Rounded |
The shape of the leaf apex | Suddenly shortly acuminate |
Leaf apex length | 7 mm |
Leaf blade: profile in cross section. Edge cut | Moderately concave |
Leaf blade: undulation of margin edge roughness | Week |
Petiole length | 2.75 cm |
Leaf-to-petiole length ratio | Large |
Petiole thickness | Thin |
Number of glands | 1–3 |
Average weight of 10 leaves | 5.71 g |
Date of beginning of swelling of vegetative buds and separation of scales | 20 April |
Date of beginning of vegetative shoots emergence (1–5 cm) | 25 April |
Period of vigorous vegetative growth | 5 May–10 June |
Period of organisation of apical buds | 01 June–20 June |
Leaf fall (start/mass leaf fall/end) | 10 October/20 October/29 October |
Vegetation duration (days) | 225 |
Date of buds swelling | 14 March |
Date of buds opening | 18 March |
Flowering (start/mass flowering/ end) | 25 March/04 April/11 April |
Date of beginning of fruit formation | 25 May |
Date of beginning of fruit ripening | 24 June |
Size | Medium |
Shape in ventral view | Ovate |
Form of the fruit shape in lateral view | Oblong |
Height | 42.0 mm |
Ventral width | Medium |
Lateral width | Medium |
Ratio of lateral width/ventral width | 5.0 |
Ratio of height/ventral width | Medium |
Fruit: symmetry in ventral view | Clearly asymmetric |
Fruit: suture | Slightly sunken |
Fruit: depth of stalk cavity | Medium |
Shape of the apex | Flat |
Fruit: shape of tip (except mucron) | Weakly depressed |
Fruit: surface | Smooth |
Fruit: pubescence | Present |
Fruit: hue of over colour | Red |
Fruit: relative area of colour | Large |
Fruit: pattern of over colour | Solid flush |
Fruit: intensity of over colour | Medium |
Fruit: colour of flesh | Medium orange |
Start of fruit ripening | Middle term ripening |
Glow of the skin | No shining |
Fruit: texture of flesh | Fibrous |
Adherence of stone to flesh | Absent or very weak |
Kernel: shape in lateral view | Ovate |
Kernel: bitterness | Medium |
Average fruit weight | 40 g |
Average fruit weight with stone | 92.9/30.97 g |
Average weight of kernels | 5.01/1.67 g |
Average weight of fruit without seed | 293 g |
Average content of zoles in fruit | 0.5 g |
Volume of juice | 3 mL |
Character | |||
---|---|---|---|
Leaf size (cm) | 6–12 × 5–11 | (2)3–6 × (1)2–4 | (6)6.5 × (4)4.5 |
Leaf shape | Ovate-rounded or broadly ovate, almost cordate at base | Oblong-elliptic or ovate-elliptic, cuneate to sub-rounded at base | Ovate to elliptic-ovate, broadly cuneate to rounded at base |
Leaf apex | Suddenly shortly acuminate | Acute | Suddenly shortly acuminate |
Leaf margin | Finely crenate or obtusely serrate | Finely serrated or finely blunt-serrated, rarely twice serrated | Irregularly densely finely crenate |
Leaf surface | Adaxially glabrous green, abaxially matte, rarely slightly pubescent in the vein axils | Adaxially dark green, glabrous, abaxially pale green, pubescent on mid-vein | Adaxially dark green, glabrous, abaxially pubescent along veins |
Petioles length (cm) | 3–3.5 | 0.6–1.2 (2.3) | 2.5–2.8 |
Flowers number | Usually solitary, rarely by 2 | Solitary or by 2–4 | Usually solitary |
Sepal length (mm) | 4–6 | 2–4 | 3.5–4.0 |
Sepals shape | Ovate to ovate oblong, acute to obtuse, glandular along the margin | Ovate, oblong-ovate, obtuse, glandular along the margin | Elliptic, obtuse, glandular along the margin |
Flower peduncle length (mm) | Nearly absent to very short (1–3) | (4) 10–16 (22) | 7–12 |
Flower colour | White or pale rose, with pink veins or pink in bud | White, sometimes pinkish at the end of flowering | White or pale rose |
Corolla diameter (mm) | 25–45 | 20–25 | 15–20 |
Hypanthium length | 4–6 | 2–4 | 6 |
Petals shape | Elliptic or obovate, broadly elliptic | Ovate, spatulate, wavy along the edge | Elliptic or obovate |
Petals size (mm) | 8–12 × 6–7 | 7–15 × 5–10 | 8–9 × 6 |
Number of stamens | 27–36 | 20–30 | 25–27(35) |
Stamen length | 6–10 | 3–6 | 5–6 |
Style length | 11–15 | 6–7 | 10–12 |
Fruit colour | Orange, often tinged with red | Yellow, rose, red, dark violet or blackish violet | Dark violet or blackish violet |
Fruit shape | Oval or sub-globose | Globose or sub-globose | Globose, slightly compressed from the sides |
Fruit surface | Velvety pubescent or glabrous | Glabrous | Velvety pubescent |
Fruit stalk length (mm) | Almost absent or 1–2.5 | Up to 22 | Up to 12 |
Stone shape | Ellipsoid to sub-globose, flattened, smooth, separated from the pulp | Ovoid or ellipsoidal-ovoid, wrinkled or smooth, usually not separated from the pulp | Ovoid, pitted, some wrinkled, not separated from the pulp |
Yield per tree | 20 kg/tree |
Yield per hectare | 13.3 trees · ha−1 |
Production cost | 225 AMD = 0.5829 $ · kg−1 |
Fruit market value | 400 AMD = 1.0363 $ · kg−1 |
Income | 5320.000 AMD · ha−1 = 13.7831 $ · ha−1 |
Profit | 2320.000 AMD · ha−1 = 6.0107 $ · ha−1 |
Profitability level | 77.3% |
No. | Character | Unit | Min | Max | Mean |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Fruit size | code | 3 | 9 | 6.31 |
2. | Shape from the belly | code | 1 | 6 | 2.48 |
3. | Shape from the back | code | 2 | 5 | 3.02 |
4. | Height | mm | 31.11 | 49.72 | 39.61 |
5. | Width at the belly | code | 3 | 5 | 3.55 |
6. | Width at the back | code | 3 | 3 | 3.36 |
7. | Back width and fruit height ratio | code | 5 | 7 | 5.57 |
8. | Belly and back width ratio | code | 5 | 7 | 5.28 |
9. | Symmetry at the back | code | 1 | 3 | 2.46 |
10. | Abdominal length | code | 1 | 4 | 2.47 |
11. | Depth of the funnel | code | 3 | 7 | 5.17 |
12. | Apex shape | code | 1 | 3 | 1.36 |
13. | Presence of apex | code | 3 | 3 | 3 |
14. | Planeness of the skin | code | 1 | 1 | 1 |
15. | Softness of the skin | code | 9 | 9 | 9 |
16. | Shine of the skin | code | 1 | 3 | 2.3 |
17. | Colour of the skin | code | 1 | 3 | 1.88 |
18. | Prevalence of subcutaneous points | code | 1 | 5 | 2.58 |
19. | Colour of subcutaneous spots | code | 1 | 4 | 3.03 |
20. | Degree of colour intensity of subcutaneous points | code | 3 | 5 | 4.6 |
21. | Colour of the fruit flesh | code | 1 | 6 | 3.4 |
22. | Structure of the fruit flesh | code | 1 | 3 | 2.5 |
23. | Degree of separation of the kernel from the pulp | code | 1 | 3 | 1.36 |
24. | Shape of the cornice is from the belly | code | 3 | 3 | 3 |
25. | Presence of bitterness of the kernel | code | 1 | 1 | 1.05 |
26. | Beginning of fruit ripening | code | 1 | 9 | 4.85 |
27. | Fruit weight | g | 14.19 | 50.92 | 30.57 |
28. | Kernel weight | g | 1.01 | 3.36 | 1.9 |
29. | Kernel volume | mm3 | 1.50 | 4.20 | 2.58 |
30. | Fruit volume | mm3 | 13.50 | 52.10 | 32.59 |
31. | Ratio of kernel to fruit weight | (%) | 4.22 | 12.05 | 6.46 |
No. | Character | Unit | Min | Max | Mean |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Leaf length | cm | 6.17 | 8.92 | 7.46 |
2. | Leaf width | cm | 3.52 | 7.9 | 6.35 |
3. | Ratio of leaf length to width | code | 3 | 7 | 3.68 |
4. | Shape of the leaf base | code | 2 | 4 | 3.08 |
5. | Green colour intensity of the leaf surface | code | 3 | 7 | 5.75 |
6. | Leaf apex angle | code | 1 | 3 | 2.39 |
7. | Leaf apex length | mm | 1.66 | 7 | 4.25 |
8. | Cut edge of leaves | code | 2 | 4 | 3.19 |
9. | Unevenness of the leaf edge | code | 3 | 5 | 4.26 |
10. | Petiole length | cm | 2.5 | 5.17 | 3.73 |
11. | Leaf-to-petiole length ratio | code | 5 | 7 | 5.73 |
12. | Petiole thickness | mm | 3 | 7 | 5 |
13. | Number of glands in the petiole | number | 1 | 2 | 1.25 |
14. | Average weight of 10 leaves | g | 4.31 | 12.65 | 7.66 |
Tartaric acid (mg · mL−1) | 0.001 |
Malic acid (mg · mL−1) | 0.01 |
Citric acid (mg · mL−1) | 0.011 |
Succinic acid (mg · mL−1) | 0.005 |
Oxalic acid (mg · mL−1) | not detected |
Fructose (% w/v) | 1.935 |
Glucose (% w/v) | 3.368 |
Sucrose (% w/v) | not detected |
Vitamin C (% w/v) | 0.0182 |
Antioxidant activity corresponding to the concentration of biologically active substances with reductive potential in relation to quercetin (mg/g) | 4.615 |
Pollen parameters | |||
---|---|---|---|
Size (μm) | 42.5 ± 1.1 | 50.4 ± 0.61 | 45.3 ± 0.93 |
Fertile (%) | 38.0 ± 0.79 | 92.9 ± 0.79 | 92.9 ± 0.39 |
Sterile (%) | 58.9 ± 1.17 | 6.2 ± 0.43 | 4.5 ± 0.26 |
Semi-sterile (%) | 3.9 ± 0.69 | 0.9 ± 0.15 | 2.7 ± 0.24 |
Viability (%) | 3.4 ± 0.55 | 80.5 ± 0.5 | 86.5 ± 8.5 |