First Evidence of Presence of Varroa underwoodi Mites on Native Apis cerana Colonies in Primorsky Territory of Russia Based on COX1 Gene

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Pairwise differences and genetic divergence among samples of V_ underwoodi, V_ destructor, and V_ jacobsoni calculated based on the COX1 gene sequences polymorphism

Samples		1. MH205176, V. underwoodi	2. LC532104, V. underwoodi	3. MH205175, V. underwoodi	4. MH205174, V. underwoodi	5. MH205173, V. underwoodi	6. MH205177, V. underwoodi	7. KJ403744, V. destructor	8. KJ403742, V. destructor	9. KJ507740, V. destructor	10. KJ403739, V. destructor	11. MF462134, V. jacobsoni	12 AF010479, V. jacobsoni
		Number of nucleotide differences/number of amino acid differences
1. MH205176, V. underwoodi, China, Jilin	p-distance / genetic divergence		0/0	1/1	1/1	2/2	10/8	44/36	46/36	46/36	44/35	44/34	44/34
2. LC532104, V. underwoodi, Russia, Primorsky		0.000/0%		1/1	1/1	2/2	10/8	44/36	46/36	46/36	44/35	44/34	44/34
3. MH205175, V. underwoodi, China, Nanchang		0.002/0%	0.002/0%		0/0	1/1	10/8	45/37	47/37	47/37	45/36	45/35	45/35
4. MH205174, V. underwoodi, China, Jinhua		0.002/0%	0.002/0%	0.000/0%		1/1	10/8	45/37	47/37	47/37	45/36	45/35	45/35
5. MH205173, V. underwoodi, China, Hangzhou		0.004/0%	0.004/0%	0.002/0%	0.002/0%		9/7	45/37	47/37	47/37	45/36	45/35	45/35
6. MH205177, V. underwoodi, China, Maoming		0.022/2%	0.022/2%	0.022/2%	0.022/2%	0.020/2%		42/36	44/36	44/36	42/35	44/36	44/36
7. KJ403744, V. destructor, Saudi Arabia, Riyadh		0.096/10%	0.096/10%	0.098/10%	0.098/10%	0.098/10%	0.092/9%		4/2	4/2	2/1	32/27	32/27
8. KJ403742, V. destructor, Saudi Arabia, Riyadh		0.100/10%	0.100/10%	0.103/10%	0.103/10%	0.103/10%	0.096/10%	0.009/1%		0/0	4/1	34/27	34/27
9. KJ507740, V. destructor, Saudi Arabia, Riyadh		0.100/10%	0.100/10%	0.103/10%	0.103/10%	0.103/10%	0.096/10%	0.009/1%	0.000/0%		4/1	34/27	34/27
10. KJ403739, V. destructor, Saudi Arabia, Riyadh		0.096/10%	0.096/10%	0.098/10%	0.098/10%	0.098/10%	0.092/9%	0.004/1%	0.009/1%	0.009/1%		32/26	32/26
11. MF462134, V. jacobsoni, Papua New Guinea		0.096 10%	0.096/10%	0.098/10%	0.098/10%	0.098/10%	0.096/10%	0.070/7%	0.074/7%	0.074/7%	0.070/7%		0/0
12 AF010479, V. jacobsoni, Australia, Canberra		0.096/10%	0.096/10%	0.098/10%	0.098/10%	0.098/10%	0.096/10%	0.070/7%	0.074/7%	0.074/7%	0.070/7%	0.000/0%

Pairwise p-distance and genetic divergence below diagonal, nucleotide and amino acid differences above the diagonal among V_ underwoodi, V_ destructor, and V_ jacobsoni based on COX1 gene sequence of mtDNA

Species		V. underwoodi, N = 6	V. destructor, N = 4	V. jacobsoni, N = 2
		Number of nucleotide differences/number of amino acid differences
V. underwoodi	p-distance		45 / 36	44 / 34
V. destructor	/ genetic	* 0.099 / 10%		33 / 26
V. jacobsoni	divergence	* 0.097 / 10%	* 0.072 / 7%