Occurrence and phylogenetic description of cystic echinococcosis isolate from Egyptian camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Ahmed, Z.K. (2021): Studies on internal helminths infecting camels. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University. Ahmed Z.K. 2021 Studies on internal helminths infecting camels. Ph.D. Thesis Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley UniversitySearch in Google Scholar

Abdel-Aaty, H.E.A., Abdel-Hameed, D.M., Alam-Eldin, Y.H., El-Shennawy, S.F., Aminou, H.A., Makled, S.S., Darweesh, S.K. (2012): Molecular genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus in animal and human isolates from Egypt. Acta Trop, 121(2): 125–128. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.10.014 Abdel-Aaty H.E.A. Abdel-Hameed D.M. Alam-Eldin Y.H. El-Shennawy S.F. Aminou H.A. Makled S.S. Darweesh S.K. 2012 Molecular genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus in animal and human isolates from Egypt Acta Trop 1212 125 128 10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.10.01422062047Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Abdel-Aziz, A.R., El-Meghanawy, R.A. (2016): Molecular characterization of hydatid cyst from Egyptian one humped camels (Camelus dromedaries PSM Vet Res, 1(1): 13–16 Abdel-Aziz A.R. El-Meghanawy R.A. 2016 Molecular characterization of hydatid cyst from Egyptian one humped camels (Camelus dromedaries) PSM Vet Res 11 13 16Search in Google Scholar

Abdelbaset, E.A., Kinpei, Y., Nariaki, N., Ryo, N. (2021): Cystic echinococcosis in humans and animals in Egypt: An epidemiological overview. Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis,17(1): 100061. DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100061 Abdelbaset E.A. Kinpei Y. Nariaki N. Ryo N. 2021 Cystic echinococcosis in humans and animals in Egypt: An epidemiological overview Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis 171 100061 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100061890610135284875Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Aboelhadid, S.M., El-Dakhly, K.M., Yanai, T., Fukushi, H., Hassanin, K.M. (2013): Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus in Egyption donkeys. Vet Parasitol, 193: 1–3. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.11.019 Aboelhadid S.M. El-Dakhly K.M. Yanai T. Fukushi H. Hassanin K.M. 2013 Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus in Egyption donkeys Vet Parasitol 193 1 3 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.11.01923246076Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Ahmadi, N.A. (2005): Hydatidosis in camels (Camelus dromedaries) and their potential role in the epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus in Iran. J Helminthol, 79 (2): 119–125. DOI: 10.1079/joh2005279 Ahmadi N.A. 2005 Hydatidosis in camels (Camelus dromedaries) and their potential role in the epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus in Iran J Helminthol 79 2 119 125 10.1079/joh200527915946390Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Alam-Eldin, Y.H., Abdel Aaty, H.E., Ahmed, M.A. (2015): Molecular characterization of cystic echinococcosis: First record of G7 in Egypt and G1 in Yemen. Acta Parasitol, 60(4): 662–665. DOI: 10.1515/ap-2015-0094 Alam-Eldin Y.H. Abdel Aaty H.E. Ahmed M.A. 2015 Molecular characterization of cystic echinococcosis: First record of G7 in Egypt and G1 in Yemen Acta Parasitol 604 662 665 10.1515/ap-2015-009426408588Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Ali, V., Martinez, E., Duran, P., Seláez, M.A., Barragan, M., Nogales, P., Peñalillo, A., Castañares, M., Claros, Y., Deplazes, P., Rojas, C.A. (2020): Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto, Echinococcus ortleppi and E. intermedius (G7) are present in Bolivia. Parasitology, 1–8. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182020000529 Ali V. Martinez E. Duran P. Seláez M.A. Barragan M. Nogales P. Peñalillo A. Castañares M. Claros Y. Deplazes P. Rojas C.A. 2020 Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto, Echinococcus ortleppi and E. intermedius (G7) are present in Bolivia Parasitology 1 8 10.1017/S003118202000052932234095Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Almalki, E., Al-Quraishy, S., Abdel-Baki, A.S. (2017): Assessment of prevalence of hydatidosis in slaughtered Sawakny sheep in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci, 24: 1534–1537. DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.01.056 Almalki E. Al-Quraishy S. Abdel-Baki A.S. 2017 Assessment of prevalence of hydatidosis in slaughtered Sawakny sheep in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia Saudi J Biol Sci 24 1534 1537 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.01.056611412130174492Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Alvarez, R.C., Romig, T., Lightowlers, M.W. (2014): Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotypes infecting humans–review of current knowledge. Int J Parasitol, 44: 9–18. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.08.008 Alvarez R.C. Romig T. Lightowlers M.W. 2014 Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotypes infecting humans–review of current knowledge Int J Parasitol 44 9 18 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.08.00824269720Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Amer, S., Helal, I.B., Kamau, E., Feng, Y., Xiao, L. (2015): Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus s. l. from farm animals in Egypt. PLoS ONE, 10(3): e0118509. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118509 Amer S. Helal I.B. Kamau E. Feng Y. Xiao L. 2015 Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus s l. from farm animals in Egypt. PLoS ONE 103 e0118509 10.1371/journal.pone.0118509435659725760944Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Arene, F.O. (1985): Prevalence of hydatid cysts in domestic livestock in the Niger Delta. Trop Anim Health Prod, 17: 3–5. DOI: 10.1007/BF02356125 Arene F.O. 1985 Prevalence of hydatid cysts in domestic livestock in the Niger Delta Trop Anim Health Prod 17 3 5 10.1007/BF023561253992669Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Azlaf, R., Dakkak, A. (2006): Epidemiological study of the cystic echinococcosis in Morocco. Vet Parasitol, 137(1–2): 83–93. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.003 Azlaf R. Dakkak A. 2006 Epidemiological study of the cystic echinococcosis in Morocco Vet Parasitol 1371–2 83 93 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.00316473466Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Banda, F., Nalubamba, K.S., Muma, J.B., Munyeme, M., Munang’andu, H.M. (2013): A cross-sectional study investigating cystic hydatidosis in slaughtered Cattle of Western Province in Zambia. ISRN Parasitol, 2013: 468163 DOI: 10.5402/2013/468163 Banda F. Nalubamba K.S. Muma J.B. Munyeme M. Munang’andu H.M. 2013 A cross-sectional study investigating cystic hydatidosis in slaughtered Cattle of Western Province in Zambia ISRN Parasitol 2013 468163 10.5402/2013/468163489087527335848Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Bardonnet, K., Benchikh-Elfegoun, M.C., Bart, J.M., Harraga, S., Hannache, N., Haddad, S., Dumon, H., Vuitton, D. A., Piarroux, R. (2003): Cystic echinococcosis in Algeria: Cattle act as reservoirs of a sheep strain and may contribute to human contamination. Vet Parasitol, 116: 35–44. DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(03)00255-3 Bardonnet K. Benchikh-Elfegoun M.C. Bart J.M. Harraga S. Hannache N. Haddad S. Dumon H. Vuitton D. A. Piarroux R. 2003 Cystic echinococcosis in Algeria: Cattle act as reservoirs of a sheep strain and may contribute to human contamination Vet Parasitol 116 35 44 10.1016/s0304-4017(03)00255-314519325Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Bardonnet, K., Piarroux, R., Dia, L., Schneegans, F., Beurdeley, A., Godot, V., Vuitton, D.A. (2002): Combined eco-epidemiological and molecular biology approaches to assess Echinococcus granulosus transmission to humans in Mauritania: occurrence of the ‘camel’ strain and human cystic echinococcosis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 96: 383–386. DOI: 10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90369-x Bardonnet K. Piarroux R. Dia L. Schneegans F. Beurdeley A. Godot V. Vuitton D.A. 2002 Combined eco-epidemiological and molecular biology approaches to assess Echinococcus granulosus transmission to humans in Mauritania: occurrence of the ‘camel’ strain and human cystic echinococcosis Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96 383 386 10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90369-x12497974Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Beato, S., Parreira, R., Calado, M., Gracio, M. (2010): Apparent dominance of the G1–G3 genetic cluster of Echinococcus granulosus strains in the central inland region of Portugal. Parasitol Int, 59: 638–642. DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2010.08.004 Beato S. Parreira R. Calado M. Gracio M. 2010 Apparent dominance of the G1–G3 genetic cluster of Echinococcus granulosus strains in the central inland region of Portugal Parasitol Int 59 638 642 10.1016/j.parint.2010.08.00420727984Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Bessonov, A.S. (Eds) (2007): Cystic Hydatid Disease. JSC Locus Standi, Moscow. PP: 672 (In Russian) Bessonov A.S (Eds) 2007 Cystic Hydatid Disease. JSC Locus Standi, Moscow. PP: 672 (In Russian)Search in Google Scholar

Charan, J., Biswas, T. (2013): How to calculate sample size for different study designs in medical research?. Indian J Psychol Med, 35(2): 121–126. DOI: 10.4103/0253-7176.116232 Charan J. Biswas T. 2013 How to calculate sample size for different study designs in medical research? Indian J Psychol Med 352 121 126 10.4103/0253-7176.116232377504224049221Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Craig, P.S., McManus, D.P., Lightowlers, M.W., Chabalgoity, J.A., Garcia, H.H., Gavidia, C.M., Gilman, R.H., Gonzalez, A.E., Lorca, M., Naquira, C., Nieto, A., Schantz, P.M. (2007): Prevention and control of cystic echinococcosis. Lancet Infect Dis, 7: 385–394. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70134-2 Craig P.S. McManus D.P. Lightowlers M.W. Chabalgoity J.A. Garcia H.H. Gavidia C.M. Gilman R.H. Gonzalez A.E. Lorca M. Naquira C. Nieto A. Schantz P.M. 2007 Prevention and control of cystic echinococcosis Lancet Infect Dis 7 385 394 10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70134-217521591Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Daryani, A., Alaei, R., Arab, R., Sharif, M., Dehghan, M.H., Ziaei, H. (2007): The prevalence, intensity and viability of hydatid cysts in slaughtered animals in the Ardabil province of Northwest Iran. J Helminthol, 81: 13–17. DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X0720731X Daryani A. Alaei R. Arab R. Sharif M. Dehghan M.H. Ziaei H. 2007 The prevalence, intensity and viability of hydatid cysts in slaughtered animals in the Ardabil province of Northwest Iran J Helminthol 81 13 17 10.1017/S0022149X0720731X17381862Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Diker, A.I., Tinar, R., Senlik, B. (2007): Viability of Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices at different conditions. Vet Parasitol, 150(1–2):84–87. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.08.030 Diker A.I. Tinar R. Senlik B. 2007 Viability of Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices at different conditions Vet Parasitol 1501–284 87 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.08.03017933466Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Dyab, A.K., Hassanein, R., Hussein, A.A., Metwally, S.E., Gaad, H.M. (2005): Hydatidosis among man and animals in Assiut and Aswan governorates. J Egypt Soc Parasitol, 35: 157–166. PMID: 15881003 Dyab A.K. Hassanein R. Hussein A.A. Metwally S.E. Gaad H.M. 2005 Hydatidosis among man and animals in Assiut and Aswan governorates J Egypt Soc Parasitol 35 157 166 PMID: 15881003Search in Google Scholar

Dyab, A.K., Marghany, M.E., Othman, R.A., Ahmed, M.A., Abd-Ella, O.H. (2018): Hydatidosis of Camels and Sheep Slaughtered in Aswan Governorate, Southern Egypt. Russ J Parasitol, 12(3): 33–41. DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2018-12-3-33-41 Dyab A.K. Marghany M.E. Othman R.A. Ahmed M.A. Abd-Ella O.H. 2018 Hydatidosis of Camels and Sheep Slaughtered in Aswan Governorate, Southern Egypt Russ J Parasitol 123 33 41 10.31016/1998-8435-2018-12-3-33-41Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Eckert, J., Deplazes, P. (2004): Biological, epidemiological, and clinical aspects of echinococcosis, a zoonosis of increasing concern. Clin Microbiol Rev, 17(1): 107–135. DOI: 10.1128/cmr.17.1.107-135.2004 Eckert J. Deplazes P. 2004 Biological, epidemiological, and clinical aspects of echinococcosis, a zoonosis of increasing concern Clin Microbiol Rev 171 107 135 10.1128/cmr.17.1.107-135.2004Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

El-Dakhly, K.M., Arafa, W.M., El-Nahas, E.N., Shokier, K.A.M., Noaman, A.F. (2019): The current prevalence and diversity of cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered animals in Egypt. J Parasitic Dis, 43(4): 711–717. DOI: 10.1007/s12639-019-01151-1 El-Dakhly K.M. Arafa W.M. El-Nahas E.N. Shokier K.A.M. Noaman A.F. 2019 The current prevalence and diversity of cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered animals in Egypt J Parasitic Dis 434 711 717 10.1007/s12639-019-01151-1684177431749543Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Elmahdi, I.E., Ali, Q.M., Magzoub, M.M., Ibrahim, A.M., Sad, M.B., Romig, T. (2004): Cystic echinococcosis of livestock and humans in central Sudan. Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 98: 473–479. DOI: 10.1179/000349804225003578 Elmahdi I.E. Ali Q.M. Magzoub M.M. Ibrahim A.M. Sad M.B. Romig T. 2004 Cystic echinococcosis of livestock and humans in central Sudan Ann Trop Med Parasitol 98 473 479 10.1179/00034980422500357815257797Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Ernest, E., Nonga, H.E., Kasuku, A.A., Kazwala, R.R. (2009): Hydatidosis of slaughtered animals in Ngorongoro district of Arusha region, Tanzania. Trop Anim Health Prod, 41(7): 1179–1185. DOI: 10.1007/s11250-008-9298-z Ernest E. Nonga H.E. Kasuku A.A. Kazwala R.R. 2009 Hydatidosis of slaughtered animals in Ngorongoro district of Arusha region, Tanzania Trop Anim Health Prod 417 1179 1185 10.1007/s11250-008-9298-z19105043Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Getachew, D., Jizat, A., Getachew, T. (2012): Occurrence and fertility rates of hydatid cysts in sheep and goats slaughtered at Modjo Luna Export Slaughter House, Ethiopia. Ethiop Vet J, 16: 83–89. DOI: 10.4314/evj.v16i1.7 Getachew D. Jizat A. Getachew T. 2012 Occurrence and fertility rates of hydatid cysts in sheep and goats slaughtered at Modjo Luna Export Slaughter House, Ethiopia Ethiop Vet J 16 83 89 10.4314/evj.v16i1.7Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Haridy, F.M., Ibrahim, B.B., Elshazly, A.M., Awad, D.M., El-Sherbini, G.T., Mordy, T.A. (2006): Hydatidosis granulosus in Egyptian slaughtered animal in the year 2000–2005. J Egypt Soc Parasitol, 36: 1018–1100. PMID: 17153715 Haridy F.M. Ibrahim B.B. Elshazly A.M. Awad D.M. El-Sherbini G.T. Mordy T.A. 2006 Hydatidosis granulosus in Egyptian slaughtered animal in the year 2000–2005 J Egypt Soc Parasitol 36 1018 1100 PMID: 17153715Search in Google Scholar

Himonas, C., Frydas, S., Antoniadol-Sotiriadou, K. (1987): The Fertility of Hydatid Cysts in Food Animals in Greece. In: Geerts, S., Kumar, V., Brandt, J. (Eds) Helminth Zoonoses. Current Topics in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, (43). Springer, Dordrecht. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-3341-5_2 Himonas C. Frydas S. Antoniadol-Sotiriadou K. 1987 The Fertility of Hydatid Cysts in Food Animals in Greece In Geerts S. Kumar V. Brandt J. Eds Helminth Zoonoses. Current Topics in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, (43). Springer, Dordrecht. 10.1007/978-94-009-3341-5_2Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Ibrahim, K., Thomas, R., Peter, K., Omer, R.A. (2011): A molecular survey on cystic echinococcosis in Sinnar area, blue Nile state (Sudan). Chin Med J, 124(18): 2829–2833. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.2011.18.006 Ibrahim K. Thomas R. Peter K. Omer R.A. 2011 A molecular survey on cystic echinococcosis in Sinnar area, blue Nile state (Sudan) Chin Med J 12418 2829 2833 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.2011.18.006Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Ibrahim, M.M. (2010): Study of cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered animals in Al Baha region, Saudi Arabia: interaction between some biotic and abiotic factors. Acta Trop, 113: 26–33. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.08.029 Ibrahim M.M. 2010 Study of cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered animals in Al Baha region, Saudi Arabia: interaction between some biotic and abiotic factors Acta Trop 113 26 33 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.08.02919744464Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Jenkins, D.J., Roming, T., Thompson, R.C.A. (2005): Emergence / re-emergence of Echinococcus SPP. A global update. Int J Parasitol, 35:1205–1219. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2005b.07.014 Jenkins D.J. Roming T. Thompson R.C.A. 2005 Emergence / re-emergence of Echinococcus SPP A global update. Int J Parasitol 351205 1219 10.1016/j.ijpara.2005b.07.014Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Kasem, H.H., Gdoura, K.M. (2006): Hydatidosis in camels (Camelus dromedarius) slaughtered at Sirt Abattoir, Libya. J Egypt Soc Parasitol, 36 (2Suppl): 1–10. PMID: 17366866 Kasem H.H. Gdoura K.M. 2006 Hydatidosis in camels (Camelus dromedarius) slaughtered at Sirt Abattoir, Libya J Egypt Soc Parasitol 36 2Suppl 1 10 PMID: 17366866Search in Google Scholar

Kebede, W., Hagos, A., Girna, Z., Lobago, F. (2009): Echinococcosis/ hydatidosis: Its prevalence, economic and public health significance in Tigray region. Trop Anim Health Prod, 41: 865–871. DOI: 10.1007/s11250-008-9264-9 Kebede W. Hagos A. Girna Z. Lobago F. 2009 Echinococcosis/ hydatidosis: Its prevalence, economic and public health significance in Tigray region Trop Anim Health Prod 41 865 871 10.1007/s11250-008-9264-919002598Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Kedra, A.H., Swiderski, Z., Tkach, V., Dubinsky, P., Pawlowski, Z., Stefaniak, J., Pawlowski, J. (1999): Genetic analysis of Echinococcus granulosus from humans and pigs in Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine. A multicenter study. Acta Parasitol, 44(4): 248–254 Kedra A.H. Swiderski Z. Tkach V. Dubinsky P. Pawlowski Z. Stefaniak J. Pawlowski J. 1999 Genetic analysis of Echinococcus granulosus from humans and pigs in Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine A multicenter study. Acta Parasitol 444 248 254Search in Google Scholar

Kedra, A.H., Swiderski, Z., Tkach, V.V., Rocki, B., Pawlowski, J., Pawlowski, Z. (2000): Variability within NADH dehydrogenase sequences of Echinococcus multilocularis Acta Parasitol, 45: 353–355 Kedra A.H. Swiderski Z. Tkach V.V. Rocki B. Pawlowski J. Pawlowski Z. 2000 Variability within NADH dehydrogenase sequences of Echinococcus multilocularis Acta Parasitol 45 353 355Search in Google Scholar

Khalifa, N., Khater, H.F., Fahmy, A.H., Radwan, E.I.M., Afify, S.Aj. (2014): Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of cystic Echinococcosis isolated from camels and humans in Egypt. Am J Epidemiol Infect Dis, 2: 74–82. DOI:10.12691/ajeid-2-3-2 Khalifa N. Khater H.F. Fahmy A.H. Radwan E.I.M. Afify S.Aj. 2014 Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of cystic Echinococcosis isolated from camels and humans in Egypt Am J Epidemiol Infect Dis 2 74 82 10.12691/ajeid-2-3-2Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C., Tamura, K. (2018): MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Mol Biol Evol, 35: 1547–1549. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy096 Kumar S. Stecher G. Li M. Knyaz C. Tamura K. 2018 MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms Mol Biol Evol, 35 1547 1549 10.1093/molbev/msy096596755329722887Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Lahmar, S., Trifi, M., Ben-Naceur, S., Bouchhima, T., Lahouar, N., Lamouchi, I., Maâmouri, N., Selmi, R., Dhibi, M., Torgerson, P.R. (2013): Cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered domestic ruminants from Tunisia. J Helminthol, 6: 1–8. DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X12000430 Lahmar S. Trifi M. Ben-Naceur S. Bouchhima T. Lahouar N. Lamouchi I. Maâmouri N. Selmi R. Dhibi M. Torgerson P.R. 2013 Cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered domestic ruminants from Tunisia J Helminthol 6 1 8 10.1017/S0022149X1200043022967724Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Lahmar, S., Debbek, H., Zhang, Lh., McManus, D.P., Souisi, A., Chelly, S., Torgerson, P.R. (2004): Transmission dynamics of the Echinococcus granulosus sheep dog strain (G1 genotype) in camels in Tunisia. Vet Parasitol, 121: 151–156. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.02.016 Lahmar S. Debbek H. Zhang Lh. McManus D.P. Souisi A. Chelly S. Torgerson P.R. 2004 Transmission dynamics of the Echinococcus granulosus sheep dog strain (G1 genotype) in camels in Tunisia Vet Parasitol 121 151 156 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.02.01615110412Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Lahmar, S., Kilani, M., Torgerson, P.R., Gemmell, M.A. (1999): Echinococcus granulosus larvae in the livers of sheep in Tunisia: the effects of host age. Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 93: 75–81. DOI: 10.1080/00034989958825 Lahmar S. Kilani M. Torgerson P.R. Gemmell M.A. 1999 Echinococcus granulosus larvae in the livers of sheep in Tunisia: the effects of host age Ann Trop Med Parasitol 93 75 81 10.1080/0003498995882510492674Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Laurimäe, T., Kinkar, L., Moks, E., Romig, T., Omer, R.A., Casulli, A., Umhang, G., Bagrade, G., Irshadullah, M., Sharbatkhori, M., Mirhendi, H., Ponce-Gordo, F., Soriano, S.V., Varcasia, A., Rostami-Nejad, M., Andresiuk, V., Sarma, U. (2018): Molecular phylogeny based on six nuclear genes suggests that Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotypes G6/G7 and G8/G10 can be regarded as two distinct species. Parasitology, 145(14): 1929–1937. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182018000719 Laurimäe T. Kinkar L. Moks E. Romig T. Omer R.A. Casulli A. Umhang G. Bagrade G. Irshadullah M. Sharbatkhori M. Mirhendi H. Ponce-Gordo F. Soriano S.V. Varcasia A. Rostami-Nejad M. Andresiuk V. Sarma U. 2018 Molecular phylogeny based on six nuclear genes suggests that Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotypes G6/G7 and G8/G10 can be regarded as two distinct species Parasitology 14514 1929 1937 10.1017/S003118201800071929781421Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Lavikainen, A., Lehtinen, M.J., Meri, T., Hirvela-Koski, V., Meri, S. (2003): Molecular genetic characterization of the Fennoscandian cervid strain, a new genotypic group (G10) of Echinococcus granulosus Parasitology, 127: 207–215. DOI: 10.1017/s0031182003003780 Lavikainen A. Lehtinen M.J. Meri T. Hirvela-Koski V. Meri S. 2003 Molecular genetic characterization of the Fennoscandian cervid strain, a new genotypic group (G10) of Echinococcus granulosus Parasitology 127 207 215 10.1017/s003118200300378012964823Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Lemma, B., Abera, T., Urga, B., Niguse, A., Agonafr, A. (2014): Prevalence of Bovine Hydatidosis and Its Economic Significance in Harar Municipality Abattoir, Eastern Ethiopia. Am-Eurasian J Sci Res, 9(5): 143–149. DOI: 10.5829/idosi.aejsr.2014.9.5.9144 Lemma B. Abera T. Urga B. Niguse A. Agonafr A. 2014 Prevalence of Bovine Hydatidosis and Its Economic Significance in Harar Municipality Abattoir, Eastern Ethiopia Am-Eurasian J Sci Res 95 143 149 10.5829/idosi.aejsr.2014.9.5.9144Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Lymbery, A.J. (2017): Phylogenetic pattern, evolutionary processes and species delimitation in the genus Echinococcus Adv Parasitol, 95: 111–145. DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.07.002 Lymbery A.J. 2017 Phylogenetic pattern, evolutionary processes and species delimitation in the genus Echinococcus Adv Parasitol 95 111 145 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.07.00228131362Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Mahmoud, S.M. (2012): Study of some zoonotic parasites in slaughtered animals abattoirs in Kalyobia Province. M.V. Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt Mahmoud S.M. 2012 Study of some zoonotic parasites in slaughtered animals abattoirs in Kalyobia Province. M.V. Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University, EgyptSearch in Google Scholar

Mohamed, M.I .(2010): Study of cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered animals in Al Baha region, Saudi Arabia: Interaction between some biotic factors. Acta Trop,113: 26–33. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.08.029 Mohamed M.I .2010 Study of cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered animals in Al Baha region, Saudi Arabia: Interaction between some biotic factors Acta Trop 113 26 33 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.08.02919744464Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Mousa, W.M., Abdel-Wahab, A.M., Sohila, M.E., Mahdy, O.A. (2020): Genetic characterization of hydatid cysts of different intermediate hosts. Helminthologia, 57(3): 185–195. DOI: 10.2478/helm-2020-0031 Mousa W.M. Abdel-Wahab A.M. Sohila M.E. Mahdy O.A. 2020 Genetic characterization of hydatid cysts of different intermediate hosts Helminthologia 573 185 195 10.2478/helm-2020-0031742523432855606Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Muhsin, S.S., Ahmed, D.N., Hasan, A.J. (2015): Comparative biochemical study of hydatid cyst fluid of Echinococcus granulosus isolated from infected human, sheep and cattle in Baghdad city. IOSR J Nurs Health Sci, 4(6): 72–74. DOI: 10.9790/195904627274 Muhsin S.S. Ahmed D.N. Hasan A.J. 2015 Comparative biochemical study of hydatid cyst fluid of Echinococcus granulosus isolated from infected human, sheep and cattle in Baghdad city IOSR J Nurs Health Sci 46 72 74 10.9790/195904627274Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Mwambete, K.D., Gordo, F.P., Bandera, C.C. (2004): Genetic identification and host range of the Spanish strains of Echinococcus granulosus Acta Trop, 91(2): 87–93. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2004.04.001 Mwambete K.D. Gordo F.P. Bandera C.C. 2004 Genetic identification and host range of the Spanish strains of Echinococcus granulosus Acta Trop 912 87 93 10.1016/j.actatropica.2004.04.00115234657Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Nakao, M., Lavikainen, A., Yanagida, T., Ito, A. (2013a): Phylogenetic systematics of thegenus Echinococcus (cestoda: Taeniidae). Int. J Parasitol, 43: 1017–1029. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.06.002 Nakao M. Lavikainen A. Yanagida T. Ito A. 2013a Phylogenetic systematics of thegenus Echinococcus (cestoda: Taeniidae) Int. J Parasitol 43 1017 1029 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.06.00223872521Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Nakao, M., Yanagida, T., Konyaev, S., Lavikainen, A., Odnokurtsev, V.A., Zaikov, V.A., Ito, A. (2013b): Mitochondrial phylogeny of the genus Echinococcus (Cestoda: Taeniidae) with emphasis on relationships among Echinococcus canadensis genotypes. Parasitology, 140: 1625–1636. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182013000565 Nakao M. Yanagida T. Konyaev S. Lavikainen A. Odnokurtsev V.A. Zaikov V.A. Ito A. 2013b Mitochondrial phylogeny of the genus Echinococcus (Cestoda: Taeniidae) with emphasis on relationships among Echinococcus canadensis genotypes Parasitology 140 1625 1636 10.1017/S003118201300056523731519Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Njoroge, E.M., Mbithi, P.M.F., Gathuma, J.M., Wachira, T.M., Gathura, P.B., Magambo, J.K., Zeyhle, E. (2002): A study of cystic echinococcosis in slaughter animals in three selected areas of northern Turkana, Kenya. Vet Parasitol, 104: 85–91. DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(01)00614-8 Njoroge E.M. Mbithi P.M.F.Gathuma J.M. Wachira T.M. Gathura P.B. Magambo J.K. Zeyhle E. 2002 A study of cystic echinococcosis in slaughter animals in three selected areas of northern Turkana, Kenya Vet Parasitol 104 85 91 10.1016/s0304-4017(01)00614-811779657Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Omer, R.A., Dinkel, A., Romig, T., Mackenstedt, U., Elnahas, A.A., Aradaib, I.E., Ahmed, M.E., Elmalik, K.H., Adam, A. (2010): A molecular survey of cystic echinococcosis in Sudan. Vet Parasitol, 169: 340–346. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.01.004 Omer R.A. Dinkel A. Romig T. Mackenstedt U. Elnahas A.A. Aradaib I.E. Ahmed M.E. Elmalik K.H. Adam A. 2010 A molecular survey of cystic echinococcosis in Sudan Vet Parasitol 169 340 346 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.01.00420138433Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Omar, M., Sultan, K., Haridy, M., Ali, A. (2013): Prevalence of Cystic Echinococcosis in slaughtered ruminants in different abattoirs, upper Egypt. Am J Anim Vet Sci, 8: 117–121. DOI: 10.3844/ajavsp.2013.117.121 Omar M. Sultan K. Haridy M. Ali A. 2013 Prevalence of Cystic Echinococcosis in slaughtered ruminants in different abattoirs, upper Egypt Am J Anim Vet Sci, 8 117 121 10.3844/ajavsp.2013.117.121Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Oostburg, B.F., Vrede, M.A., Bergen, A.E. (2000): The occurrence of polycystic echinococcosis in Suriname. Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 94(3): 247–252. DOI: 10.1080/00034980050006429 Oostburg B.F. Vrede M.A. Bergen A.E. 2000 The occurrence of polycystic echinococcosis in Suriname Ann Trop Med Parasitol 943 247 252 10.1080/0003498005000642910884869Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Picoli, L., Bazochi, C., Brunetti, E., Mihailescu, P., Bandi, C., Mastalier, B., Cordos, I., Beuran, M., Popa, L.G., Meroni, V., Genco, F., Cretu, C. (2013): Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus in south-eastern Romania: evidence of G1–G3 and G6–G10 complexes in humans. Clin Microbiol Infect, 19: 578–582. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03993.x Picoli L. Bazochi C. Brunetti E. Mihailescu P. Bandi C. Mastalier B. Cordos I. Beuran M. Popa L.G. Meroni V. Genco F. Cretu C. 2013 Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus in south-eastern Romania: evidence of G1–G3 and G6–G10 complexes in humans Clin Microbiol Infect 19 578 582 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03993.x22967309Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Radfar, M.H., Iranyar N. (2004): Biochemical profiles of hydatid cyst fluids of Echinococcus granulosus of human and animal origin in Iran. Vet Arh, 74: 435–442 Radfar M.H. Iranyar N. 2004 Biochemical profiles of hydatid cyst fluids of Echinococcus granulosus of human and animal origin in Iran Vet Arh 74 435 442Search in Google Scholar

Regasa, F., Molla, A., Bekele, J. (2010): Study on the prevalence of cystic hydatidosis and its economic significance in cattle slaughtered at Hawassa Municipal abattoir, Ethiopia. Trop Anim Health Prod, 42(5): 977–984. DOI: 10.1007/s11250-009-9517-2 Regasa F. Molla A. Bekele J. 2010 Study on the prevalence of cystic hydatidosis and its economic significance in cattle slaughtered at Hawassa Municipal abattoir, Ethiopia Trop Anim Health Prod 425 977 984 10.1007/s11250-009-9517-220111997Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Roinioti, E., Papathansopoulou, A., Theodoropoulou, L., Simsek, S., Theodoropoulos, G.I. (2016): Molecular identification of Echinococcus granulosus isolates from ruminants in Greece. Vet Parasitol, 226: 138–144. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.06.040 Roinioti E. Papathansopoulou A. Theodoropoulou L. Simsek S. Theodoropoulos G.I. 2016 Molecular identification of Echinococcus granulosus isolates from ruminants in Greece Vet Parasitol 226 138 144 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.06.04027514899Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Romig, T., Ebi, D., Wasermann, M. (2015): Taxonomy and molecular epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. Vet Parasitol, 213(3–4): 76–84. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.07.035 Romig T. Ebi D. Wasermann M. 2015 Taxonomy and molecular epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato Vet Parasitol 2133–4 76 84 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.07.03526264250Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Salih, M., Degefu, D., Yohannes, M. (2011): Infection Rates, Cyst Fertility and Larval Viability of Hydatid Disease in Camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Borena, Kereyu and Harar Areas of Ethiopia. Global Vet, 7 (6): 518–522 Salih M. Degefu D. Yohannes M. 2011 Infection Rates, Cyst Fertility and Larval Viability of Hydatid Disease in Camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Borena, Kereyu and Harar Areas of Ethiopia Global Vet 7 6 518 522Search in Google Scholar

Shi, Y., Wan, X., Wang, Z., Li, J., Jiang, Z., Yang, Y. (2019): First description of Echinococcus ortleppi infection in China. Parasit Vectors, 12: 398. DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3653-y Shi Y. Wan X. Wang Z. Li J. Jiang Z. Yang Y. 2019 First description of Echinococcus ortleppi infection in China Parasit Vectors 12 398 10.1186/s13071-019-3653-y668917231399141Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Tamura, K., Nei, M. (1993): Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Mol Biol Evol, 10: 512–526. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040023 Tamura K. Nei M. 1993 Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees Mol Biol Evol, 10 512 526 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a0400238336541Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Tashani, O.A., Zhang, L.H., Boufana, B., Jegi, A., McManus, D.P. (2002): Epidemiology and strain characteristics of Echinococcus granulosus in the Benghazi area of eastern Libya. Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 96: 369–381. DOI: 10.1179/000349802125000952 Tashani O.A. Zhang L.H. Boufana B. Jegi A. McManus D.P. 2002 Epidemiology and strain characteristics of Echinococcus granulosus in the Benghazi area of eastern Libya Ann Trop Med Parasitol 96 369 381 10.1179/00034980212500095212171618Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Thompson, R.C., McManus, D.P. (2002): Towards a taxonomic revision of the genus Echinococcus Trends Parasitol, 18: 452–457. DOI: 10.1016/s1471-4922(02)02358-9 Thompson R.C. McManus D.P. 2002 Towards a taxonomic revision of the genus Echinococcus Trends Parasitol 18 452 457 10.1016/s1471-4922(02)02358-912377596Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Thompson, R.C.A. (2008): The taxonomy, phylogeny and transmission of Echinococcus Exp Parasitol, 119: 439–446. DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2008.04.016 Thompson R.C.A. 2008 The taxonomy, phylogeny and transmission of Echinococcus Exp Parasitol 119 439 446 10.1016/j.exppara.2008.04.01618539274Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Turcekova, L., Snabel, V., D’amelio, S., Busi, M., Dubinsky, P. (2003): Morphological and genetic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus in the Slovak Republic. Acta Trop, 85: 223–229. DOI: 10.1016/s0001-706x(02)00229-2 Turcekova L. Snabel V. D’amelio S. Busi M. Dubinsky P. 2003 Morphological and genetic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus in the Slovak Republic Acta Trop 85 223 229 10.1016/s0001-706x(02)00229-212606100Open DOISearch in Google Scholar