<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The present study has investigated the potential of including different sources and levels of fiber (6.5% and 7.5%) in growing-fattening pigs’ diet. The nine weeks feeding trial was conducted on nine hybrids TOPIGS castrated males with an initial average weight of 25.25±2.11 kg, randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups with 3 replicates per group.
The control group (C) was fed with a corn, wheat and soybean basal diet and it was characterized by 3.5% crude fiber (CF), the experimental groups E1 had 6.5% CF (4% alfalfa meal and 12.36 % sunflower meal) and E2 had 7.5% (6% alfalfa and 18.38% sunflower meal) decreasing the dietary rate inclusion of soybean meal from C (21.42% soybean meal). Bodyweight (initial, final), average daily feed intake (ADFI), leftovers were registered and average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated during the experiment. At the end of the study, the pigs were slaughtered for the determination of carcass traits and meat quality parameters. The productive performances were not influenced by the source or level of the fiber content. The saturated fatty acid (SFA) values were significantly different (P&lt;0.05) in E1 group for shoulder and belly samples compared to C and for breast samples on E2. Higher MUFA concentrations significantly different (P&lt;0.05) were noticed for ham, sirloin, rack, shoulder, breast on E1. PUFA, Ω:6 concentration shown significant differences (P&lt;0.05) within E2 to all meat samples collected, except the neck.
The best carcass classification results were recorded in the E1 with 6.5% cellulose (50% Class S and 50% Class E) according to the SEUROP system classification.
The study concluded that the dietary percentages of alfalfa meal and sunflower meal did not compromise productive performances but the average muscle thickness and meat percentage registered lower values compared with group C. Further studies with the same raw materials but changing the inclusion percentages should have experimented with emphasis on carcass traits results.
</abstract>

Influences of different sources and levels of crude fiber on performances, fatty acids profile and carcass traits in growing-fattening pigs’ diet

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

This study investigated the effects of dietary inclusion of grape seed meal (GSM) on antioxidant markers in kidney of aflatoxin B1 fed pigs. Twenty-four cross-bred pigs (TOPIG-40) were randomly assigned to one of the four experimental diets: control (Control), aflatoxin B1 (diet contaminated with 320 μg AFB1/kg feed), grape seed meal (diet with 8% GSM) and AFB1+GSM (320 μg AFB1/kg feed + 8% GSM) for 30 days. Aflatoxin B1 induced oxidative damage and showed lower antioxidant status in kidney after 30 days. CAT and SOD activity measured in kidneys revealed significant differences when comparing the GSM+AFB1 group with the AFB1 group. Additionally, GSM diet alone did not affect CAT and SOD levels in kidneys of piglets compared with the control group, suggesting that they are maintained at physiological levels. We did not detect any effects of GSM on GPx and TAS. Including GSM into piglets’ diet significantly lowered lipid peroxidation induced by AFB1, while it did not affect it compared with the control group. The present study demonstrated the ability of GSM to alleviate the effects induced by the toxin evidenced by the improvement in the antioxidant status, and suggests the potential applicability of GSM as mycotoxin adsorbent in animal feed.
</abstract>

Response of antioxidant status in kidney of pigs exposed to aflatoxin B1 to dietary grape seed meal

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Feed contamination is a major concern to the pig farming industry. There is a growing concern towards the harmful effects that mycotoxins and especially ochratoxin A have on the overall health and development of pigs.
However the deleterious effects on the gastro-intestinal microbiota has not been studied thoroughly, especially at a low dose exposure. The current study proposed to investigate the effect of a sub-chronic dose of OTA on some of the important bacterial populations colonizing the pig gut as well as assessing the impact on SCFA production. The changes induced in bacterial populations not only affect the immune system of the pig but also influence the development of the mycotoxicosis. This paper highlights the impact of 0.05mg/kg feed of OTA on the large intestine microbiota and on the SCFA production associated with it.
</abstract>

The effects of a low dose OTA exposure on weanling piglet gut microbiota

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Genetic parameters are important in breeding program of sheep. For the genetic evaluation of sheep was used the random regression test-day animal model. This model was better economic that another models because reduces generation interval and reduces the costs with test-days records. Data consisted of 1050 test-day of 403 ewes in first year (2017), 752 test-day of 374 ewes in second year (2018) and 1164 test-day of 319 ewes in third year (2019). The main goal to achieve the objectives of this research were the estimation of the genetic parameters important in obtaining the breeding value by calculation heritability for test-day milk yields and the correlations between test-days milk yields, for Teleorman Black Head Sheep population from Teleorman county in three different years. The heritability for test-day milk yield ranged from 0.150 to 0.237 in 2017, from 0.212 to 0.600 in 2018 and in 2019 from 0.186 to 0.403. Genetic correlations between sheep test-days milk yield in 2017 were positive and high.
</abstract>

Milk yield genetic parameters estimated using random regression model in Teleorman Black Head Sheep

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The study evaluated the effects of a <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> strains probiotic mix on performance, carcass traits, organs size, and intestinal microflora in broilers. A total of 200 one-day-old unsexed broilers were allotted into 2 groups with 5 replicates (20 broilers/replicate). During the feeding trial (35 d) the broilers were fed with a control (basal diet) or probiotic (basal diet plus 3% probiotic mix <italic>L. acidophilus</italic> and <italic>L. plantarum</italic>, 1:1 ratio). The probiotic supplementation did not significantly influence the performance, carcass traits and organs size of broilers at slaughter age. No effect of probiotic supplementation on visceral weight or length was observed, except a higher of jejunum (P=0.007) and ileum (P=0.013) weights, and a tendency to higher the caecum length (P=0.070). The probiotic mix had no significant effect on the intestinal pH, but it improved the microflora by decreasing the <italic>Enterobacteria</italic> and <italic>E. coli</italic> counts and increasing the <italic>Lactobacilli</italic> counts and <italic>Lactobacilli</italic>: <italic>E. coli</italic> ratio in the ileum and caecum (P&lt;0.05). In conclusion, the probiotic mix (<italic>L. acidophilus</italic> and <italic>L. plantarum</italic> mix, 1:1 ratio) did not significantly affect the productive performance but had a positive effect on broilers’ gut microflora.
</abstract>

Performance and intestinal microflora response of broilers to a probiotic mixture supplementation

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

This study was intended to assess the effect of graded replacements of corn gluten meal with Brewer’s yeast (<italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</italic>), with and without <italic>Bacillus megaterium</italic> supplementation, on performance, carcass characteristics, and the gut broilers microflora composition. A total of 720 mixed sex one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to six dietary treatment groups (6 replicates each) in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, including 3 levels of Brewer’s yeast (BY; 0, 25, and 50%, to replace corn gluten meal; CGM) in the presence (+) or absence (−) of <italic>B. megaterium</italic> used as probiotic (Pro). The results showed that broilers fed diets containing BY up to 25% had comparable body weight (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) to the birds fed only CGM, over the entire feeding period (days 1–35). Conversely, higher levels of BY (50% replacing CGM) registered the lowest BWG values (P &lt; 0.001) and impaired FCR (P &lt; 0.010), but without effects on FI. The BY diets did not significantly affect the main broiler’s carcass traits. The diets with Pro did not involve modifications on carcass and organs size, but a tendency to increase the gizzard weight (P = 0.094) and to decrease SIL (P = 0.076) was observed. Pro addition also, reduced the cecal pH (P = 0.040) and diminish the total coliforms (P &lt; 0.010), <italic>Clostridium</italic> spp. (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.0001), and <italic>E. coli</italic> (P &lt; 0.0001) count, whereas LAB, <italic>Bacillus</italic> spp., and <italic>Enterococcus</italic> spp. bacteria were increased (P = 0.022; P &lt; 0.0001, and P &lt; 0.0001, respectively).
</abstract>

Use of brewer’s yeast (<italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</italic>) in broiler feeds to replace corn gluten meal with or without probiotic additives

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The mycotoxins ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEA) are frequent contaminants of cereals responsible for important toxic effects in human and animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of the sea buckthorn meal extract in alleviating the toxic effect of ochratoxin A and zearalenone on oxidative stress and inflammation using porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Our results have shown that both zearalenone and ochratoxin causes oxidative damage and alter the inflammatory response. The use of the sea buckthorn meal extract can improve some markers of the oxidative stress (total antioxidant status) and inflammation (pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6) altered by exposure to the mycotoxins ZEA and OTA and our results indicate that this waste represents a promising biological method that can be used for the alleviation of the mycotoxins negative effects.
</abstract>

Effect of sea buckthorn meal extract in alleviating the toxic effect of ochratoxin A and zearalenone in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

In intestinal inflammation disorders (inflammatory bowel diseases, IBD), the strategies of chronic inflammation management are oriented to the alternative therapies. There were demonstrated the beneficial effects of probiotics as modulators of intestinal inflammation. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a probiotic <italic>Lactobacilli</italic> mixture on pro-inflammatory cytokines and in-depth MAPK signalling pathway in an <italic>in vitro</italic> model of intestinal inflammation. Intestinal Caco-2 cells were stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 4 hours; cells were cultured in presence of <italic>Lactobacilli</italic> sp. (<italic>Lb</italic>) mixture <italic>(Lb rhamnosus, Lb. paracasei</italic> and <italic>Lb. acidophilus</italic>, 1x108 CFU each <italic>Lb</italic>) for additional 24 hours. Genomic and proteomic analyses were performed to evaluate 22 inflammatory-related genes and proteins (cytokines and their receptors) and p38/JNK/ERK MAP kinases. The <italic>Lactobacilli</italic> mixture inhibited the pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in LPS-treated Caco-2 cells, the most affected cytokines being <italic>TNF-α</italic> and <italic>IL-12 p70</italic> and up-regulated the anti-inflammatory cytokines <italic>IL-4</italic> and <italic>IL-10</italic> genes and proteins when compared to LPS-stimulated. A percent of 66% of genes and 60 % of MAPKs proteins were down-regulated by <italic>Lb</italic> mixture, under the level of LPS-treated cells. Our data suggest that <italic>Lactobacilli</italic> mixture might inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines via p38/JNK/ERK MAPKs signalling pathways in LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cells.
</abstract>

<italic>Lactobacilli</italic> sp. mixture alleviates LPS-induced inflammation in Caco-2 intestinal cell line

AHEAD OF PRINT

Volume 26 (2023): Issue 2 (October 2023)

Volume 26 (2023): Issue 1 (June 2023)

Volume 25 (2022): Issue 2 (December 2022)

Volume 25 (2022): Issue 1 (June 2022)

Volume 24 (2021): Issue 2 (December 2021)

Volume 24 (2021): Issue 1 (June 2021)

Volume 23 (2020): Issue 2 (December 2020)

Volume 23 (2020): Issue 1 (June 2020)

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Archiva Zootechnica

Volume 24 (2021): Issue 1 (June 2021)

Influences of different sources and levels of crude fiber on performances, fatty acids profile and carcass traits in growing-fattening pigs’ diet

Response of antioxidant status in kidney of pigs exposed to aflatoxin B1 to dietary grape seed meal

The effects of a low dose OTA exposure on weanling piglet gut microbiota

Milk yield genetic parameters estimated using random regression model in Teleorman Black Head Sheep

Performance and intestinal microflora response of broilers to a probiotic mixture supplementation

Use of brewer’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in broiler feeds to replace corn gluten meal with or without probiotic additives

Effect of sea buckthorn meal extract in alleviating the toxic effect of ochratoxin A and zearalenone in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Lactobacilli sp. mixture alleviates LPS-induced inflammation in Caco-2 intestinal cell line

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