Acceso abierto

Rethinking Transformational Leadership and Workforce Dynamics for the Human -Centric Tech Era: Insights into Employee Engagement, Satisfaction and Job Performance

  
15 may 2025

Cite
Descargar portada

Afsar, B., Badir, Y. F., & Saeed, B. B. (2014). Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 114(8), 1270–1300, https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-05-2014-0152. Search in Google Scholar

Alagarsamy, S., Mehrolia, S., & Aranha, R. H. (2020). The mediating effect of employee engagement: how employee psychological empowerment impacts the employee satisfaction? A study of Maldivian tourism sector. Global Business Review, 24(3), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150920915315. Search in Google Scholar

Albrecht, S. L. (2012). The influence of job, team and organizational level resources on employee well-being, engagement, commitment and extra-role performance: Test of a model. International Journal of Manpower, 33(7), 840–853. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437721211268357. Search in Google Scholar

Albrecht, S., Breidahl, E., & Marty, A. (2018). Organizational resources, organizational engagement climate, and employee engagement. Career Development International, 23(1), 67–85. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-04-2017-0064. Search in Google Scholar

Allen, D. G., Shore, L. M., & Griffeth, R. W. (2003). The role of perceived organizational support and supportive human resource practices in the turnover process. Journal of Management, 29(1), 99–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630302900107. Search in Google Scholar

Allen, I. E., & Seaman, C. A. (2007). Likert scales and data analyses. Quality Progress, 40(7), 64–65. Search in Google Scholar

Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1991). A three -component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z. Search in Google Scholar

Arnold, K. A., Turner, N., Barling, J., Kelloway, E. K., & McKee, M. C. (2007). Transformational leadership and psychological well-being: the mediating role of meaningful work. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12(3), 193. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/1076-8998.12.3.193. Search in Google Scholar

Avolio, B. J., & Bass, B.M. (2004). Multifactor leadership questionnaire: Thrid edition manual and sampler set. Menlo Park, CA: Mindgarden, Inc. Search in Google Scholar

Avolio, B. J., Walumbwa, F. O., & Weber, T. J. (2009). Leadership: Current theories, research, and future directions. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 421–449. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163621. Search in Google Scholar

Babbie, E. R. (2016; 2020). The Practice of Social Research. Cengage Learning. Search in Google Scholar

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career Development International, 13(3), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430810870476. Search in Google Scholar

Bass, B. M. (1995). Theory of Transformational Leadership Redux. The Leadership Quarterly, 6(4), 463–478. https://doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(95)90021-7. Search in Google Scholar

Bass, B. M. (1999). Two Decades of Research and Development in Transformational Leadership. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(1), 9–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/135943299398410. Search in Google Scholar

Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving Organizational Effectiveness through Transformational Leadership. Sage Publications. Search in Google Scholar

Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational Leadership. Psychology Press. Search in Google Scholar

Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press. Benevene, P., Dal Corso, L., De Carlo, A., Falco, A., Carluccio, F., & Vecina, M. L. (2018). Ethical leadership as antecedent of job satisfaction, affective organizational commitment and intention to stay among volunteers of non -profit organizations. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2069. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02069. Search in Google Scholar

Bogler, R. (2001). The Influence of Leadership Style on Teacher Job Satisfaction. Educational Administration Quarterly, 37(5), 662–683. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131610121969460. Search in Google Scholar

Boone, H. N., & Boone, D. A. (2012). Analyzing Likert data. Journal of Extension, 50(2), 1–5. Search in Google Scholar

Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1993). Expanding the Criterion Domain to Include Elements of Contextual Performance. In Schmitt, N., & Borman, W. C. (Eds.), Personnel Selection in Organizations. Jossey-Bass. Search in Google Scholar

Braun, S., Peus, C., Weisweiler, S., & Frey, D. (2013). Transformational Leadership, Job Satisfaction, and Team Performance: A Multilevel Mediation Model of Trust. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(1), 270–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2012.11.006. Search in Google Scholar

Breevaart, K., Bakker, A., Hetland, J., Demerouti, E., Olsen, O. K., & Espevik, R. (2014). Daily transactional and transformational leadership and daily employee engagement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87(1), 138–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12041. Search in Google Scholar

Breevaart, K., & Bakker, A. B. (2018). Daily job demands and employee work engagement: The role of daily transformational leadership behavior. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 23(3), 338–349. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/ocp0000082. Search in Google Scholar

Brief, A. P. (1998). Attitudes in and around organizations (Vol. 9). Sage. Search in Google Scholar

Buil, I., Martínez, E., & Matute, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and employee performance: the role of identification, engagement and proactive personality. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 64–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.014. Search in Google Scholar

Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. Harper & Row: New York. Search in Google Scholar

Burns, J. M. (2004). Transforming leadership: A new pursuit of happiness. Grove Press. Search in Google Scholar

Campbell, J. P., McHenry, J. J., & Wise, L. L. (1990). Modeling Job Performance in a Population of Jobs. Personnel Psychology, 43(2), 313–575. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb01561.x. Search in Google Scholar

Cranny, C. J., Smith, P. C., & Stone, E. (1992). Job Satisfaction: How People Feel about Their Jobs. Lexington Books. Search in Google Scholar

Crnobrnja, J., Lalic, D. C., Romero, D., Softic, S., & Marjanovic, U. (2024). Digital Transformation Towards Human-Centricity: A Systematic Literature Review. In IFIP International Conference on Advances in Production Management Systems (pp. 89–102). Springer, Cham. Search in Google Scholar

Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602. Search in Google Scholar

Dai, Y. D., Dai, Y. Y., Chen, K. Y., & Wu, H. C. (2013). Transformational vs transactional leadership: Which is better?: A study on employees of international tourist hotels in Taipei City. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 25(5), 760–778. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM – Dec-2011-0223. Search in Google Scholar

Darvishmotevali, M., & Ali, F. (2020). Job insecurity, subjective well -being and job performance: The moderating role of psychological capital. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 87, 102462. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102462. Search in Google Scholar

DeNisi, A. S., & Murphy, K. R. (2017). Performance Appraisal and Performance Management: 100 Years of Progress? Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 421–433. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000085. Search in Google Scholar

Denison, D. R., Haaland, S., & Goeizer, P. (2003). Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness: Is there a similar pattern around the world? In J. Osland (Ed.), Advances in Global Leadership (Vol. 3, pp. 205–227). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Search in Google Scholar

Dionne, S. D., Yammarino, F. J., Atwater, L. E., & Spangler, W. D. (2004). Transformational leadership and team performance. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(2), 177–193. https://doi.org/10.1108/09534810410530601. Search in Google Scholar

Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, Phone, Mail, and Mixed‑ ‑Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons Inc. Search in Google Scholar

Downton, J. V. (1973). Rebel leadership: Commitment and charisma in the revolutionary process. Free Press. Search in Google Scholar

Eisenbeiss, S. A., Van Knippenberg, D., & Boerner, S. (2008). Transformational leadership and team innovation: Integrating team climate principles. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(6), 1438–1446. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012716. Search in Google Scholar

Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500–507. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500. Search in Google Scholar

Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch, P. D., & Rhoades, L. (2001). Reciprocation of perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.42. Search in Google Scholar

Eliyana, A., Ma’arif, S., & Muzakki, Z. (2019). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment effect in the transformational leadership towards employee performance. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 25(3), 144–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2019.05.001. Search in Google Scholar

Evans, J. R., & Mathur, A. (2018). The value of online surveys: A look back and a look ahead. Internet Research, 28(4), 854–887. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-03-2018-0089. Search in Google Scholar

Faragher, E. B., Cass, M., & Cooper, C. L. (2005). The relationship between job satisfaction and health: a meta-analysis. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.2002.006734. Search in Google Scholar

Gefen, D., Straub, D., & Boudreau, M. C. (2008). Structural equation modeling and regression: Guidelines for research practice. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 4(1), 1–77. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.00407. Search in Google Scholar

Goldstein, I. L., & Ford, J. K. (2002). Training in organizations: Needs assessment, development, and evaluation (4th ed.). Wadsworth. Search in Google Scholar

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. Search in Google Scholar

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications. Search in Google Scholar

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2021). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. Search in Google Scholar

Hameed, Z., Khan, I. U., Islam, T., Sheikh, Z., & Naeem, R. M. (2020). Do green HRM practices influence employees’ environmental performance? International Journal of Manpower, 41(7), 1061–1079. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-08-2019-0407. Search in Google Scholar

Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Hayes, T. L. (2002). Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 268–279. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.2.268. Search in Google Scholar

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance -based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43, 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8. Search in Google Scholar

Hulland, J. (1999). Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: A review of four recent studies. Strategic Management Journal, 20(2), 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199902)20:2<195::AID – SMJ13>3.0.CO;2-7. Search in Google Scholar

Islam, T., Tariq, J., & Usman, B. (2018). Transformational leadership and four -dimensional commitment: mediating role of job characteristics and moderating role of participative and directive leadership styles. Journal of Management Development, 37(9–10), 666–683. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-06-2017-0197. Search in Google Scholar

Joshi, A., Kale, S., Chandel, S., & Pal, D. K. (2015). Likert scale: Explored and explained. Current Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 7(4), 396–403. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJAST/2015/14975. Search in Google Scholar

Judge, T. A., & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and transactional leadership: a meta--analytic test of their relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5), 755–768. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-9010.89.5.755. Search in Google Scholar

Judge, T. A., Weiss, H. M., Kammeyer-Mueller, & Hulin, C. L. (2017). Job attitudes, job satisfaction, and job affect: A century of continuity and of change. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 356. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/apl0000181. Search in Google Scholar

Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287. Search in Google Scholar

Kane, J. S. (1996). The Conceptualization and Representation of Total Performance Effectiveness. Human Resource Management Review, 6(2), 123–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(96)90012-9. Search in Google Scholar

Kim, M., & Beehr, T. A. (2018). Empowering leadership: leading people to be present through affective organizational commitment? International Journal of Human Resource Management, 31(16), 2015–2044. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2018.1424017. Search in Google Scholar

Koopmans L., Bernaards C. M., Hildebrandt V. H., Schaufeli W. B., De Vet H. C. W., & Van Der Beek A. J. (2011). Conceptual frameworks of individual work performance: A systematic review. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 53(8), 856–866. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e318226a763. Search in Google Scholar

Koroglu, S., & Ozmen, O. (2021). The mediating effect of work engagement on innovative work behavior and the role of psychological well -being in the job demands – resources (JD – R) model. Asia ‑Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 14(2), 123–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-09-2020-0326. Search in Google Scholar

Kwon, K., & Kim, T. (2020). An integrative literature review of employee engagement and innovative behavior: revisiting the JD -R model. Human Resource Management Review, 30(2), 100704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2019.100704. Search in Google Scholar

Lai, F. Y., Tang, H. C., Lu, S. C., Lee, Y. C., & Lin, C. C. (2020). Transformational leadership and job performance: The mediating role of work engagement. SAGE Open, 10(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019899085. Search in Google Scholar

Le, P. B., & Lei, H. (2017). How transformational leadership supports knowledge sharing: evidence from Chinese manufacturing and service firms. Chinese Management Studies, 11(3), 479–497. https://doi.org/10.1108/CMS-02-2017-0039. Search in Google Scholar

Li, H., Sajjad, N., Wang, Q., Ali, A. M., Khaqan, Z., & Amina, S. (2019). Influence of transformational leadership on employees’ Innovative work behavior in sustainable organizations: test of mediation and moderation processes. Sustainability, 11(6), 1594. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11061594. Search in Google Scholar

Locke, E. A. (1976). The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1(1), 1297–1343. Search in Google Scholar

Lu, Y., Zheng, H., Chand, S., Xia, W., Liu, Z., Xu, X., Wang. L., Qin, Z., & Bao, J. (2022). Outlook on human -centric manufacturing towards Industry 5.0. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 62, 612–627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2022.02.001. Search in Google Scholar

Malhotra, N. K., Nunan, D., & Birks, D. F. (2017). Marketing Research: An Applied Approach (5th ed.). Pearson Education. Search in Google Scholar

Meyer, J. P., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: A meta -analysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(1), 20–52. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1842. Search in Google Scholar

Mi, L., Gan, X., Xu, T., Long, R., Qiao, L., & Zhu, H. (2019). A new perspective to promote organizational citizenship behaviour for the environment: the role of transformational leadership. Journal of Cleaner Production, 239, 118002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118002. Search in Google Scholar

Motowidlo, S. J., Borman, W. C., & Schmit, M. J. (1997). A Theory of Individual Differences in Task and Contextual Performance. Human Performance, 10(2), 71–83. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327043hup1002_1. Search in Google Scholar

Nazir, O., & Islam, J. U. (2017). Enhancing organizational commitment and employee performance through employee engagement: an empirical check. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 6(1), 98–114. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAJBS-04-2016-0036. Search in Google Scholar

Northouse, P. G. (2018). Leadership: Theory and Practice (8th ed.). Sage Publications. Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome. Lexington Books. Search in Google Scholar

Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Moorman, R. H., & Fetter, R. (1990). Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers’ trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors. The Leadership Quarterly, 1(2), 107–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(90)90009-7. Search in Google Scholar

Reilly, P. (2018). Building customer centricity in the hospitality sector: the role of talent management. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 10(1), 42–56. https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-10-2017-0068. Search in Google Scholar

Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698. Search in Google Scholar

Rodrigo, P., Aqueveque, C., & Duran, I. J. (2019). Do employees value strategic CSR? A tale of affective organizational commitment and its underlying mechanisms. Business Ethics: A European Review, 28(4), 459–475. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12227. Search in Google Scholar

Sahu, S., Pathardikar, A., & Kumar, A. (2018). Transformational leadership and turnover: mediating effects of employee engagement, employer branding, and psychological attachment. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 39(1), 82–99. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-12-2016-0316. Search in Google Scholar

Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(7), 600–619. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610690169. Search in Google Scholar

Salanova, M., Agut, S., & Peiró, J. M. (2005). Linking organizational resources and work engagement to employee performance and customer loyalty: the mediation of service climate. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1217–1227. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1217. Search in Google Scholar

Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2007). Research Methods for Business Students (4th ed.). Prentice Hall. Search in Google Scholar

Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293–315. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.248. Search in Google Scholar

Schwab, K. (2017). The fourth industrial revolution. Crown Currency. Search in Google Scholar

Schwarz, G. (2017). Transformational leadership and job performance: The role of organizational identification. In Muenjohn, N., McMurray, A. (Eds.) The Palgrave Handbook of Leadership in Transforming Asia. Palgrave Macmillan. Search in Google Scholar

Vinzi, V. E., Chin, W. W., Henseler, J., Wang, H. (2010). Handbook of Partial Least Squares: Concepts, Methods and Applications. Springer. Search in Google Scholar

Wang, C. C., Hsieh, H. H., & Wang, Y. D. (2020). Abusive supervision and employee engagement and satisfaction: the mediating role of employee silence. Personnel Review, 49(9), 1845–1858. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-04-2019-0147. Search in Google Scholar

Wang, G., Oh, I. S., Courtright, S. H., & Colbert, A. E. (2011). Transformational leadership and performance across criteria and levels: A meta -analytic review of 25 years of research. Group & Organization Management, 36(2), 223–270. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601111401017. Search in Google Scholar

Weiss, D. J., Dawis, R. V., England, G. W., & Lofquist, L. H. (1967). Manual for the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. University of Minnesota Press. Search in Google Scholar

Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in -role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17(3), 601–617. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700305. Search in Google Scholar

Wilson, H. J., & Daugherty, P. R. (2018). Collaborative intelligence: Humans and AI are joining forces. Harvard Business Review, 96(4), 114–123. Search in Google Scholar

Wright, K. B. (2005). Researching Internet -based populations: Advantages and disadvantages of online survey research, online questionnaire authoring software packages, and web survey services. Journal of Computer ‑Mediated Communication, 10(3), JCMC1034. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2005.tb00259.x Search in Google Scholar

Xu, M., David, J. M., & Kim, S. H. (2018). The fourth industrial revolution: Opportunities and challenges. International Journal of Financial Research, 9(2), 13194–13194. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v9n2p90. Search in Google Scholar

Yang, C., Chen, Y., Zhao, X., & Hua, N. (2020). Transformational leadership, proactive personality and service performance: the mediating role of organizational embeddedness. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(1), 267–287. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-03-2019-0244. Search in Google Scholar

Yang, J. T. (2007). Knowledge Sharing: Investigating Appropriate Leadership Roles and Collaborative Culture. Tourism Management, 28(2), 530–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tour-man.2006.08.006. Search in Google Scholar

Young, H. R., Glerum, D. R., Wang, W., & Joseph, D. L. (2018). Who are the most engaged at work? A meta -analysis of personality and employee engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 39(10), 1330–1346. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2303. Search in Google Scholar

Ziegler, R., Hagen, B., & Diehl, M. (2012). Relationship between job satisfaction and job performance: Job ambivalence as a moderator. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42, 2019–2040. http://doi.org/8cw. Search in Google Scholar