Zitieren

Álvarez JA, Ruíz SR, Mosqueda JL, León X, Arreguín V, Macías AE, Macias JH. Decontamination of stethoscope membranes with chlorhexidine: should it be recommended? Am J Infect Control. 2016 Nov;44(11):e205–e209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2016.07.012 Álvarez JA Ruíz SR Mosqueda JL León X Arreguín V Macías AE Macias JH . Decontamination of stethoscope membranes with chlorhexidine: should it be recommended? Am J Infect Control. 2016 Nov ; 44 ( 11 ): e205 e209 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2016.07.012 Search in Google Scholar

Arora HS, Kamat D, Choudhry S, Asmar BI, Abdel-Haq N. Are stethoscopes, coats, and pagers potential sources of healthcare associated infections? Glob Pediatr Health. 2020 Oct;7:2333794X20969285. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X20969285 Arora HS Kamat D Choudhry S Asmar BI Abdel-Haq N . Are stethoscopes, coats, and pagers potential sources of healthcare associated infections? Glob Pediatr Health. 2020 Oct ; 7 : 2333794X20969285. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X20969285 Search in Google Scholar

Bansal A, Sarath SR, Bhan BD, Gupta K, Purwar S. To assess the stethoscope cleaning practices, microbial load and efficacy of cleaning stethoscopes with alcohol-based disinfectant in a tertiary care hospital. J Infect Prev. 2019 Jan;20(1):46–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757177418802353 Bansal A Sarath SR Bhan BD Gupta K Purwar S . To assess the stethoscope cleaning practices, microbial load and efficacy of cleaning stethoscopes with alcohol-based disinfectant in a tertiary care hospital . J Infect Prev. 2019 Jan ; 20 ( 1 ): 46 50 . https://doi.org/10.1177/1757177418802353 Search in Google Scholar

Bukharie HA, Al-Zahrani H, Rubaish AM, Abdulmohsen MF. Bacterial contamination of stethoscopes. J Family Community Med. 2004 Jan;11(1):31–33. Bukharie HA Al-Zahrani H Rubaish AM Abdulmohsen MF . Bacterial contamination of stethoscopes . J Family Community Med. 2004 Jan ; 11 ( 1 ): 31 33 . Search in Google Scholar

Bulanda M, Brzychczy-Włoch M. [Microbiology with parasitology. Script for 2nd year students of the faculty of medicine at the Jagiellonian University Medical College] (in Polish). Cracow (Poland): Krakowska Oficyna Naukowa Tekst; 2015. Bulanda M Brzychczy-Włoch M . [Microbiology with parasitology. Script for 2nd year students of the faculty of medicine at the Jagiellonian University Medical College] (in Polish) . Cracow (Poland) : Krakowska Oficyna Naukowa Tekst ; 2015 . Search in Google Scholar

Campos-Murguía A, León-Lara X, Muñoz JM, Macías AE, Alvarez JA. Stethoscopes as potential intrahospital carriers of pathogenic microorganisms. Am J Infect Control. 2014 Jan;42(1):82–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2013.06.015 Campos-Murguía A León-Lara X Muñoz JM Macías AE Alvarez JA . Stethoscopes as potential intrahospital carriers of pathogenic microorganisms . Am J Infect Control. 2014 Jan ; 42 ( 1 ): 82 83 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2013.06.015 Search in Google Scholar

CDC, FDA. Immediate need for healthcare facilities to review procedures for cleaning, disinfecting, and sterilizing reusable medical devices [Internet]. HAN 2015;382 [cited 2019 Jan 12]. Available from https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/34153 CDC, FDA . Immediate need for healthcare facilities to review procedures for cleaning, disinfecting, and sterilizing reusable medical devices [Internet] . HAN 2015 ; 382 [cited 2019 Jan 12]. Available from https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/34153 Search in Google Scholar

Choi SM, Kim SH, Kim HJ, Lee DG, Choi JH, Yoo JH, Kang JH, Shin WS, Kang MW. Multiplex PCR for the detection of genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzymes and methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus species. J Korean Med Sci. 2003 Oct; 18(5):631–636. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2003.18.5.631 Choi SM Kim SH Kim HJ Lee DG Choi JH Yoo JH Kang JH Shin WS Kang MW . Multiplex PCR for the detection of genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzymes and methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus species . J Korean Med Sci. 2003 Oct ; 18 ( 5 ): 631 636 . https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2003.18.5.631 Search in Google Scholar

Crespo MP, Woodford N, Sinclair A, Kaufmann ME, Turton J, Glover J, Velez JD, Castañeda CR, Recalde M, Livermore DM. Outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing VIM-8, a novel metallo-beta-lactamase, in a tertiary care center in Cali, Colombia. J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Nov;42(11):5094–5101. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.42.11.5094-5101.2004 Crespo MP Woodford N Sinclair A Kaufmann ME Turton J Glover J Velez JD Castañeda CR Recalde M Livermore DM . Outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing VIM-8, a novel metallo-beta-lactamase, in a tertiary care center in Cali, Colombia . J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Nov ; 42 ( 11 ): 5094 5101 . https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.42.11.5094-5101.2004 Search in Google Scholar

Datta P, Kaur M, Rawat S, Gupta V, Chander J. Stethoscope, “the friendly foe” – a study to evaluate bacterial contamination of stethoscopes and disinfection practices. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2018 Oct; 12(10):887–893. https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.10128 Datta P Kaur M Rawat S Gupta V Chander J . Stethoscope, “the friendly foe” – a study to evaluate bacterial contamination of stethoscopes and disinfection practices . J Infect Dev Ctries. 2018 Oct ; 12 ( 10 ): 887 893 . https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.10128 Search in Google Scholar

Drakulovic MB, Bauer TT, Torres A, Gonzalez J, Rodríguez MJ, Angrill J. Initial bacterial colonization in patients admitted to a respiratory intensive care unit: bacteriological pattern and risk factors. Respiration. 2001;68(1):58–66. https://doi.org/10.1159/000050464 Drakulovic MB Bauer TT Torres A Gonzalez J Rodríguez MJ Angrill J . Initial bacterial colonization in patients admitted to a respiratory intensive care unit: bacteriological pattern and risk factors . Respiration. 2001 ; 68 ( 1 ): 58 66 . https://doi.org/10.1159/000050464 Search in Google Scholar

Dutra LGB, Neto HBN, Nedel FB, Lobo EA. [Prevalence of bacteria contamination on stethoscopes] (in Portuguese). Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz. 2013;72(2):155–160. Dutra LGB Neto HBN Nedel FB Lobo EA . [Prevalence of bacteria contamination on stethoscopes] (in Portuguese) . Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz. 2013 ; 72 ( 2 ): 155 160 . Search in Google Scholar

EUCAST. EUCAST guideline for the detection of resistance mechanisms and specific resistances of clinical and/or epidemiological importance. Version 2.0. Basel (Switzerland): The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; 2017 [cited 2019 Jan 12]. Available from https://www.eucast.org/resistance_mechanisms EUCAST . EUCAST guideline for the detection of resistance mechanisms and specific resistances of clinical and/or epidemiological importance. Version 2.0 . Basel (Switzerland) : The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ; 2017 [cited 2019 Jan 12]. Available from https://www.eucast.org/resistance_mechanisms Search in Google Scholar

EUCAST. The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 8.0. Basel (Switzerland): The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; 2018. EUCAST . The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 8.0 . Basel (Switzerland) : The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ; 2018 . Search in Google Scholar

Fafliora E, Bampalis VG, Lazarou N, Mantzouranis G, Anastassiou ED, Spiliopoulou I, Christofidou M. Bacterial contamination of medical devices in a Greek emergency department: impact of physicians’ cleaning habits. Am J Infect Control. 2014 Jul;42(7):807–809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2014.03.017 Fafliora E Bampalis VG Lazarou N Mantzouranis G Anastassiou ED Spiliopoulou I Christofidou M . Bacterial contamination of medical devices in a Greek emergency department: impact of physicians’ cleaning habits . Am J Infect Control. 2014 Jul ; 42 ( 7 ): 807 809 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2014.03.017 Search in Google Scholar

Fenelon L, Holcroft L, Waters N. Contamination of stethoscopes with MRSA and current disinfection practices. J Hosp Infect. 2009 Apr;71(4):376–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2008.11.009 Fenelon L Holcroft L Waters N . Contamination of stethoscopes with MRSA and current disinfection practices . J Hosp Infect. 2009 Apr ; 71 ( 4 ): 376 378 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2008.11.009 Search in Google Scholar

Gaisser DJ, Lowey SE, Barbel P. An examination and comparison of stethoscope hygiene in nursing education programs. J Nurs Educ. 2021 May;60(5):277–280. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20210420-07 Gaisser DJ Lowey SE Barbel P . An examination and comparison of stethoscope hygiene in nursing education programs . J Nurs Educ. 2021 May ; 60 ( 5 ): 277 280 . https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20210420-07 Search in Google Scholar

Gazibara T, Radovanovic S, Maric G, Rancic B, Kisic-Tepavcevic D, Pekmezovic T. Stethoscope hygiene: practice and attitude of medical students. Med Princ Pract. 2015;24(6):509–514. https://doi.org/10.1159/000434753 Gazibara T Radovanovic S Maric G Rancic B Kisic-Tepavcevic D Pekmezovic T . Stethoscope hygiene: practice and attitude of medical students . Med Princ Pract. 2015 ; 24 ( 6 ): 509 514 . https://doi.org/10.1159/000434753 Search in Google Scholar

Grandiere-Perez L, Bovet J, Beaudron A, Saulnier P, Blanchi S, Delemotte M, Ramanantsoa C. Efficacy of an ethanol-based hand sanitizer for disinfection of stethoscopes. J Hosp Infect. 2015 Oct; 91(2):183–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2015.05.018 Grandiere-Perez L Bovet J Beaudron A Saulnier P Blanchi S Delemotte M Ramanantsoa C . Efficacy of an ethanol-based hand sanitizer for disinfection of stethoscopes . J Hosp Infect. 2015 Oct ; 91 ( 2 ): 183 184 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2015.05.018 Search in Google Scholar

Haddad F, Bousselmi J, Mrabet A, Ben Fadhel K. Are our stethoscopes contaminated? Tunis Med. 2019 Nov;97(11):1224–1228. Haddad F Bousselmi J Mrabet A Ben Fadhel K . Are our stethoscopes contaminated? Tunis Med. 2019 Nov ; 97 ( 11 ): 1224 1228 . Search in Google Scholar

Johani K, Abualsaud D, Costa DM, Hu H, Whiteley G, Deva A, Vickery K. Characterization of microbial community composition, antimicrobial resistance and biofilm on intensive care surfaces. J Infect Public Health. 2018 May–Jun;11(3):418–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2017.10.005 Johani K Abualsaud D Costa DM Hu H Whiteley G Deva A Vickery K . Characterization of microbial community composition, antimicrobial resistance and biofilm on intensive care surfaces . J Infect Public Health. 2018 May–Jun ; 11 ( 3 ): 418 424 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2017.10.005 Search in Google Scholar

Kalra S, Amin A, Albert N, Cadwell C, Edmonson C, Gaynes R, Hand M, Marinella M, Morely C, Sieck S, et al. Stethoscope hygiene: A call to action. Recommendations to update the CDC guidelines. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2021 Jun;42(6):740–742. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2021.115 Kalra S Amin A Albert N Cadwell C Edmonson C Gaynes R Hand M Marinella M Morely C Sieck S Stethoscope hygiene: A call to action. Recommendations to update the CDC guidelines . Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2021 Jun ; 42 ( 6 ): 740 742 . https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2021.115 Search in Google Scholar

Kawalec A, Kawalec A, Pawlas K. [Compliance with hygiene procedures among medical faculty students] (in Polish). Med Pr. 2014; 65(5):593–599. https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.00059 Kawalec A Kawalec A Pawlas K . [Compliance with hygiene procedures among medical faculty students] (in Polish) . Med Pr. 2014 ; 65 ( 5 ): 593 599 . https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.00059 Search in Google Scholar

Knecht VR, McGinniss JE, Shankar HM, Clarke EL, Kelly BJ, Imai I, Fitzgerald AS, Bittinger K, Bushman FD, Collman RG. Molecular analysis of bacterial contamination on stethoscopes in an intensive care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019 Feb; 40(2):171–177. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2018.319 Knecht VR McGinniss JE Shankar HM Clarke EL Kelly BJ Imai I Fitzgerald AS Bittinger K Bushman FD Collman RG . Molecular analysis of bacterial contamination on stethoscopes in an intensive care unit . Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019 Feb ; 40 ( 2 ): 171 177 . https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2018.319 Search in Google Scholar

Laupland KB, Pasquill K, Parfitt EC, Steele L. Bloodstream infection due to β-hemolytic streptococci: a population-based comparative analysis. Infection. 2019 Dec;47(6):1021–1025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-019-01356-9 Laupland KB Pasquill K Parfitt EC Steele L . Bloodstream infection due to β-hemolytic streptococci: a population-based comparative analysis . Infection. 2019 Dec ; 47 ( 6 ): 1021 1025 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-019-01356-9 Search in Google Scholar

Lee R, Choi SM, Jo SJ, Han S, Park YJ, Choi MA, Kong BK. A quasi-experimental study on stethoscopes contamination with multidrug-resistant bacteria: its role as a vehicle of transmission. PLoS One. 2021 Apr;16(4):e0250455. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250455 Lee R Choi SM Jo SJ Han S Park YJ Choi MA Kong BK . A quasi-experimental study on stethoscopes contamination with multidrug-resistant bacteria: its role as a vehicle of transmission . PLoS One. 2021 Apr ; 16 ( 4 ): e0250455 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250455 Search in Google Scholar

Likert R. A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Arch Psychol. 1932 Jun;22(140):3–55. Likert R . A technique for the measurement of attitudes . Arch Psychol. 1932 Jun ; 22 ( 140 ): 3 55 . Search in Google Scholar

Martín Guerra JM, Martín Asenjo M, Rodríguez Martín C. Bacteraemia by Micrococcus luteus in an inmunocompromised patient. Med Clin. 2019 Jun 7;152(11):469–470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcle.2019.04.008 Martín Guerra JM Martín Asenjo M Rodríguez Martín C . Bacteraemia by Micrococcus luteus in an inmunocompromised patient . Med Clin. 2019 Jun 7 ; 152 ( 11 ): 469 470 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcle.2019.04.008 Search in Google Scholar

Messina G, Spataro G, Rosadini D, Burgassi S, Mariani L, Tani M, Cevenini G. A novel approach to stethoscope hygiene: a coat-pocket innovation. Infect Dis Health. 2018 Jul;23(4):211–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2018.06.002 Messina G Spataro G Rosadini D Burgassi S Mariani L Tani M Cevenini G . A novel approach to stethoscope hygiene: a coat-pocket innovation . Infect Dis Health. 2018 Jul ; 23 ( 4 ): 211 216 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2018.06.002 Search in Google Scholar

Millán-Lou MI, López C, Bueno J, Pérez-Laguna V, Lapresta C, Fuertes ME, Rite S, Santiago M, Romo M, Samper S, et al. Successful control of Serratia marcescens outbreak in a neonatal unit of a tertiary-care hospital in Spain. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed). 2022 May;40(5):248–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2021.05.014 Millán-Lou MI López C Bueno J Pérez-Laguna V Lapresta C Fuertes ME Rite S Santiago M Romo M Samper S Successful control of Serratia marcescens outbreak in a neonatal unit of a tertiary-care hospital in Spain . Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed). 2022 May ; 40 ( 5 ): 248 254 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2021.05.014 Search in Google Scholar

Murchan S, Kaufmann ME, Deplano A, de Ryck R, Struelens M, Zinn CE, Fussing V, Salmenlinna S, Vuopio-Varkila J, El Solh N, et al. Harmonization of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocols for epidemiological typing of strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a single approach developed by consensus in 10 European laboratories and its application for tracing the spread of related strains. J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Apr;41(4):1574–1585. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.4.1574-1585.2003 Murchan S Kaufmann ME Deplano A de Ryck R Struelens M Zinn CE Fussing V Salmenlinna S Vuopio-Varkila J El Solh N Harmonization of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocols for epidemiological typing of strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a single approach developed by consensus in 10 European laboratories and its application for tracing the spread of related strains . J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Apr ; 41 ( 4 ): 1574 1585 . https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.4.1574-1585.2003 Search in Google Scholar

Napolitani M, Bezzini D, Moirano F, Bedogni C, Messina G. Methods of disinfecting stethoscopes: systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar;17(6):1856. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061856 Napolitani M Bezzini D Moirano F Bedogni C Messina G . Methods of disinfecting stethoscopes: systematic review . Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar ; 17 ( 6 ): 1856 . https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061856 Search in Google Scholar

Neff A, Chok L, von Both U, Matt U, Tarnutzer A, Andreoni F, van der Linden M, Plock JA, Bühler PK, Brugger SD, et al. Characterisation of clinical manifestations and treatment strategies for invasive beta-haemolytic streptococcal infections in a Swiss tertiary hospital. Swiss Med Wkly. 2020 Dec;150:w20378. https://doi.org/10.4414/smw.2020.20378 Neff A Chok L von Both U Matt U Tarnutzer A Andreoni F van der Linden M Plock JA Bühler PK Brugger SD Characterisation of clinical manifestations and treatment strategies for invasive beta-haemolytic streptococcal infections in a Swiss tertiary hospital . Swiss Med Wkly. 2020 Dec ; 150 : w20378 . https://doi.org/10.4414/smw.2020.20378 Search in Google Scholar

Parmar RC, Valvi CC, Sira P, Kamat JR. A prospective, randomised, double-blind study of comparative efficacy of immediate versus daily cleaning of stethoscope using 66% ethyl alcohol. Indian J Med Sci. 2004 Oct;58(10):423–430. Parmar RC Valvi CC Sira P Kamat JR . A prospective, randomised, double-blind study of comparative efficacy of immediate versus daily cleaning of stethoscope using 66% ethyl alcohol . Indian J Med Sci. 2004 Oct ; 58 ( 10 ): 423 430 . Search in Google Scholar

Peacock WF, Chemaly RF, Torriani F, Shahid Z, Dawal S. A new normal for the clinician’s third hand: stethoscope hygiene and infection prevention. Am J Infect Control. 2023 Jan;51(1):114–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2022.10.005 Peacock WF Chemaly RF Torriani F Shahid Z Dawal S . A new normal for the clinician’s third hand: stethoscope hygiene and infection prevention . Am J Infect Control. 2023 Jan ; 51 ( 1 ): 114 118 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2022.10.005 Search in Google Scholar

Pittet D. Improving adherence to hand hygiene practice: a multidisciplinary approach. Emerg Infect Dis. 2001 Mar–Apr;7(2):234–240. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0702.010217 Pittet D . Improving adherence to hand hygiene practice: a multidisciplinary approach . Emerg Infect Dis. 2001 Mar–Apr ; 7 ( 2 ): 234 240 . https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0702.010217 Search in Google Scholar

Queiroz Júnior JRA, Melo IO, Calado GHDS, Cavalcanti LRC, Sobrinho CRW. Identification and resistance profile of bacteria isolated on stethoscopes by health care professionals: systematic review. Am J Infect Control. 2021 Feb;49(2):229–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.07.007 Queiroz Júnior JRA Melo IO Calado GHDS Cavalcanti LRC Sobrinho CRW . Identification and resistance profile of bacteria isolated on stethoscopes by health care professionals: systematic review . Am J Infect Control. 2021 Feb ; 49 ( 2 ): 229 237 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.07.007 Search in Google Scholar

Raksha GS, Urhekar AD, Arif D, Nissar J. Stethoscopes: a vector of hospital acquired infections? Int J Univ Pharm Bio Sci. 2014 Mar-Apr; 3:176–185. Raksha GS Urhekar AD Arif D Nissar J . Stethoscopes: a vector of hospital acquired infections? Int J Univ Pharm Bio Sci. 2014 Mar-Apr ; 3 : 176 185 . Search in Google Scholar

Sahiledengle B. Stethoscope disinfection is rarely done in Ethiopia: what are the associated factors? PLoS One. 2019 Jun;14(6):e0208365. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208365 Sahiledengle B . Stethoscope disinfection is rarely done in Ethiopia: what are the associated factors? PLoS One. 2019 Jun ; 14 ( 6 ): e0208365 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208365 Search in Google Scholar

Saunders C, Hryhorskyj L, Skinner J. Factors influencing stethoscope cleanliness among clinical medical students. J Hosp Infect. 2013 Jul;84(3):242–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2013.04.003 Saunders C Hryhorskyj L Skinner J . Factors influencing stethoscope cleanliness among clinical medical students . J Hosp Infect. 2013 Jul ; 84 ( 3 ): 242 244 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2013.04.003 Search in Google Scholar

Steward CD, Raney PM, Morrell AK, Williams PP, McDougal LK, Jevitt L, McGowan JE Jr, Tenover FC. Testing for induction of clindamycin resistance in erythromycin-resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Apr;43(4):1716–1721. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.43.4.1716-1721.2005 Steward CD Raney PM Morrell AK Williams PP McDougal LK Jevitt L McGowan JE Jr Tenover FC . Testing for induction of clindamycin resistance in erythromycin-resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus . J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Apr ; 43 ( 4 ): 1716 1721 . https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.43.4.1716-1721.2005 Search in Google Scholar

Thapa S, Sapkota LB. Bacteriological assessment of stethoscopes used by healthcare workers in a tertiary care centre of Nepal. BMC Res Notes. 2017 Jul;10(1):353. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-2677-7 Thapa S Sapkota LB . Bacteriological assessment of stethoscopes used by healthcare workers in a tertiary care centre of Nepal . BMC Res Notes. 2017 Jul ; 10 ( 1 ): 353 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-2677-7 Search in Google Scholar

Torres-Ballesteros LA, Rodríguez-Sáenz AY, Mendieta-Vergara JA. Hygiene behaviors in the use of stethoscopes of students of a medicine program of the city of Tunja, Colombia. Med Lab. 2017; 23(05–06): 249–256. Torres-Ballesteros LA Rodríguez-Sáenz AY Mendieta-Vergara JA . Hygiene behaviors in the use of stethoscopes of students of a medicine program of the city of Tunja, Colombia . Med Lab. 2017 ; 23 ( 05–06 ): 249 256 . Search in Google Scholar

Tschopp C, Schneider A, Longtin Y, Renzi G, Schrenzel J, Pittet D. Predictors of heavy stethoscope contamination following a physical examination. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2016 Jun;37(6): 673–679. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2016.40 Tschopp C Schneider A Longtin Y Renzi G Schrenzel J Pittet D . Predictors of heavy stethoscope contamination following a physical examination . Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2016 Jun ; 37 ( 6 ): 673 679 . https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2016.40 Search in Google Scholar

Uneke CJ, Ogbonna A, Oyibo PG, Ekuma U. Bacteriological assessment of stethoscopes used by medical students in Nigeria: implications for nosocomial infection control. World Health Popul. 2008;10(4):53–61. Uneke CJ Ogbonna A Oyibo PG Ekuma U . Bacteriological assessment of stethoscopes used by medical students in Nigeria: implications for nosocomial infection control . World Health Popul. 2008 ; 10 ( 4 ): 53 61 . Search in Google Scholar

Vasudevan R, Shin JH, Chopyk J, Peacock WF, Torriani FJ, Maisel AS, Pride DT. Aseptic barriers allow a clean contact for contaminated stethoscope diaphragms. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes. 2020 Feb;4(1):21–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2019.10.010 Vasudevan R Shin JH Chopyk J Peacock WF Torriani FJ Maisel AS Pride DT . Aseptic barriers allow a clean contact for contaminated stethoscope diaphragms . Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes. 2020 Feb ; 4 ( 1 ): 21 30 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2019.10.010 Search in Google Scholar

Vasudevan RS, Mojaver S, Chang KW, Maisel AS, Frank Peacock W, Chowdhury P. Observation of stethoscope sanitation practices in an emergency department setting. Am J Infect Control. 2019 Mar;47(3):234–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2018.08.028 Vasudevan RS Mojaver S Chang KW Maisel AS Frank Peacock W Chowdhury P . Observation of stethoscope sanitation practices in an emergency department setting . Am J Infect Control. 2019 Mar ; 47 ( 3 ): 234 237 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2018.08.028 Search in Google Scholar

Whittington AM, Whitlow G, Hewson D, Thomas C, Brett SJ. Bacterial contamination of stethoscopes on the intensive care unit. Anaesthesia. 2009 Jun;64(6):620-624. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2009.05892.x Whittington AM Whitlow G Hewson D Thomas C Brett SJ . Bacterial contamination of stethoscopes on the intensive care unit . Anaesthesia. 2009 Jun ; 64 ( 6 ): 620 - 624 . https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2009.05892.x Search in Google Scholar

WHO. Practical guidelines for infection control in health care facilities [Internet]. Manila (Philippines): WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific; 2004 [cited 2019 Jan 12]. Available from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/206946 WHO . Practical guidelines for infection control in health care facilities [Internet] . Manila (Philippines) : WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific ; 2004 [cited 2019 Jan 12]. Available from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/206946 Search in Google Scholar

Zhu M, Zhu Q, Yang Z, Liang Z. Clinical characteristics of patients with Micrococcus luteus bloodstream infection in a Chinese tertiary-care hospital. Pol J Microbiol. 2021 Sep;70(3):321–326. https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2021-030 Zhu M Zhu Q Yang Z Liang Z . Clinical characteristics of patients with Micrococcus luteus bloodstream infection in a Chinese tertiary-care hospital . Pol J Microbiol. 2021 Sep ; 70 ( 3 ): 321 326 . https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2021-030 Search in Google Scholar

eISSN:
2544-4646
Sprache:
Englisch
Zeitrahmen der Veröffentlichung:
4 Hefte pro Jahr
Fachgebiete der Zeitschrift:
Biologie, Mikrobiologie und Virologie