Answers given on a Likert Scale | Correlation’ indicators | How often you clean your stethoscope? | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
year | 3rd | 4th | 5rd | Total | |
Cleaning agents for stethoscopes are widely accessible during clinical classes | 0.21 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.16 | |
0.321 | 0.724 | 0.786 | 0.197 | ||
I would disinfect my stethoscope more often if the cleaning agents more accessible | 0.34 | 0.06 | −0.23 | 0.12 | |
0.095 | 0.778 | 0.454 | 0.33 | ||
I would disinfect my stethoscope more often if the supervisors put more emphasis on that issue | 0.01 | −0.18 | 0.24 | 0.01 | |
0.953 | 0.355 | 0.430 | 0.986 | ||
It is important for me to be sure that my stethoscope is clean | 0.41 | 0.49 | 0.26 | 0.36 | |
0.041 | 0.008 | 0.390 | 0.003 | ||
It is important for me to keep my hands clean | a | 0.24 | −0.24 | 0.06 | |
0.210 | 0.436 | 0.637 | |||
A stethoscope may be a vector for microorganisms | 0.35 | 0.05 | −0.09 | 0.18 | |
0.084 | 0.814 | 0.776 | 0.159 | ||
Disinfectants can cause damage to the stethoscope | 0.03 | 0.24 | −0.06 | 0.04 | |
0.878 | 0.226 | 0.846 | 0.733 | ||
I see my colleagues disinfecting their stethoscopes regularly | 0.50 | 0.38 | −0.06 | 0.40 | |
0.012 | 0.046 | 0.854 | < 0.001 |
Questions | Year of study | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3rd (n = 25) | 4th (n = 28) | 5th (n = 13) | ||||||||||||
Average rank | Me | Q1-Q3 | Min-Max | Average rank | Me | Q1-Q3 | Min-Max | Average rank | Me | Q1-Q3 | Min-Max | H(2) | ||
Cleaning agents for stethoscopes are widely accessible during clinical classes | 35.50 | 2 | 1–4 | 1–5 | 34.30 | 2.5 | 1–3 | 1–5 | 27.92 | 2 | 1–2.5 | 1–4 | 1.53 | 0.466 |
I would disinfect my stethoscope more often if the cleaning agents were more accessible | 33.98 | 4 | 3–5 | 1–5 | 31.34 | 4 | 3–5 | 1–5 | 37.23 | 4 | 4–5 | 3–5 | 0.95 | 0.622 |
I would disinfect my stethoscope more often if the supervisors put more emphasis on that issue | 31.04 | 4 | 3–5 | 1–5 | 34.79 | 4.5 | 3.25–5 | 1–5 | 35.46 | 4 | 4–5 | 2–5 | 0.77 | 0.682 |
It is important for me to be sure that my stethoscope is clean | 38.00 | 5 | 4–5 | 1–5 | 29.54 | 4 | 3–5 | 1–5 | 33.38 | 4 | 3.5–5 | 1–5 | 2.97 | 0.227 |
It is important for me to keep my hands clean | 35.00 | 5 | 5–5 | 5–5 | 32.66 | 5 | 5–5 | 1–5 | 32.42 | 5 | 5–5 | 1–5 | 1.9 | 0.387 |
Stethoscope may be a vector for microorganisms | 31.70 | 5 | 4.5–5 | 4–5 | 34.64 | 5 | 5–5 | 1–5 | 34.50 | 5 | 5–5 | 4–5 | 0.79 | 0.673 |
Disinfectants can cause damage to the stethoscope | 27.66 | 3 | 2–4 | 1–5 | 33.89 | 3 |
2.25–4 | 1–5 | 43.88 | 4 |
3–5 | 3–5 | 6.58 | 0.037 |
I see my colleagues disinfecting their stethoscopes regularly | 34.50 | 2 | 1–3 | 1–4 | 37.00 | 2 | 1.25–4 | 1–5 | 24.04 | 2 | 1–2 | 1–3 | 4.48 | 0.107 |
Question | Answers | Year of study | Statistical parameters | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3rd | 4th | 5th | total | |||||||||
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | χ2 | ||||
How often do you clean your stethoscope? | Never | 1 | 4.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 1.5% | 14.97 | 12 | 0.317 |
Once a year | 3 | 12.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 3 | 4.5% | ||||
Once a month | 2 | 8.0% | 2 | 7.1% | 4 | 30.8% | 8 | 12.1% | ||||
Once a week | 3 | 12.0% | 3 | 10.7% | 2 | 15.4% | 8 | 12.1% | ||||
Once a day | 4 | 16.0% | 3 | 10.7% | 2 | 15.4% | 9 | 13.6% | ||||
Several times a day | 4 | 16.0% | 10 | 35.7% | 3 | 23.1% | 17 | 25.8% | ||||
After each examination | 8 | 32.0% | 10 | 35.7% | 2 | 15.4% | 20 | 30.3% | ||||
Total | 25 | 100.0% | 28 | 100.0% | 13 | 100.0% | 66 | 100.0% | ||||
Which part of the stethoscope has been cleaned? | Membrane | 15 | 62.5% | 20 | 71.4% | 8 | 61.5% | 43 | 66.2% | 0.62 | 2 | 0.744 |
Bell | 15 | 62.5% | 19 | 67.9% | 6 | 46.2% | 40 | 61.5% | 1.78 | 2 | 0.432 | |
Flexible tubing | 4 | 16.7% | 8 | 28.6% | 3 | 23.1% | 15 | 23.1% | 1.03 | 2 | 0.554 | |
Metal tubing | 3 | 12.5% | 1 | 3.6% | 1 | 7.7% | 5 | 7.7% | 1.45 | 2 | 0.510 | |
Olives | 3 | 12.5% | 2 | 7.1% | 1 | 7.7% | 6 | 9.2% | 0.49 | 2 | 0.858 | |
Which chemical disinfectant do you use to clean the stethoscope? | Alcohol swabs | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 15.4% | 2 | 3.1% | 11.66 | 4 | 0.022 |
Hand disinfectant | 22 | 91.7% | 28 | 100.0% | 11 | 84.6% | 61 | 93.8% | ||||
Special agent dedicated for medical appliances | 2 | 8.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 3.1% | ||||
Total | 24 | 100.0% | 28 | 100.0% | 13 | 100.0% | 65 | 100.0% | ||||
Who does use your stethoscope? | Only me | 7 | 30.4% | 15 | 55.6% | 5 | 41.7% | 27 | 43.5% | 6.51 | 8 | 0.538 |
A colleague at every class | 1 | 4.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 1.6% | ||||
Often a colleague | 1 | 4.3% | 2 | 7.4% | 1 | 8.3% | 4 | 6.5% | ||||
Rarely a colleague | 13 | 56.5% | 10 | 37.0% | 6 | 50.0% | 29 | 46.8% | ||||
Other | 1 | 4.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 1.6% | ||||
Total | 23 | 100.0% | 27 | 100.0% | 12 | 100.0% | 62 | 100.0% | ||||
Did someone show you the proper stethoscope cleaning technique? | Yes | 5 | 20.0% | 6 | 21.4% | 3 | 25.0% | 14 | 21.5% | 2.11 | 4 | 0.704 |
No, but I was looking for such information on my own | 5 | 20.0% | 2 | 7.1% | 2 | 16.7% | 9 | 13.8% | ||||
No, and I was not interested | 15 | 60.0% | 20 | 71.4% | 7 | 58.3% | 42 | 64.6% | ||||
Total | 25 | 100.0% | 28 | 100.0% | 12 | 100.0% | 65 | 100.0% | ||||
Which source did you use to learn about correct technique of stethoscope cleaning? | During clinical classes | 8 | 57.1% | 6 | 50.0% | 1 | 16.7% | 15 | 46.9% | 8.56 | 8 | 0.403 |
Internet | 2 | 14.3% | 1 | 8.3% | 1 | 16.7% | 4 | 12.5% | ||||
Colleagues’ | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 8.3% | 2 | 33.3% | 3 | 9.4% | ||||
Clinical practices |
4 | 28.6% | 3 | 25.0% | 2 | 33.3% | 9 | 28.1% | ||||
Other | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 8.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 3.1% | ||||
Total | 14 | 100.0% | 12 | 100.0% | 6 | 100.0% | 32 | 100.0% | ||||
Would you like to know more about stethoscope hygiene? | Yes | 14 | 56.0% | 14 | 50.0% | 9 | 69.2% | 37 | 56.1% | 2.18 | 4 | 0.644 |
No | 1 | 4.0% | 1 | 3.6% | 1 | 7.7% | 3 | 4.5% | ||||
I didn’t think about it | 10 | 40.0% | 13 | 46.4% | 3 | 23.1% | 26 | 39.4% | ||||
Total | 25 | 100.0% | 28 | 100.0% | 13 | 100.0% | 66 | 100.0% | ||||
Did someone show you the proper hand hygiene? | Yes, during clinical classes | 23 | 92.0% | 25 | 89.3% | 12 | 100.0% | 60 | 92.3% | 1.53 | 4 | 1.000 |
Yes, outside the university | 1 | 4.0% | 1 | 3.6% | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 3.1% | ||||
No, but I was looking for such information myself | 1 | 4.0% | 2 | 7.1% | 0 | 0.0% | 3 | 4.6% | ||||
Total | 25 | 100.0% | 28 | 100.0% | 12 | 100.0% | 65 | 100.0% | ||||
How often do you disinfect your hands? | After each patient | 23 | 92.0% | 27 | 96.4% | 13 | 100.0% | 63 | 95.5% | 4.70 | 4 | 0.329 |
Several times a day | 2 | 8.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 3.0% | ||||
Once a day | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 3.6% | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 1.5% | ||||
Total | 25 | 100.0% | 28 | 100.0% | 13 | 100.0% | 66 | 100.0% |