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Optimization and Mechanism of Ca2+ Biosorption by Virgibacillus pantothenticus Isolated from Gelatine Wastewater

Haiwei Ren

Haiwei Ren

  • School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou, P. R. China
  • China Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center of Low-carbon Urbanization Technologies of Gansu and MOELanzhou, P. R. China
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Ren, Haiwei
, 
Yumeng Xiang

Yumeng Xiang

School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou, P. R. China
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Xiang, Yumeng
, 
Aili Zhang

Aili Zhang

School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou, P. R. China
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Zhang, Aili
, 
Hongyuan Zhao

Hongyuan Zhao

School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou, P. R. China
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Zhao, Hongyuan
, 
Hui Tian

Hui Tian

  • School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou, P. R. China
  • China Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center of Low-carbon Urbanization Technologies of Gansu and MOELanzhou, P. R. China
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Tian, Hui
, 
Xiaopeng Guo

Xiaopeng Guo

School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou, P. R. China
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Guo, Xiaopeng
, 
Yi Zheng

Yi Zheng

Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State UniversityUnited States
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Zheng, Yi
 and 
Bingyun Zhang

Bingyun Zhang

School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou, P. R. China
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Zhang, Bingyun
  
Mar 26, 2025
Optimization and Mechanism of Ca2+ Biosorption by Virgibacillus pantothenticus Isolated from Gelatine Wastewater's Cover Image
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Article Category: ORIGINAL PAPER
Published Online: Mar 26, 2025
Page range: 19 - 32
Received: Oct 06, 2024
Accepted: Nov 24, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2025-002
Keywords
© 2025 Haiwei Ren et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig 1.

Phylogenetic tree of strain N3-4 based on 16S rRNA sequence.
Phylogenetic tree of strain N3-4 based on 16S rRNA sequence.

Fig. 2.

Effect of different parameters on biosorption capacity a) contact time; b) initial calcium concentration; c) biomass dosage; d) temperature, e) pH. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).
Effect of different parameters on biosorption capacity a) contact time; b) initial calcium concentration; c) biomass dosage; d) temperature, e) pH. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).

Fig. 3.

The binary interactions of factors of calcium biosorption capacity by response surface and contour a) and b) contact time and initial calcium ion concentration interact to affect the contour of bacterial adsorption capacity; c) and d) Biomass dosage and initial calcium ion concentration affects contours of bacterial adsorption capacity; e) and f) Biomass dosage and contact time affects contours of bacterial adsorption capacity.
The binary interactions of factors of calcium biosorption capacity by response surface and contour a) and b) contact time and initial calcium ion concentration interact to affect the contour of bacterial adsorption capacity; c) and d) Biomass dosage and initial calcium ion concentration affects contours of bacterial adsorption capacity; e) and f) Biomass dosage and contact time affects contours of bacterial adsorption capacity.

Fig. 4.

SEM images and EDS spectra of Virgibacillus pantothenticus biomass: a) non-adsorbed biomass, b) Ca(II)-adsorbed biomass, c) EDS spectrum of non-adsorbed biomass and d) EDS spectrum of Ca(II)-adsorbed biomass.
SEM images and EDS spectra of Virgibacillus pantothenticus biomass: a) non-adsorbed biomass, b) Ca(II)-adsorbed biomass, c) EDS spectrum of non-adsorbed biomass and d) EDS spectrum of Ca(II)-adsorbed biomass.

Fig. 5.

FTIR spectra of Virgibacillus pantothenticus cells before and after calcium biosorption.
FTIR spectra of Virgibacillus pantothenticus cells before and after calcium biosorption.

Fig. 6.

Schematic diagram of the adsorption mechanism of Virgibacillus pantothenticus.
Schematic diagram of the adsorption mechanism of Virgibacillus pantothenticus.

Experimental and predicted response for calcium biosorption using Virgibacillus pantothenticus_

Run order A Initial calcium concentration B Contact time C Biomass dosage Biosorption capacity
1 150 60 1.0 540.47
2 100 60 1.5 506.53
3 100 60 1.5 507.36
4 50 60 1.0 407.77
5 100 60 1.5 517.87
6 50 40 1.5 300.87
7 50 80 1.5 432.80
8 50 60 2.0 301.13
9 150 60 2.0 451.23
10 150 40 1.5 452.42
11 100 80 1.0 520.87
12 100 60 1.5 514.87
13 100 40 2.0 314.55
14 150 80 1.5 559.02
15 100 60 1.5 529.02
16 100 80 2.0 439.98
17 100 40 1.0 417.93

ANOVA results for calcium biosorption parameters_

Source Sum of squares df Mean square F value p-value Significance
Model 1.121E + 005 9 12459.59 236.49 < 0.0001 ***
A 39379.40 1 39379.40 747.46 < 0.0001 ***
B 27332.39 1 27332.39 518.79 < 0.0001 ***
C 18064.25 1 18064.25 342.88 < 0.0001 ***
AB 151.54 1 151.54 2.88 0.1337/
AC 75.69 1 75.69 1.44 0.2697/
BC 126.45 1 126.45 2.40 0.1653/
A2 6217.97 1 6217.97 118.02 < 0.0001 ***
B2 6820.04 1 6820.04 129.45 < 0.0001 ***
C2 11189.61 1 11189.61 212.39 < 0.0001 ***
Residual 368.79 7 52.68 / / /
Lack of Fit 33.95 3 11.32 0.14 0.9340/
Pure Error 334.84 4 83.71 / / /
Cor Total 1.125E + 005 16 / / / /
R2 0.9968/ / / / /
Adj: R2 0.9928/ / / / /

Physiological and biochemical tests and sugar fermentation tests results of strain N3-4_

Physiological and biochemical characterization experiments Sugar fermentation test
Indole test + Glucose +
Citrate salt test - Fructose +
Methyl Red test + Xylose +
V-P test + Rhamnose +
Gelatin hydrolysis test + Sucrose +
Starch hydrolysis test - Arabinose +
/ / Marshmallow -
/ / Mannitol +
Language:
English
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Journal Subjects:
Life Sciences, Microbiology and Virology
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