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Characterization of Ligninolytic Bacteria and Analysis of Alkali-Lignin Biodegradation Products


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Fig. 1.

(A) Phylogenetic tree of four strains. Strains in this study were marked with a red triangle (). (B) Scanning electron micrograph of lignin-degrading bacteria; “a” – B. aryabhattai YB5, “b” – A. johnsonii LN2, “c” – A. lwoffii LN4, “d” – M. yunnanensis CL32.
(A) Phylogenetic tree of four strains. Strains in this study were marked with a red triangle (). (B) Scanning electron micrograph of lignin-degrading bacteria; “a” – B. aryabhattai YB5, “b” – A. johnsonii LN2, “c” – A. lwoffii LN4, “d” – M. yunnanensis CL32.

Fig. 2.

(A) Bubble chart about colony size on alkaline lignin medium and OD600 in the alkaline lignin liquid medium of four strains. The bubble center points indicate the OD600 values, and the bubble size indicates the colony size, but it is not an isometric diagram. (B) The degradation rate of alkaline lignin. After the bacteria were cultured in an alkaline lignin medium for three days, the alkaline lignin degradation rates of strains were calculated (the OD value determined the degradation rate).
(A) Bubble chart about colony size on alkaline lignin medium and OD600 in the alkaline lignin liquid medium of four strains. The bubble center points indicate the OD600 values, and the bubble size indicates the colony size, but it is not an isometric diagram. (B) The degradation rate of alkaline lignin. After the bacteria were cultured in an alkaline lignin medium for three days, the alkaline lignin degradation rates of strains were calculated (the OD value determined the degradation rate).

Fig. 3.

Lip (A) and Mnp (B) activity dynamic of four strains. The color band around the line indicates the standard deviation. The width indicates the level of the standard deviation value. “a, b, c” indicates that the enzyme activity in the different periods was significantly different, and the same letter indicates any significant difference. “ND” – not detected. All activity assays were obtained from triplicate experiments.
Lip (A) and Mnp (B) activity dynamic of four strains. The color band around the line indicates the standard deviation. The width indicates the level of the standard deviation value. “a, b, c” indicates that the enzyme activity in the different periods was significantly different, and the same letter indicates any significant difference. “ND” – not detected. All activity assays were obtained from triplicate experiments.

The compounds identified in three solvents extracts from the alkali lignin degraded by the bacterial strains and the control sample.

RT (min)CompoundsCKYB5LN4LN2CL32
Hexane as solvent
19.24Pentonic acid lactone*+++
22.65Hexadecanoate*++++
24.46Octadecanoate*++++
28.20Propyl hexadecanoate*++++
Dioxane as solvent
8.452-Ethoxyethanol+++++
11.672,4-Hexadienal+++++
12.83Di (ethylene glycol) vinyl ether+++++
21.92Dimethylbiphenyl+
24.071,2,3-trimethyl-4-prop-1-enylnaphthalene+
26.87Diisobutyl phthalate+
29.32Dibutyl phthalate+
Ethyl acetate as solvent
21.54Acetosyringone+++++
22.93Diisooctyl phthalate+
23.6Palmitoleic acid+
23.79Dibutyl phthalate+
25.51Cis-Vaccenic acid+

Screening and identification of bacterial isolates based on different media.

NameSpeciesAccession numberAlkaline ligninAniline blueBrilliant blue
YB5Bacillus aryabhattaiMT745877+
CL32Micrococcus yunnanensisMT745880+
LN2Acinetobacter johnsoniiMT745878++
LN4Acinetobacter lwoffiiMT745879++
eISSN:
2544-4646
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
4 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Life Sciences, Microbiology and Virology