Shear strength of compacted Chlef sand: effect of water content, fines content and others parameters

Bouri, Djamel; Krim, Abdallah; Brahim, Abdelkader; Arab, Ahmed

Open Access

Shear strength of compacted Chlef sand: effect of water content, fines content and others parameters

,

,

and

Mar 19, 2020

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

Volume 42 (2020): Issue 1 (April 2020)

About this article

Cite

Share

Download Cover

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Mar 19, 2020

Page range: 18 - 35

Received: Dec 24, 2018

Accepted: Aug 27, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2019-0027

Keywords
fines content, water content, direct shear test, friction angle, cohesion

© 2020 Djamel Bouri et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Grain size distribution curves of tested materials: (a) Sand and silt, (b) Sand-silt mixtures.

Materials used in this study: (a) fines content, (b) clean sand, (c) samples prepared by dry deposition sand-silt mixtures.

Samples prepared by wet deposition: (a) clean sand, (b) sand-silt mixtures.

Effect of fines content on the mechanical behaviour of sand-silt mixtures (RD = 65%, σn = 100 kPa): (a) variation of the shear strength versus horizontal displacement, (b) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacement.

Effect of fines content on the mechanical behaviour of sand-silt mixtures (RD = 65%, σn = 200 kPa): (a) variation of the shear strength versus horizontal displacement, (b) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacement.

Effect of fines content on the mechanical behaviour of sand-silt mixtures (RD = 65%, σn = 400 kPa): (a) variation of the shear strength versus horizontal displacement, (b) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacement.

Effect of fines content on the mechanical behaviour of sand-silt mixtures (RD = 80%, σn = 100 kPa): (a) variation of the shear strength versus horizontal displacement, (b) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacement.

Effect of fines content on the mechanical behaviour of sand-silt mixtures (RD = 80%, σn = 200 kPa): (a) variation of the shear strength versus horizontal displacement, (b) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacemen.

Effect of fines content on the mechanical behaviour of sand-silt mixtures (RD = 80%, σn = 400 kPa): (a) variation of the shear strength versus horizontal displacement, (b) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacement.

Effect of fines content on the mechanical behaviour of sand: Maximum shear stress versus normal stress.

Effect the fines content on the mechanical characteristics of (clean) sand, (a) cohesion versus fines content, (b) friction angle versus fines content.

Effect of water content on the mechanical behaviour of clean sand (RD = 65%, σn = 200 kPa): (a) variation of the shear strength versus horizontal displacement, (b) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacement.

Effect of water content on the mechanical behaviour of clean sand (RD = 80%, σn = 200 kPa): (a) variation of the shear strength versus horizontal displacement, (b) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacement.

Effect of water content on the mechanical behaviour of clean sand: Maximum shear stress versus normal stress.

Effect of water content on the friction angle versus water content of clean sand.

Effect of water content on the mechanical behaviour of clean sand: (a) RD = 65%, (b) RD = 80%.

Effect of fines content on the mechanical behaviour of sand-silt mixtures (RD = 65%, σn = 400 kPa): (a) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacement (w = 3%), (b) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacement (w = 0%)

Effect of fines content on the mechanical behaviour of sand-silt mixtures (RD = 80%, σn = 400 kPa): (a) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacement (w = 3%), (b) variation of vertical displacement versus horizontal displacement (w = 0%)

Effect of fines content on the mechanical behaviour of sand-silt mixtures: Maximum shear stress versus normal stress (w = 3%).

Effect of depositional method on the mechanical behaviour of clean sand: (a) RD = 65%, (b) RD = 80%.

Effect of the depositional method on the mechanical behaviour of clean sand: (a) variation of the shear strength versus horizontal displacement (RD = 65%), (b) variation of the shear strength versus horizontal displacement (RD = 80%).

Chemical analysis of tested materials [3]_

Composition (%)	Chlef sand	Chlef silt
Fire loss	14.34	10.85
Total Silica (SiO₂)	55.89	48.95
Alumina (Al₂O₃)	5.58	34.08
Oxide of iron (Fe₂O₃)	7.58	1.43
Oxide of titane (TiO₂)	0.00	0.00
Lime (CaO)	15.42	0.20
Magnesia (MgO).	0.00	0.42
Potash (K₂O)	Traces	2.26
Oxide of sodium (Na₂O)	Traces	0.06
Sulfates SO₄	0.28	0.00
Chlorides CL-Solubles in water	0.14	0.00
Carbonates CaCO₃	24.60	0.00
Insolubles	0.53	0.00
Organic materials	0.00	0.00

Coefficients A, B and R2 for equation (3) (RD = 80%)_

s_n (kPa)	Preparation method	A	B	R²
100	Air pluviation (AP)	−0.351	93.826	0.97
200		−1.325	213.47	0.98
400		−2.366	377.46	0.99
100	Moist tamping (MT)	−0.106	74.932	0.88
200		−0.214	160.2	0.98
400		−0.860	304.74	0.91

Coefficients A, B and R2 for equation (2)_

s_n (kPa)	RD (%)	A	B	R²
100	65	−5.221	88.869	0.94
200		−12.52	183.33	0.90
400		−20.73	345.97	0.89
100	80	−6.83	94.153	0.98
200		−15.94	203.42	0.87
400		−25.48	370.26	0.90

Cohesion and friction angle for test result_

Material	w (%)	RD (%)	j (°)
Clean sand	0	65	41.67
	0	85	44.13
	1	65	38.66
	1	80	39.69
	2	65	36.50
	2	80	38.31
	3	65	36.13
	3	80	37.23

Cohesion and friction angle for tests result_

Material	Fc (%)	RD (%)	c (kPa)	j (°)
Clean sand	0	65	0	41.67
	0	85	0	44.13
	10	65	9.13	39.01
	10	80	15.33	40.36
Sand-silt mixtures	20	65	11.20	37.23
	20	80	15.88	38.66
	30	65	13.54	35.37
	30	80	17.17	35.75
	40	65	15.09	33.82
	40	80	18.86	34.05

Index properties of sand-silt mixtures_

Materials	F_c (%)	G_s	D₁₀ (mm)	D₅₀ (mm)	C_u	C_c	e_min	e_max
Clean sand	0	2.650	0.17	0.41	2.82	1.10	0.623	0.848
Clean sand	10	2.653	0.08	0.38	5.28	1.70	0.487	0.811
Sand-silt mixtures	20	2.656	0.04	0.33	9.80	1.92	0.455	0.776
	30	2.659	0.03	0.32	13.31	0.84	0.421	0.749
	40	2.662	0.02	0.25	15.17	0.01	0.489	0.803
Chlef silt	100	2.667	-	0.03	-	-	0.593	0.783

Coefficients A, B and R2 for equation (3) (RD = 65%)_

s_n (kPa)	Preparation method	A	B	R²
100	Air pluviation (AP)	−0.274	88.4	0.93
200		−0.875	188.68	0.99
400		−1.823	350.92	0.99
100	Moist tamping (MT)	−0.179	73.794	0.92
200		−0.400	151.71	0.90
400		−1.024	292.67	0.99

Language:: English

Publication timeframe:: 4 times per year
Journal Subjects:: Geosciences, Geosciences, other, Materials Sciences, Composites, Porous Materials, Physics, Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics

Journal RSS Feed

Shear strength of compacted Chlef sand: effect of water content, fines content and others parameters

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Mar 19, 2020

Page range: 18 - 35

Received: Dec 24, 2018

Accepted: Aug 27, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2019-0027

Keywords
fines content, water content, direct shear test, friction angle, cohesion

© 2020 Djamel Bouri et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

Figure 14

Figure 15

Figure 16

Figure 17

Figure 18

Figure 19

Figure 20

Figure 21

Figure 22

Figure 23

Chemical analysis of tested materials [3]_

Coefficients A, B and R2 for equation (3) (RD = 80%)_

Coefficients A, B and R2 for equation (2)_

Cohesion and friction angle for test result_

Cohesion and friction angle for tests result_

Index properties of sand-silt mixtures_

Coefficients A, B and R2 for equation (3) (RD = 65%)_

Shear strength of compacted Chlef sand: effect of water content, fines content and others parameters

Djamel Bouri

Abdallah Krim

Abdelkader Brahim

Ahmed Arab

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Mar 19, 2020

Page range: 18 - 35

Received: Dec 24, 2018

Accepted: Aug 27, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2019-0027

Keywordsfines content, water content, direct shear test, friction angle, cohesion

© 2020 Djamel Bouri et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

Figure 14

Figure 15

Figure 16

Figure 17

Figure 18

Figure 19

Figure 20

Figure 21

Figure 22

Figure 23

Chemical analysis of tested materials [3]_

Coefficients A, B and R2 for equation (3) (RD = 80%)_

Coefficients A, B and R2 for equation (2)_

Cohesion and friction angle for test result_

Cohesion and friction angle for tests result_

Index properties of sand-silt mixtures_

Coefficients A, B and R2 for equation (3) (RD = 65%)_

Keywords
fines content, water content, direct shear test, friction angle, cohesion