Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytical Effects of Fe Contents on Pyrolysis of Cellulose with Fe₂O₃/SBA-15 Catalysts

[1] Ghatak H. R. Biorefineries from the perspective of sustainability: Feedstocks, products, and processes. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2011:15(8):4042–4052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.03410.1016/j.rser.2011.07.034Search in Google Scholar

[2] Lauka D., et al. When Bioeconomy Development Becomes a Biomass Energy Competitor. Environmental and Climate Technologies 2019:23(3):347–359. https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2019-010010.2478/rtuect-2019-0100Search in Google Scholar

[3] Indzere Z., Melvere M., Muizniece I., Blumberga D. The Evaluation of Factors Affecting Bioeconomy Development Using Transdisciplinary Approach. Environmental and Climate Technologies 2019:23(3):360–369. https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2019-010110.2478/rtuect-2019-0101Search in Google Scholar

[4] Directive 2018/2001/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. Official Journal of the European Union 2018:328:82–209.Search in Google Scholar

[5] Suharevska K., Blumberga D. Progress in Renewable Energy Technologies: Innovation Potential in Latvia. Environmental and Climate Technologies 2019:23(2):47–63. https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2019-005410.2478/rtuect-2019-0054Search in Google Scholar

[6] Collard F. X., Blin J. A review on pyrolysis of biomass constituents: Mechanisms and composition of the products obtained from the conversion of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2014:38:594–608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.06.01310.1016/j.rser.2014.06.013Search in Google Scholar

[7] Jeon M. J., et al. Catalytic pyrolysis of waste rice husk over mesoporous materials. Nanoscale Research Letters 2012:7:18. https://doi.org/10.1186/1556-276X-7-1810.1186/1556-276X-7-18328439322221540Search in Google Scholar

[8] Tan S., et al. Catalysts in Biomass Pyrolysis: A Brief Review. Advanced Materials Research 2012:608:428–432. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.608-609.42810.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.608-609.428Search in Google Scholar

[9] Bridgwater A. V. Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading. Biomass and Bioenergy 2012:38:68–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.04810.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.048Search in Google Scholar

[10] Zhao D., et al. Triblock Copolymer Syntheses of Mesoporous Silica with Periodic 50 to 300 Angstrom Pores. Science 1998:279:548–552.10.1126/science.279.5350.5489438845Search in Google Scholar

[11] Zhang Y., et al. Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass with Fe/La/SBA-15 Catalyst using TGA – FTIR Analysis. BioResources 2014:9(3):5234–5245. https://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.9.3.5234-524510.15376/biores.9.3.5234-5245Search in Google Scholar

[12] Sun Y., et al. Highly dispersed iron oxide nanoclusters supported on ordered mesoporous SBA-15 : A very active catalyst for Friedel – Crafts alkylations. Applied Catalysis A: General 2006:300(1):1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2005.10.02910.1016/j.apcata.2005.10.029Search in Google Scholar

[13] Li C., et al. Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Forestry Wood Waste for Bio-Energy Recovery Using Nano-Catalysts. Energies 2019:12(20):3972. https://doi.org/10.3390/en1220397210.3390/en12203972Search in Google Scholar

[14] Huang Y. F., et al. Pyrolysis of biomass by thermal analysis-mass spectrometry (TA-MS). Bioresource Technology 2011:102(3):3527–3534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.04910.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.04921131197Search in Google Scholar

[15] Jeon M. J., et al. Catalytic pyrolysis of biomass components over mesoporous catalysts using Py-GC/MS. Catalysis Today 2013:204:170–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2012.07.03910.1016/j.cattod.2012.07.039Search in Google Scholar

[16] Lazdovica K., Kampars V., Liepina L., Vilka M. Comparative study on thermal pyrolysis of buckwheat and wheat straws by using TGA-FTIR and Py-GC/MS methods. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2017:124:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2017.03.01010.1016/j.jaap.2017.03.010Search in Google Scholar

[17] Bora D. K., et al. Evolution of structural properties of iron oxide nano particles during temperature treatment from 250 °C–900 °C: X-ray diffraction and Fe K-shell pre-edge X-ray absorption study. Current Applied Physics 2012:12(3):817–825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2011.11.01310.1016/j.cap.2011.11.013Search in Google Scholar

[18] Farahmandjou M., Soflaee F. Synthesis and characterization of α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles by simple co-precipitation method. Physical Chemistry Research 2015:3:191–196. https://dx.doi.org/10.22036/pcr.2015.9193Search in Google Scholar

[19] Joya M. R., Baron-Jaimez J., Barba-Ortega J. Preparation and characterization of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 466. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/466/1/01200410.1088/1742-6596/466/1/012004Search in Google Scholar

[20] Sing K. S. W., et al. Reporting Physisorption Data for Gas/Solid Systems with Special Reference to the Determination of Surface Area and Porosity. Pure and Applied Chemistry 1985:57:603–619. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac19855704060310.1351/pac198557040603Search in Google Scholar

[21] Baharudin K. B., et al. Mesoporous NiO/Al-SBA-15 catalysts for solvent-free deoxygenation of palm fatty acid distillate. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 2019:276:13–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2018.09.01410.1016/j.micromeso.2018.09.014Search in Google Scholar

[22] Yang H., et al. Characteristics of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin pyrolysis. Fuel 2007:86(12–13):1781–1788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2006.12.01310.1016/j.fuel.2006.12.013Search in Google Scholar

[23] Maddi B., Viamajala S., Varanasi S. Comparative study of pyrolysis of algal biomass from natural lake blooms with lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresource Technology 2011:102(23):11018–11026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.05510.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.05521983407Search in Google Scholar

[24] Kelkar S., et al. A survey of catalysts for aromatics from fast pyrolysis of biomass. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 2015:174–175:85–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.02.02010.1016/j.apcatb.2015.02.020Search in Google Scholar